Premetro (Buenos Aires)

One of the refurbished La Brugeoise cars that ran temporarily on the line, now part of the Buenos Aires Heritage Tramway.

Materfer rolling stock leaving Plaza de los Virreyes.

Interior of the Intendente Saguier terminal following refurbishment.

The line opened in stages. The first section was opened for service on 28 April 1987; this was the 2-km section between the metro station (Plaza de los Virreyes) and Ana Maria Janer,[1] near the line's carhouse. Service was extended to Villa Soldati in June and to General Savio on 25 August. A formal inauguration ceremony was held two days later.[1]

The cost of constructing the line was US$5.4 million, and an additional $4.6 million was allocated to the acquisition of a fleet of 25 trams. A contract for the latter was awarded around the end of 1985 to a consortium led by the Argentine company Materfer (Fábrica de Material Ferroviario),[5] of Córdoba, some of which were for a planned second line that was to be built later.[1]

Delivery of the Materfer cars was originally due to begin in mid-1987,[5] but it soon became apparent that they would not be ready until mid-1988 or later, which would be well after construction of the line was completed. In order to avoid a long delay in the opening of the line, officials decided to create a temporary fleet by converting some 1913 metro cars into trams. They were double-truck (four-axle), non-articulated, double-ended (bidirectional) trams. A total of eight such cars were built, using new metal bodies manufactured in Buenos Aires by EMEPA S.A., mounted on the original 1913 Belgian-built La Brugeoise underframes. They were painted in a livery of all-over green.[1] The first three of these inaugurated service on the first section of line E2 in April 1987.

The Materfer trams began to arrive in mid-1988, with six delivered by the end of the year.[2] Their electrical equipment was supplied by Siemens. Like the temporary cars rebuilt from metro cars, the Materfer/Siemens trams are double-truck, double-ended cars.[2] They have seating for 24 passengers and room for around 115 standees.[1][2] They have three doors on each side. The low-platform stops along the line are long enough to accommodate only one car at a time, and multiple-unit operation is not planned, so the tramcars are not equipped with couplers.

The first cars entered service on 14 October 1988.[1] In 1989, both types of car were still in service,[2] but eventually the Materfer cars displaced all of the rebodied metro cars. By April 1991, 20 of the 25 cars had been delivered (fleet numbers PM 1–20), and the last five were reported as being completed but still at the factory in Córdoba.[6] However, the scheduled service needed only six cars.[6] As of 2001, normal peak service still required only six to eight cars.[1]Metrovías became the line's operator on 1 July 1993, under a franchise agreement.[7]

The Metrobus network has replaced many of the originally planned Premetro lines.

Fátima station was refurbished in 2016 and other stations will be based on this design.

In the original PreMetro project in the late 1980s was to include the building of two or three more additional lines, however due to the timing of these projects having coincided with railway privatisation in Argentina, only PreMetro E2 materialised before the Buenos Aires Underground network was privatised and investment ground to a halt for the following two decades. Much like PreMetro E2, the naming of the PreMetro lines would have shared the letter of their corresponding Underground line along with a number depending on how many PreMetro lines corresponded to that Underground line.

With Line E of the Underground, PreMetro E2 was the first phase of the project with the construction of PreMetro E1 being the second phase. This line would have extended out from the end of Line E eastwards to the limits of the city proper with Greater Buenos Aires.[4] However, this never materialised following privatisation and the building of the Metrobus Sur in 2013 rendered the building of the line obsolete since it covers the same area and route, with the added benefit of going directly to the city centre without needing to transfer to Line E.[8]

While the Metrobus Sur was still in the planning stages, it had been proposed in 2012 to create a Premetro H1 line extending from the terminus of Underground Line H to the edge of the city proper, connecting with Premetro E2 at its General Savio terminus, giving the benefit over the originally planned E1 line in that it would create a loop between Underground lines E and H.[9] In the end though, the Metrobus was constructed instead of Premetro H.

Plans for other lines included PreMetro D1 in the 1980s, which would have departed from the final station of Line D to the limits of the city proper. In 2015, this will also become a reality, but with the opening of Metrobus Cabildo rather than a tram service.[10]

There would also have been a PreMetro C1 which would have connected with Line C and the Roca Line at Constitución railway station and headed northwards to Retiro railway station (parallel to Line C, but further east) and eastwards to Puerto Madero.[10] The current extension of Line E northwards to Retiro will substitute this,[11] but not the Puerto Madero section, which was briefly covered by the experimental Tranvia del Este.

In 2015 SBASE, along with the City of Buenos Aires, began making plans to refurbish and rebuild many of the Line E2 stations, including a brand new terminal at Plaza de los Virreyes, as part of a plan to modernise the network which also intends to increase the amount of rolling stock in circulation.[12][13] In October 2015 the refurbishment of the Intendente Saguier terminal was completed, followed by the refurbishment of Fátima station in April 2016.[14][15]