Putian
Putian or Putien (Chinese: 莆田), historically known as Xinghua or Hing Hwa (興化), is a prefecture-level city in eastern Fujian province, China. It borders Fuzhou City to the north, Quanzhou City to the south, and the Taiwan Strait's Xinghai Bay to the east.[3] The Mulan River flows through the southern part of the city. It's built-up area made of 4 urban districts was home to 1,953,801 inhabitants as of 2010 census. The native language of the area is Pu-Xian Min. It is known for its production of counterfeit sneakers.
Putian
莆田市 Putien | |
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 Location of Putian in Fujian | |
  Putian Location in China | |
| Coordinates (Putian Government Plaza): 25°27′09″N 119°00′28″E | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Fujian |
| Municipal seat | Chengxiang District |
| Government | |
| • CPC Secretary | Lin Baojin |
| • Deputy Mayor | Li Jianhui |
| Area | |
| • Prefecture-level city | 4,119 km2 (1,590 sq mi) |
| • Urban | 2,284 km2 (882 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 2,284 km2 (882 sq mi) |
| Population (2010 census)[1] | |
| • Prefecture-level city | 2,778,508 |
| • Density | 670/km2 (1,700/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 1,953,801 |
| • Urban density | 860/km2 (2,200/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 1,953,801 |
| • Metro density | 860/km2 (2,200/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 351100 |
| Area code(s) | 0594 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-FJ-03 |
| GDP | 2015[1] |
| - Total | CNY 167.0 billion (US$25.70 billion) |
| - per capita | CNY 58,596 (US$9,014) |
| - Growth |  14.5% |
| License Plate Prefixes | 闽B |
| Local variety | Puxian Min |
| Website | www |
| Putian | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Simplified Chinese | 莆田 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Postal | Putien | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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History
Imperial era
Putian was first founded as an administrative area in the year of 568 as a county during the Liang Dynasty.
Putian was later re-established as a military administered city during the Song Dynasty with the stationing of military families and soldiers into the city during the period. Xinghua Prefecture was created in 979. It was abolished during the Yuan Dynasty in 1277.
The city greatly prospered during the Ming Dynasty.
Contemporary era
On August 21 and August 25, 1949, Putian and Xianyou County were captured by the People's Liberation Army, respectively. The Wuqiu Islands were never successfully captured, and continue to be under ROC control. On September 9, 1983, the State Council approved the establishment of Putian as a prefecture-level city. It has jurisdiction over Putian and Xianyou Counties, along with Chengxiang and Hanjiang Districts.
Putian is known as the fake sneaker capital with counterfeiters protected from internationally intellectual property law enforcement by the notoriously corrupt local courts.[4]
Administration
Putian's municipal executive, legislature and judiciary are in Chengxiang District (城厢区), together with the CPC and Public Security bureaux. The municipal region comprises three other districts and one county:
- Hanjiang District (涵江区)
- Licheng District (荔城区)
- Xiuyu District (秀屿区)
- Xianyou County (仙游县)
| Map |
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Wuqiu
Note: Kinmen County, ROC (Taiwan) is claimed by the PRC. |
Languages and ethnic groups
The Han Chinese are the majority ethnic group.
Puxian Min is the largest dialect spoken in Putian. It is a dialect of Min, a Chinese language.
Economy
Putian has become an export base for Fujian products. The main industries are shoe-making, brewing, electronics, garments, fruits, vegetables, and machinery, electrical goods.[5] In particular, the area is known for high-quality counterfeits of shoes[6] and the domination of Chinese private healthcare.[7][8]
Culture
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Putian is known for Putian (Henghwa) cuisine, a style of Fujianese cooking that places a heavy emphasis on fresh seafood. Duotou clams, locally harvested around the village of Duotou, are particularly well known.
Tourism
Meizhou Island, most famous for being the legendary birthplace of the goddess Mazu, is located closely offshore of Putian. According to legends, Mazu in her earthly incarnation died on the seashore of Xianliang Harbor, in the coastal area of Putian, where Xianliang Mazu Temple hosts pilgrims from different Chinese provinces and from Taiwan, particularly for the ceremonies commemorating the goddess' death held in October.[9] Because of its hosting "the most sacred places for Mazu believers," Putian is known as "Mazu's hometown."[10]
College and universities
Climate
| Climate data for Putian (1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 27.0 (80.6) |
31.1 (88.0) |
30.3 (86.5) |
32.0 (89.6) |
33.8 (92.8) |
35.6 (96.1) |
36.9 (98.4) |
36.7 (98.1) |
36.4 (97.5) |
33.5 (92.3) |
31.1 (88.0) |
28.4 (83.1) |
36.9 (98.4) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 16.5 (61.7) |
17.2 (63.0) |
19.7 (67.5) |
23.3 (73.9) |
27.2 (81.0) |
29.7 (85.5) |
33.1 (91.6) |
32.5 (90.5) |
30.8 (87.4) |
27.0 (80.6) |
23.0 (73.4) |
18.7 (65.7) |
24.9 (76.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 12.5 (54.5) |
13.2 (55.8) |
15.2 (59.4) |
19.3 (66.7) |
23.4 (74.1) |
26.2 (79.2) |
28.9 (84.0) |
28.6 (83.5) |
27.1 (80.8) |
23.4 (74.1) |
19.3 (66.7) |
14.8 (58.6) |
21.0 (69.8) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 10.0 (50.0) |
10.7 (51.3) |
12.3 (54.1) |
16.4 (61.5) |
20.6 (69.1) |
23.6 (74.5) |
25.8 (78.4) |
25.6 (78.1) |
24.6 (76.3) |
21.1 (70.0) |
16.9 (62.4) |
12.2 (54.0) |
18.3 (65.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 1.5 (34.7) |
4.1 (39.4) |
2.8 (37.0) |
9.1 (48.4) |
15.0 (59.0) |
16.2 (61.2) |
22.0 (71.6) |
21.5 (70.7) |
19.8 (67.6) |
13.2 (55.8) |
6.3 (43.3) |
1.8 (35.2) |
1.5 (34.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 37.0 (1.46) |
81.1 (3.19) |
130.0 (5.12) |
138.4 (5.45) |
199.3 (7.85) |
252.5 (9.94) |
158.1 (6.22) |
215.6 (8.49) |
155.9 (6.14) |
49.1 (1.93) |
34.1 (1.34) |
25.8 (1.02) |
1,476.9 (58.15) |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 70 | 74 | 74 | 76 | 76 | 81 | 76 | 77 | 71 | 65 | 65 | 67 | 73 |
| Source: China Meteorological Data Service Center | |||||||||||||
References
- "Archived copy" 莆田市2015年国民经济和社会发展统计公报 (in Chinese). Putian Municipal Statistic Bureau. 2010-02-20. Archived from the original on 2016-02-01. Retrieved 2010-05-03.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- 教育部重編國語辭典修訂本. Retrieved 17 August 2019.
字詞 【莆田縣】 注音 ㄆㄨˊ ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄒㄧㄢˋ 漢語拼音 pú tián xiàn
- Litchi City Putian Archived 2011-05-22 at the Wayback Machine
- Rechtschaffen, Daniel. "How China's Legal System Enables Intellectual Property Theft". thediplomat.com. The Diplomat. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
- China today Archived 2007-09-07 at the Wayback Machine
- Schmidle, Nicholas (2010-08-19). "Inside the Knockoff-Tennis-Shoe Factory". New York Times. Retrieved 8 September 2010.
- "The Putian phenomenon". Week in China. HSBC. 2014-06-20. Retrieved 5 May 2016.
- "Baidu's "moral dilemma" – How a Cancer Case aroused National Attention". China Spoon. 2014-06-20. Retrieved 5 May 2016.
- Hsun Chang, "Multiple Religious and National Identities: Mazu Pilgrimages across the Taiwan Strait after 1987," in Cheng-tian Kuo (Ed.), Religion and Nationalism in Chinese Societies, Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2017, 373–396 (378).
- Hsun Chang (2017), 378.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Putian. |
Fujian topics | |
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| General | |
| Geography | |
| Education | |
| Culture |
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| Cuisine | |
| Visitor attractions | |
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