Religious affiliation in the United States Senate

This article covers the religious affiliation in the United States Senate.

While the religious preference of elected officials is by no means an indication of their allegiance nor necessarily reflective of their voting record, the religious affiliation of prominent members of all three branches of government is a source of commentary and discussion among the media and public. The topic is also of interest to religious groups and the general public who may appeal to senators of their denomination on religious or moral issues facing the United States Senate.

Current United States Senators

The following list reports the religious affiliation of the members of the United States Senate in the 117th Congress. In most cases, besides specific sources, the current senators' religious affiliations are those mentioned in regular researches by the Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life at the Pew Research Center.[1] One vacancy will be filled in late January 2021.

Presbyterians (13)
Senator Party State Religion Notes
Marsha Blackburn Republican Tennessee Presbyterian[2]
John Barrasso Republican Wyoming Presbyterian[3][4] Former Catholic.
Shelley Moore Capito Republican West Virginia Presbyterian[5]
Tom Carper Democratic Delaware Presbyterian[6][7]
Chris Coons Democratic Delaware Presbyterian[8][9] Attends a Catholic church.[10]
Steve Daines Republican Montana Presbyterian[11] Swore by a Lutheran Bible.[12]
Deb Fischer Republican Nebraska Presbyterian[13][14]
Jim Inhofe Republican Oklahoma Presbyterian[15][16]
Rand Paul Republican Kentucky Presbyterian[17][18] Raised as an Episcopalian.[19][20]
Ben Sasse Republican Nebraska Presbyterian[21] Raised as Lutheran;[22][23] former Reformed.[24][25]
Richard Shelby Republican Alabama Presbyterian[26][27]
Tina Smith Democratic Minnesota Presbyterian[1] Swore by an old Heilige Bibel, a family Bible.[28]
Mark Warner Democratic Virginia Presbyterian[29][30]
Baptists (11)
Senator Party State Religion Notes
Roy Blunt Republican Missouri Baptist[31][32]
Cory Booker Democratic New Jersey Baptist[33] Raised as a Methodist.[34]
Raphael Warnock Democratic Georgia Baptist Pastor of Ebenezer Baptist Church.
John Boozman Republican Arkansas Baptist[35][36]
Ted Cruz Republican Texas Baptist[37][38]
Lindsey Graham Republican South Carolina Baptist[39][40]
Chuck Grassley Republican Iowa Baptist[41][42]
Cindy Hyde-Smith Republican Mississippi Baptist[43]
James Lankford Republican Oklahoma Baptist[44][45] Former student ministries and evangelism specialist
for the Baptist General Convention of Oklahoma.
Mitch McConnell Republican Kentucky Baptist[46][47]
Roger Wicker Republican Mississippi Baptist[48][49]
Methodists (7)
Senator Party State Religion Notes
Richard Burr Republican North Carolina Methodist[50][51]
Tom Cotton Republican Arkansas Methodist[52]
John Neely Kennedy Republican Louisiana Methodist[53]
Jerry Moran Republican Kansas Methodist[54][55]
Rob Portman Republican Ohio Methodist[56][57] Former Presbyterian.[58][59]
Debbie Stabenow Democratic Michigan Methodist[60][61]
Elizabeth Warren Democratic Massachusetts Methodist[62][63] Attends various churches.[64]
Lutherans (6)
Senator Party State Religion Notes
Sherrod Brown Democratic Ohio Lutheran[65][66][67]
Joni Ernst Republican Iowa Lutheran[65]
Martin Heinrich Democratic New Mexico Lutheran[65][68][69]
Ron Johnson Republican Wisconsin Lutheran[65][70][71]
Cynthia Lummis Republican Wyoming Lutheran[65][72]
Jeff Merkley Democratic Oregon Lutheran[65][73][74]
Evangelicals (6)
Senator Party State Religion Notes
Bill Cassidy Republican Louisiana Evangelical[75]
Kevin Cramer Republican North Dakota Evangelical[76] Former Lutheran.[76]
Josh Hawley Republican Missouri Evangelical[77] Raised as a Methodist.[77]
Rick Scott Republican Florida Evangelical[78] Former Presbyterian.[78]
Tim Scott Republican South Carolina Evangelical[79][80]
John Thune Republican South Dakota Evangelical[81][82]
Episcopalians (5)
Senator Party State Religion Notes
Bill Hagerty Republican Tennessee Episcopalian[1]
Angus King Independent Maine Episcopalian[83][84][85]
Gary Peters Democratic Michigan Episcopalian[83][86][87]
Chris Van Hollen Democratic Maryland Episcopalian[83][88]
Sheldon Whitehouse Democratic Rhode Island Episcopalian[83][89][90]
Congregationalists (2)
Senator Party State Religion Notes
Maggie Hassan Democratic New Hampshire Congregationalist
(United Church of Christ)
Amy Klobuchar Democratic Minnesota Congregationalist
(United Church of Christ)[91][92]
Restorationists (2)
Senator Party State Religion Notes
John Cornyn Republican Texas Restorationist
(Churches of Christ)[93][94]
Tommy Tuberville Republican Alabama Restorationist
(Churches of Christ)[95]
Holiness (1)
Senator Party State Religion Notes
Jon Tester Democratic Montana Holiness
(Church of God)[96][97]
Quakers (1)
Senator Party State Religion Notes
John Hickenlooper Democratic Colorado Quaker[98] "Raised on the periphery of the Episcopal Church",[99]
but misidentified as an Episcopalian in the Pew Report.[1]
Unspecified Protestants (4)
Senator Party State Religion Notes
Chris Murphy Democratic Connecticut Protestant[100][101] Raised as a Congregationalist.[102]
Jeanne Shaheen Democratic New Hampshire Protestant[103][104]
Todd Young Republican Indiana Protestant[105]
Roger Marshall Republican Kansas Protestant

Catholics (25)
Senator Party State Religion Notes
Mike Braun Republican Indiana Catholic[106]
Maria Cantwell Democratic Washington Catholic[107][108]
Bob Casey Democratic Pennsylvania Catholic[109][110]
Susan Collins Republican Maine Catholic[111][112]
Catherine Cortez Masto Democratic Nevada Catholic[113][114][115]
Dick Durbin Democratic Illinois Catholic[116][117]
Kirsten Gillibrand Democratic New York Catholic[118][119]
John Hoeven Republican North Dakota Catholic[120][121]
Tim Kaine Democratic Virginia Catholic[122][123]
Mark Kelly Democratic Arizona Catholic[1] His wife, former Rep. Gabrielle Giffords, is Jewish.
Patrick Leahy Democratic Vermont Catholic[124][125]
Ben Ray Luján Democratic New Mexico Catholic[1]
Joe Manchin Democratic West Virginia Catholic[119][126]
Ed Markey Democratic Massachusetts Catholic[127][128]
Bob Menendez Democratic New Jersey Catholic[129][130]
Lisa Murkowski Republican Alaska Catholic[131][132]
Patty Murray Democratic Washington Catholic[133][134]
Alex Padilla Democratic California Catholic[135]
Jack Reed Democratic Rhode Island Catholic[136][137]
Jim Risch Republican Idaho Catholic[138][139]
Mike Rounds Republican South Dakota Catholic[140][141]
Marco Rubio Republican Florida Catholic[142][143] Former Latter-day Saint.[144]
Dan Sullivan Republican Alaska Catholic[145]
Thom Tillis Republican North Carolina Catholic
Pat Toomey Republican Pennsylvania Catholic[146][147]

Latter-day Saints (3)
Senator Party State Religion Notes
Mike Crapo Republican Idaho Latter-day Saint[148][149]
Mike Lee Republican Utah Latter-day Saint[150][151]
Mitt Romney Republican Utah Latter-day Saint[152][153]

Jews (9)
Senator Party State Religion Notes
Richard Blumenthal Democratic Connecticut Jewish[154][155]
Jon Ossoff Democratic Georgia Jewish
Ben Cardin Democratic Maryland Jewish[156][157]
Dianne Feinstein Democratic California Jewish[158][159][160]
Bernie Sanders Independent Vermont Jewish[161][162] Nonpractising.
Jacky Rosen Democratic Nevada Jewish[163][164]
Brian Schatz Democratic Hawaii Jewish[165][166]
Chuck Schumer Democratic New York Jewish[167][168]
Ron Wyden Democratic Oregon Jewish[169][170]

Buddhists (1)
Senator Party State Religion Notes
Mazie Hirono Democratic Hawaii Buddhist
(Jōdo Shinshū)[171][172]		 Nonpracticing.

Unknown/refused to specify (3)
Senator Party State Religion Notes
Tammy Baldwin Democratic Wisconsin Unknown/Refused to specify[1][173][174] Baptized as an Episcopalian.[175]
Michael Bennet Democratic Colorado Unknown/Refused to specify[1][176][177] Raised in both Jewish and Christian traditions.[178]
Tammy Duckworth Democratic Illinois Unknown/Refused to specify[1] Sometimes acknowledged as Deist.[179]

Unaffiliated (1)
Senator Party State Religion Notes
Kyrsten Sinema Democratic Arizona Unaffiliated Raised as a Latter-day Saint.[180]

Comparison with general population

In conjunction with figures derived from the Pew Research Center's 2014 Religious Landscape Study,[181] the most basic breakdown of the above data indicates that 86% of the Senate identify as Christian (compared with 70.6% of the population), 9% of the Senate identify as Jewish (compared with 1.9% of the population), 1% of the Senate identifies with other religions (compared with 5.9% of the population), 3% of the Senate have unknown religions or refused to specify them (compared with 0.6% of the population), and 1% of the Senate remains unaffiliated (compared with 22.8% of the population).

The following table compares reported religious affiliations of U.S. senators to religious statistics of the demographics of the United States:

ReligionGroup# of sens% of sens% of population
ChristianityCatholics
25 / 100
25%20.8%
Presbyterians
13 / 100
13%2.2%
Baptists
11 / 100
11%15.3%
Methodists
7 / 100
7%4.4%
Lutherans
6 / 100
6%3.6%
Episcopalians
5 / 100
5%1.2%
Various other Protestants
16 / 100
16%15.7%
Latter-day Saints (Mormons)
3 / 100
3%1.6%
Jews
9 / 100
9%1.9%
Buddhists
1 / 100
1%1%
Unknown/Refused to state
3 / 100
3%0.6%
Unaffiliated
1 / 100
1%22.8%

See also

References
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Notes
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