Saint-Vallier, Drôme

Saint-Vallier is a commune in the Drôme department in southeastern France. It is an administrative, commercial and industrial town at the confluence of the rivers Galaure and Rhone.

Saint-Vallier
Commune
A general view of Saint-Vallier
Coat of arms
Location of Saint-Vallier
Saint-Vallier
Saint-Vallier
Coordinates: 45°10′44″N 4°48′54″E
CountryFrance
RegionAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes
DepartmentDrôme
ArrondissementValence
CantonSaint-Vallier
IntercommunalityLes Deux Rives de la Région de Saint-Vallier
Government
 • Mayor (2008–2014) Jacques Cheval
Area
1
5.42 km2 (2.09 sq mi)
Population
 (2017-01-01)[1]
3,915
 • Density720/km2 (1,900/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
26333 /26240
Elevation131–364 m (430–1,194 ft)
(avg. 158 m or 518 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Geography

The town is situated on the banks of the Rhone, 30 kilometres (19 mi) north of Valence. The Galaure flows northwest through the southern part of the commune, crosses the town, then flows into the Rhone, which forms the commune's western border.

The town covers an area of 464 hectares (1,150 acres) and has just over four thousand inhabitants.

It is the county town of the canton and is important as an administrative, industrial and commercial centre. It has developed in a linear fashion along the bank of the Rhone and has a catchment area of about fifteen thousand inhabitants. It has a number of factories and industrial units making aviation parts, ceramic insulators, nuclear taps, tiles and stationery.[2]

History

Ancient Rome

The Roman town of Ursuli was built on this site at the confluence of the Galaure and the Rhone.

Middle Ages

The Château de Diane de Poitiers was built in the fifteenth century. It is flanked by corner towers that dominate the Galaure River. The château is surrounded by a landscaped garden designed by Le Nôtre. Château des Rioux is another ancient castle beside the three hectare Parc à l'Anglaise. It originally housed a religious community of monks but was rebuilt in the nineteenth century by Comte Dupeyroux de Salmagne. It offers accommodation in a gite and four guest chambers.[3] The old city walls are still visible on the Place Orsolles and there is a covered market, built in 1852.

Modern

In the eighteenth century, feldspar and kaolin were found in the area and an industry grew up making hard-paste porcelain fired at a high temperature.

On August 16, 1944, 28 American B17s tried to destroy the railroad bridge, causing many deaths and damage to the south of the town.

If you want to learn more about the history and the "Montrebut" paleontological site of Saint-Vallier, there is a dedicated room near the local council building.[4]

Population
Historical population
YearPop.±%
19114,363—    
19624,124−5.5%
19684,927+19.5%
19755,137+4.3%
19824,442−13.5%
19904,115−7.4%
19994,154+0.9%
20084,005−3.6%

Fossil site

Near Saint-Vallier, on the "Montrebut" hill, there is a fossil bed that serves as a biostratigraphical reference locality. Flowing water has buried the remains of animals over many millennia and careful excavations can help paleontologists understand the relative ages of different rock strata according to the different fossil remains found.[5] This is one of only two locations in which fossils of the extinct badger species Meles thorali have been found.[6]

Personalities

Saint-Vallier is the birthplace of Diane de Poitiers, one of the most well-known of French royal mistresses, born in 1499. She became the favourite of Henry II of France and wielded much power until he was fatally wounded in 1559 in a jousting tournament and his widow, Catherine de' Medici, expelled her from the court.[7]

Main sights

Castles
  • View of the town and castle in 1809, from a painting of C.L. Panckoucke

Downtown
  • The city walls
  • Old town houses, some of which date from the Middle Ages
  • The hall, rebuilt in 1852
  • The Saint-Valéry church (Mérimée)
  • City walls on the place Orsolles
  • Place of the pump
  • Church Saint-Valéry

Others
  • The train station

See also

References
  1. "Populations légales 2017". INSEE. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
  2. "Ville de Saint Vallier". Office de Tourisme du Pays de Saint Vallier. Retrieved 2015-05-13.
  3. "Château des Rioux". Retrieved 2013-09-08.
  4. "Saint-Vallier, France Holidays". TripAdvisor. Retrieved 2013-09-07.
  5. Valli, Andrea (2004). "Taphonomy of Saint-Vallier (Drôme, France), the reference locality for the biozone MN17 (Upper Pliocene)". Lethaia. 37 (3): 337–350. doi:10.1080/00241160410002072.
  6. Baryshnikov, G. F.; Puzachenko, A. Y.; Abramov, A. V. (2003). "New analysis of variability of cheek teeth in Eurasian badgers (Carnivora, Mustelidae, Meles)" (PDF). Russian Journal of Theriology. 1 (2): 133–149.
  7. Wellman, Kathleen (2011). "Diane de Poitiers: An Idealized Mistress". Queens and Mistresses of Renaissance France. Yale UP. pp. 196–236. ISBN 9780300190656.
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