Seleucus V Philometor
The Seleucid king Seleucus V Philometor (Greek: Σέλευκος Ε΄ ὁ Φιλομήτωρ; 126/125 BC), ruler of the Hellenistic Seleucid kingdom, was the eldest son of Demetrius II Nicator and Cleopatra Thea.[1] The epithet Philometor means "mother-loving" and in the Hellenistic world usually indicated that the mother acted as co-regent for the prince.
| Seleucus V Philometor | |
|---|---|
| Crown Prince and King of Syria | |
| Co-regent (King) of the Seleucid Empire (Co-regent of Syria) | |
| Reign | 126–125 BC (with his mother Cleopatra Thea) |
| Coronation | 125 BC |
| Predecessor | Demetrius II Nicator and Alexander II Zabinas |
| Successor | Cleopatra Thea and Antiochus VIII Grypus |
| Born | Unknown |
| Died | 125 BC |
| Dynasty | Seleucid |
| Father | Demetrius II Nicator |
| Mother | Cleopatra Thea |
Biography
Just before Antiochus VII Sidetes died fighting the Parthians in late 129, the Parthian king Phraates II had released Demetrius II, who entered Syria in ca. September 129. This forced Seleucus V's half-brother Antiochus IX to flee to Cyzicus. Cleopatra Thea remarried Demetrius and reunited him with his two sons, Seleucus V and Antiochus VIII.[2]
Antiochus VII had taken a son, also named Seleucus, and Seleucus V's sister, Laodice, on his campaign against Parthia, and when Antiochus was killed, this Seleucus and Laodice were captured.[3] Phraates married Laodice[4] and showed this Seleucus (not to be confused with Seleucus V) great favor.[5] As Demetrius II fought a civil war against the usurper, Alexander II Zabinas, Phraates sent this Seleucus back to Syria with the body of his father, Antiochus VII, to claim the Seleucid throne as puppet king of the Parthians. Yet this Seleucus failed and returned to Parthia, where he later died.[6]
Instead, after his father was murdered outside of Tyre in 125, Seleucus V claimed the throne as the eldest son of Demetrius II; however, he was soon killed by his own mother.[7] According to Appian, Cleopatra Thea had aided in the death of Demetrius, and therefore, she was afraid that Seleucus V might avenge the assassination of his father. This encouraged Cleopatra Thea to remove Seleucus in favor of his younger brother, Antiochus VIII.[8]
References
- Appian, Syriaca 68
- Jos. Ant. 13.253, 268, 271; Justin 38.10.11; id. Prol. 39; Eus. Chron. (Smith ed.): 257; Hieron. Chron. 163.1; Livy Epit. 60.11.
- Justin 38.10.10.
- Ogden, Daniel (1999). Polygamy Prostitutes and Death. The Hellenistic Dynasties. London: Gerald Duckworth & Co. Ltd. p. 150. ISBN 07156 29301.
- Eus. Chron. (Smith ed.): 257; Athen. 4.38a-b; Justin 38.10.10.
- R. Shayegan. Arsacids and Sasanians: Political Ideology in Post-Hellenistic and Late Antique Persia. Cambridge, 2011. pp.146-8.
- Jos. Ant. 13.268-9; Justin 39.1.7-9; id. Prol. 39; Eus. Chron. (Smith ed.): 257; Livy Epit. 60.11.
- Appian, Syriaca 68-69
| Preceded by Demetrius II Nicator |
Seleucid King with Cleopatra Thea 126–125 BC |
Succeeded by Antiochus VIII Grypus and Cleopatra Thea |