Textual variants in the First Epistle of John

Textual variants in the First Epistle of John are the subject of the study called textual criticism of the New Testament. Textual variants in manuscripts arise when a copyist makes deliberate or inadvertent alterations to a text that is being reproduced. An abbreviated list of textual variants in this particular book is given in this article below.

Most of the variations are not significant and some common alterations include the deletion, rearrangement, repetition, or replacement of one or more words when the copyist's eye returns to a similar word in the wrong location of the original text. If their eye skips to an earlier word, they may create a repetition (error of dittography). If their eye skips to a later word, they may create an omission. They may resort to performing a rearranging of words to retain the overall meaning without compromising the context. In other instances, the copyist may add text from memory from a similar or parallel text in another location. Otherwise, they may also replace some text of the original with an alternative reading. Spellings occasionally change. Synonyms may be substituted. A pronoun may be changed into a proper noun (such as "he said" becoming "Jesus said"). John Mill's 1707 Greek New Testament was estimated to contain some 30,000 variants in its accompanying textual apparatus[1] which was based on "nearly 100 [Greek] manuscripts."[2] Peter J. Gurry puts the number of non-spelling variants among New Testament manuscripts around 500,000, though he acknowledges his estimate is higher than all previous ones.[3]

Legend

A guide to the symbols used in the body of this article.

Notable manuscripts

Notable textual variants

1 John 1:4[4]

ἡμῶν] (our) – ‭א, B, L, Ψ, 049, 69, 88, 181, 322, 326, 436, 1067, 1175, 1241, 1409, pm, Lect, itar, itp, itt(pt),, itz, vgww, vgst, copsa, geo, Ps-Oecumeniuscomm, Theophylactcomm, TRStephens 1550, WH
ὑμῶν] (your) – (see John 16:24) A, C, K, P, 056, 0142, 5, 6, 33, 81, 104, 323, 330, 442, 451, 468, 614, 629, 630, 945, 1241, 1292, 1505, 1611, 1735, 1739, 1844, 1852, 1877, 1881, 2138, 2298, 2344, 2412, 2464, 2495, Byz, l422, l598, l938, l1021, itar, itc, itdem, itdiv, itt(pt), vgcl, syrh, syrpal, copbo, arm, eth, slav, Augustine, Ps-Oecumeniustext, Bede, Theophylacttext, TRScrivener 1894 Dio
ἡμῶν ἐν ὑμῖν] syrp

1 John 1:5

αγγελια – A, B, Byz
επαγγελια – C, P, 33, 69, 81, 323, 614, 630, 945, 1241, 1505, 1739, 2495
αγαπη της επαγγελιας – Ψ

1 John 4:3[5]

τὸν Ἰησοῦν] (Jesus) – A, B, 322, 323, 945, 1241, 1739, (1881 omit τὸν), 2298, itc, itdiv, itp, itq, itz, vg, copbo, Irenaeuslat, Irenaeusaccording to 1739mg, Clementaccording to 1739mg, Tertullian1/2, Origengr, Origenlat(2/3), Lucifer Priscillian1/3, Tyconius1/3, Didymuslat, Cyril4/5, Fulgentius1/2, mssaccording to Socrates, WH
Ἰησοῦν Χριστόν] (Jesus Christ) – 629*, 1735, itar, itdem, vgmss, Tertullian1/2, Cyril1/5
τὸν Ἰησοῦν ἐν σαρκὶ ἐληλυθότα] (Jesus is come in the flesh) – Ψ, (33, 2344 ἐληλυθέναι), 81, 436, 630, 1067, 1409, 1505, 1611, 1852, 2138, (2464 omit τὸν), 2495, vgms, syrp, syrh, arm, geo, Tyconius1/3, Augustine2/16, (Theodoret)
Ἰησοῦν κύριον ἐν σαρκὶ ἐληλυθότα] (Jesus Lord is come in the flesh) – ‭א
τὸν Χριστόν (Christ) – copsa copbo(mss)
Ἰησοῦν Χριστόν ἐν σαρκὶ ἐληλυθότα] (Jesus Christ is come in the flesh) – (see 1 John 4:2) K, 056, 0142, 181, 330, (614, 2412 τὸν Χριστόν Ἰησοῦν) 629c, 1243, 1292, 1844, (1846 τὸν Χριστόν), 2127, 2492, Byzpt, Lect, (ℓ883 omit ἐν σαρκὶ), itl, eth, slav, (Polycarp), Origenlat(1/3), (Cyprian), Priscillian2/3, Tyconius1/3, (Tyconius1/3), Ambrose2/3, (Ambrose1/3), Marcus Eremitavid, Augustine9/16, (Augustine5/16), Fulgentius1/2, Ps-Oecumenius, Theophylact
τὸν Ἰησοῦν Χριστόν ἐν σαρκὶ ἐληλυθότα] (Jesus Christ is come in the flesh) – L, 049, 88, 104, 326, 451, 1175, Byzpt, ℓ590, ℓAD, TR, Dio

1 John 5:6

δι' ὕδατος καὶ αἵματος (through water and blood) – B, K, Ψ, 049, 056, 0142, 181, 330, 451, 629, 1739*, 1881, 2127, Byz, Lect, it, vg, syrp
δι' ὕδατος καὶ πνεύματος (through water and spirit) – 43, 241, 463, 945, 1241, 1831, 1877*, 1891
δι' ὕδατος καὶ πνεύματος καὶ αἵματος (through water and spirit and blood) – P, 81, 88, 442, 630, 915, 2492, arm, eth
δι' ὕδατος καὶ αἵματος καὶ πνεύματος (through water and blood and spirit) – א, A, 104, 424c, 614, 1739c, 2412, 2495, ℓ598m, syrh, copsa, copbo, Origen
δι' ὕδατος καὶ αἵματος καὶ πνεύματος ἁγίου (through water and blood and the Holy Spirit) – 61, 326, 1837

5:7b–8a

Main article: Comma Johanneum

See also

References
  1. Adam Fox, John Mill and Richard Bentley: A Study of the Textual Criticism of the New Testament 1675–1729 (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1954), pp. 105–115; John Mill, Novum Testamentum Graecum, cum lectionibus variantibus MSS (Oxford 1707)
  2. Metzger and Ehrman (2005), p.154
  3. Peter J. Gurry, "The Number of Variants in the Greek New Testament: A Proposed Estimate" New Testament Studies 62.1 (2016), p. 113
  4. Textual variants in 1 John 1. STEP Bible. Tyndale House. Cambridge, UK. Retrieved May 14, 2020.
  5. Textual variants in 1 John 4. STEP Bible. Tyndale House. Cambridge, UK. Retrieved May 14, 2020.

Further reading
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