Thomas, Count of Savoy

Thomas worked throughout his career to expand the control and influence of the County of Savoy. One of the key tools that he used was his large number of children, whom he worked to get into positions of influence in neighboring regions. In part, this was done by getting many of his sons into episcopal offices in surrounding territories, in a time when bishops had temporal as well as spiritual authority.[1] In addition to Guglielmo and Bonifacio, who made their careers in the clergy, their brother Thomas started out as a canon at Lausanne and became prévôt of Valence by 1226.[2] Pietro was also a canon at Lausanne and served as acting bishop there until he was replaced in 1231.[3] In 1219 he worked to get his daughter Beatrice married to the fourteen-year-old Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Provence. This established a close relationship between the two adjoining counties which would help cement Savoy control over trade between Italy and France.[4]

Thomas also fought many battles to expand his control. In 1215, his troops fought in an alliance with Milan against Monferrato, destroying the town of Casale.[5] In 1222, he captured Cavour.[6]

Thomas also worked through diplomatic and economic means to expand his control. The county of Savoy long enjoyed control over critical passes through the Alps. In his quest to gain more control over Turin, Thomas made an agreement with its rival Asti to reroute its French trade around Turin through Savoyard lands in a treaty on 15 September 1224. In 1226, Emperor Frederick II came to northern Italy and named Thomas Imperial Vicar of Lombardy. In this role, he mediated in a Genoese rebellion and a dispute between the town of Marseille and its bishop.[7] Thomas also made a policy of granting franchises and charters to towns on key trade routes which enabled the merchant class to develop more wealth and built support for his rule.[8]

Thomas died at Moncalieri, Savoy.

In 1195 he ambushed the party of Count William I of Geneva, which was escorting the count's daughter, Margaret of Geneva, to France for her intended wedding to King Philip II of France. Thomas carried off Margaret and married her himself, producing some eight sons and six daughters.

1. Amadeus, his immediate successor
2. Humbert, d. between March and November 1223
3. Thomas, lord and then count in Piedmont and founder of a line that became the Savoy-Achaea
4. Aymon, d. 30 August 1237, Lord of Chablais
5. William, Bishop of Valence and Dean of Vienne
6. Amadeus, Bishop of Maurienne
7. Peter, who resided much in England, became Earl of Richmond, and ultimately in 1263 became the disputed count of Savoy
8. Philip, archbishop of Lyon, who resigned, through marriage became Count Palatine of Burgundy and ultimately in 1268 became the disputed count of Savoy
9. Boniface, who became archbishop of Canterbury
10. Beatrice, d. 1265 or 1266, married in December 1219 to Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Provence (1209–1245) and was mother of four queens
11. Alice (1209–1277), abbess of the monastery of St Pierre in Lyon (1250–1277)
12. Agatha, abbess of the monastery of St Pierre in Lyon (1277) following her sister's death (d. ?)
13. Margaret, d. 1273, married in 1218 to Hartmann IV of Kyburg[9]
14. Avita (1215–92)

He had illegitimate children too:

• Aymon, who was Count of Larches, married Beatrice of Grisel
• Thomas, "the big", who was count of Lioches
• Julius

• Chevalier, J. (1889). Quarante années de l'histoire des évêques de Valence. Paris.
• Cognasso, Francesco (1968). Il Piemonte nell’Età Sveva. Turin.
• Cognasso, Francesco (1940). Tommaso I ed Amedeo IV. Turin.
• Cox, Eugene L. (1974). The Eagles of Savoy. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0691052166.
• Vaillant, P. (1960). "La Politique d'affranchisement des comtes de Savoie (1195-1401)". Études historiques à la mémoire de Noël Didier. Paris.