Timeline of Nizhny Novgorod

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.

Prior to 20th century

1221 – Nizhny Novgorod "founded by Vladimir princes as outpost against Mordvinians and Volga Bulgars."[1]
1227 – Cathedral of St. Michael the Archangel (Nizhny Novgorod) built.
1330 – Pechersky Ascension Monastery founded (approximate date).
1370 – Convent of the Annunciation founded.[2]
1393 – Nizhny Novgorod becomes part of the Grand Duchy of Moscow.[1]
1515 – Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin built.
1631 – Cathedral of St. Michael the Archangel (Nizhny Novgorod) rebuilt.
1719 – Stroganov church built.[1]
1817 – Annual Makaryev Fair begins.[1]
1822 – Old Fair Church of the Transfiguration (Nizhny Novgorod) built.
1849 – Nizhny Novgorod Machine Factory established.
1862 – Nizhny Novgorod railway station opens.
1867 – Population: 40,742.[3]
1881 – Population: 57,530.[4]
1884 – 7 July: Ethnic unrest.[5]
1896 – All-Russia Exhibition 1896 held; Shukhov Rotunda built.
1897 – Population: 98,503.

20th century

1909 – Kozma Minin newspaper begins publication.
1913 – Population: 112,300.[6]
1917 – Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University founded.
1918 – N. I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod[7] and Nizhny Novgorod Radio Laboratory established.
1920 – Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy established.
1926 – Population: 222,356.[1]
1929
- Shukhov Towers erected.
- Nizhny Novgorod Oblast created.[7]
- Sormovo becomes part of city.[1]
1931 – Avtozavodsky City District established.
1932
- City renamed "Gorky."[7]
- Gorky Automobile Plant established.[8]
- Lokomotiv Stadium opens.
1939 – Population: 644,116.[1]
1941-1943 – Bombing of Gorky.
1946 – Russian Federal Nuclear Center established.[9]
1963 – FC Volga Nizhny Novgorod (football club) formed.
1965
- Bor bridge built.
- Population: 1,085,000.[10]
1970 – Sovetsky City District established.
1979 – Population: 1,367,000.[11]
1985 – Nizhny Novgorod Metro begins operating.[7]
1989 – Population: 1,438,133.
1990 – Nizhny Novgorod Chamber of Commerce established.[7]
1991 – Boris Nemtsov becomes governor of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast.[7]
1992 – GAZ privatized.[12]
1994
- Nizhny Novgorod International Airport in operation.[7]
- Ivan Petrovich Sklyarov becomes mayor.[13]
2000 – City becomes part of the Volga Federal District.

21st century

2002 – Burevestnik (Nizhny Novgorod Metro) opens.
2010 – Population: 1,250,619.
2012 – Nizhny Novgorod cable car to Bor begins operating.
2016 – 70th Anniversary of Victory Plant built.
2017 – Bor bridge II built.

References

Leon E. Seltzer, ed. (1952), "Gorki", Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 698, OL 6112221M
Baedeker 1914.
George Ripley; Charles A. Dana, eds. (1879). "Nizhni Novgorod". American Cyclopedia (2nd ed.). New York: D. Appleton and Company.
"Russia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1885.
Jewish Encyclopedia 1907.
"Russia: Principal Towns: European Russia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921.
Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia 2003. Europa Publications. 2002. ISBN 978-1-85743-137-7.
Austin 2004.
"Organizations". International Relations and Security Network. Switzerland: Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich. Retrieved 30 March 2015.
"Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966. Gorky
Henry W. Morton and Robert C. Stuart, ed. (1984). The Contemporary Soviet City. New York: M.E. Sharpe. p. 4. ISBN 978-0-87332-248-5.
"Turin meets Detroit—on the Volga", The Economist, 5 March 1998
Robert W. Orttung, ed. (2000). Republics and Regions of the Russian Federation: A Guide to Politics, Policies, and Leaders. M.E. Sharpe. ISBN 978-0-7656-0559-7.

This article incorporates information from the Russian Wikipedia.

Bibliography

Abraham Rees (1819), "Niznei Novgorod", The Cyclopaedia, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown – via Hathi Trust
John Geddie (1885). "Nishni-Novgorod". Russian Empire: its Rise and Progress. London: T. Nelson.
"Nijni-Novgorod", Hand-book for Travellers in Russia, Poland, and Finland (4th ed.), London: J. Murray, 1888
"Nijni-Novgorod", Jewish Encyclopedia, 9, New York, 1907
"Nizhniy-Novgorod", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424
"Nizhni-Novgorod", Russia, Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1914, OCLC 1328163
William Henry Beable (1919), "Nijni-Novgorod", Russian Gazetteer and Guide, London: Russian Outlook
Trudy Ring, ed. (1995). "Nizhny Novgorod". International Dictionary of Historic Places: Northern Europe. Fitzroy Dearborn. p. 541. ISBN 978-1-136-63944-9.
Richard Cartwright Austin (2004). Building Utopia: Erecting Russia's First Modern City, 1930. Kent State University Press. ISBN 978-0-87338-730-9. (About Nizhny Novgorod)
Catherine Evtuhov (2006). "Nizhnii Novgorod in the 19th century". In Dominic Lieven (ed.). Imperial Russia, 1689–1917. Cambridge History of Russia. Cambridge University Press. p. 264+. ISBN 978-0-521-81529-1.

External links

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[seltzer1952-1] Leon E. Seltzer, ed. (1952), "Gorki", Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 698, OL 6112221M

[FOOTNOTEBaedeker1914-2] Baedeker 1914.

[ripley1879-3] George Ripley; Charles A. Dana, eds. (1879). "Nizhni Novgorod". American Cyclopedia (2nd ed.). New York: D. Appleton and Company.

[4] "Russia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1885.

[FOOTNOTEJewish_Encyclopedia1907-5] Jewish Encyclopedia 1907.

[6] "Russia: Principal Towns: European Russia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921.

[europa2002-7] Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia 2003. Europa Publications. 2002. ISBN 978-1-85743-137-7.

[FOOTNOTEAustin2004-8] Austin 2004.

[ISN-9] "Organizations". International Relations and Security Network. Switzerland: Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich. Retrieved 30 March 2015.

[10] "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966. Gorky

[Morton1984-11] Henry W. Morton and Robert C. Stuart, ed. (1984). The Contemporary Soviet City. New York: M.E. Sharpe. p. 4. ISBN 978-0-87332-248-5.

[12] "Turin meets Detroit—on the Volga", The Economist, 5 March 1998

[Orttung2000-13] Robert W. Orttung, ed. (2000). Republics and Regions of the Russian Federation: A Guide to Politics, Policies, and Leaders. M.E. Sharpe. ISBN 978-0-7656-0559-7.

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