Tzora

Tzora (Hebrew: צָרְעָה‎) is a kibbutz in central Israel. Located about 20 km from Jerusalem, near the city of Beit Shemesh, it falls under the jurisdiction of Mateh Yehuda Regional Council. In 2019 it had a population of 930.[1]

Tzora

צָרְעָה‎
تسورعة
Kibbutz Tzora as seen from Zorah Mountain
Tzora
Coordinates: 31°45′51″N 34°58′2″E
CountryIsrael
DistrictJerusalem
CouncilMateh Yehuda
AffiliationKibbutz Movement
Founded1948 (Israeli kibbutz)
Population
 (2019)[1]
930
Websitewww.tzora.co.il

Etymology

The kibbutz is named for the biblical village of Tzora,[2] which may have been a Canaanite town.[3] The name was taken from the Biblical Book of Judges (13:25): "And the spirit of the Lord began to move him (Samson) at times in the camp of Dan between Zorah and Eshtaol."

The kibbutz's name is also similar to, and is related to that of the nearby and depopulated Palestinian village of Sar'a.

History

Biblical era

Tzora is located about 2km south-west of Tel Tzora, which is where the Palestinian village of Sar'a stood until it was depopulated during the 1948 war. Tel Tzora is the likely location of the biblical village of Zorah.[4]

Second Temple era

A ritual bath dating back to the Second Temple Period was discovered near Tzora kibbutz during an archaeological excavation conducted by the Israel Antiquities Authority in 2011.[5]

Modern era

The kibbutz was founded in December 1948 by former Palmach members. It is located on the land of the depopulated Palestinian village of Dayr Aban.[6]

In the 1980s a ham radio club operated under the call 4Z4YJ.[7][8] In the early 2000s, Tzora underwent a privatization of its communal living structure, with a community tax levied on income and the residual retained as income by members. In April 2008, the kibbutz was fully privatized.

Economy

One of the main branches of the kibbutz economy was Tzora Furniture Ltd., which began in 1957 as a metal factory. At first, the company produced bicycles, but in 1974 it began to manufacture office chairs, before moving on to a full range of office furniture. However, the factory burned down in July 2007. [9] In 1993, Tzora opened the first kibbutz winery, Tzora Vineyards,[10] which produces 80,000 bottles of wine a year, of which 15,000 are exported.[11] Tzora is also home to the Teperberg Winery.[12] Tzora operates a dairy in partnership with Tzova and Netiv HaLamed-Heh.[13] Tzora Active Systems produce advanced lightweight wheelchairs.[14]

Notable residents
  • View of fledgling kibbutz from the road to Jerusalem
  • Construction of first cabins, 1948
  • First buildings, 1948
  • Kibbutz goat herd in its early days
  • Kibbutz Tzora seen from Tzora Forest
  • Kibbutz Tzora

References
  1. "Population in the Localities 2019" (XLS). Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 16 August 2020.
  2. Guillaume, Philippe (21 April 2004). Waiting for Josiah: the Judges - Google Books. ISBN 9780826469885. Retrieved 2011-07-17.
  3. Cooke, G. A. (January 2007). The Book of Judges & the Book of ... - Google Books. ISBN 9781406788419. Retrieved 2011-07-17.
  4. Conder and Kitchener, Survey of Western Palestine (vol. III), London 1883, p. 26
  5. Ritual bath dating to the Second Temple Period discovered near Kibbutz Zor'a, 20 October 2011, accessed 13 November 2016
  6. Khalidi, Walid (1992). All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948. Washington D.C.: Institute for Palestine Studies. p. 283. ISBN 0-88728-224-5.
  7. http://www.cqww.com/cq-ww-ssb-2009-logs/ee2w/ee2w.log
  8. "Callsign 4Z4YJ". Qrz.com. 2011-02-20. Retrieved 2011-07-17.
  9. "Tzora". Tzora-global.com. Archived from the original on 2011-07-17. Retrieved 2011-07-17.
  10. "Tzora Vineyards - Israeli Wine and Wineries, Israel tours, Israel Travel Tourism, private tour Israel". Gemsinisrael.com. Archived from the original on 2011-07-22. Retrieved 2011-07-17.
  11. Boutique revolution puts Israeli wines on world map Best Vintage
  12. Rogov, Daniel (February 10, 2011). "Teperberg 1870: My Annual Visit - With Tasting Notes".
  13. Mazrier, H; Tal, S; Aizinbud, E; Bargai, U (2006). "A field investigation of the use of the pedometer for the early detection of lameness in cattle". Can Vet J. 47 (9): 883–6. PMC 1555681. PMID 17017653.
  14. "Tzora Active Systems website". Tzora.com. Retrieved 2011-07-17.
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