USA-126
USA-126, also known as GPS IIA-17, GPS II-26 and GPS SVN-40, is an American navigation satellite which forms part of the Global Positioning System. It was the seventeenth of nineteen Block IIA GPS satellites to be launched.
| Names | Navstar 2A-17 GPS IIA-17 GPS II-26 GPS SVN-40 |
|---|---|
| Mission type | Navigation |
| Operator | U.S. Air Force |
| COSPAR ID | 1996-041A [1] |
| SATCAT no. | 23953 |
| Mission duration | 7.5 years (planned) 19.5 years (achieved) |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft | GPS IIA |
| Spacecraft type | GPS Block IIA [2] |
| Manufacturer | Rockwell International |
| Launch mass | 840 kg (1,850 lb) |
| Dimensions | 5.3 m (17 ft) of long |
| Power | 710 watts |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 16 July 1996, 00:50:00 UTC |
| Rocket | Delta II 7925-9.5 (Delta D237) |
| Launch site | Cape Canaveral, LC-17A |
| Entered service | 15 August 1996 |
| End of mission | |
| Disposal | Graveyard orbit |
| Deactivated | 11 March 2016 |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric orbit [3] |
| Regime | Medium Earth orbit (Semi-synchronous) |
| Slot | E3 (slot 3 plane E) |
| Perigee altitude | 20,272 km (12,596 mi) |
| Apogee altitude | 20,365 km (12,654 mi) |
| Inclination | 55.03° |
| Period | 723.60 minutes |
Background
Global Positioning System (GPS) was developed by the U.S. Department of Defense to provide all-weather round-the-clock navigation capabilities for military ground, sea, and air forces. Since its implementation, GPS has also become an integral asset in numerous civilian applications and industries around the globe, including recreational used (e.g., boating, aircraft, hiking), corporate vehicle fleet tracking, and surveying. GPS employs 24 spacecraft in 20,200 km circular orbits inclined at 55.0°. These vehicles are placed in 6 orbit planes with four operational satellites in each plane.[1]
GPS Block 2 was the operational system, following the demonstration system composed of Block 1 (Navstar 1 - 11) spacecraft. These spacecraft were 3-axis stabilized, nadir pointing using reaction wheels. Dual solar arrays supplied 710 watts of power. They used S-band (SGLS) communications for control and telemetry and Ultra high frequency (UHF) cross-link between spacecraft. The payload consisted of two L-band navigation signals at 1575.42 MHz (L1) and 1227.60 MHz (L2). Each spacecraft carried 2 rubidium and 2 Cesium clocks and nuclear detonation detection sensors. Built by Rockwell Space Systems for the U.S. Air force, the spacecraft measured 5.3 m across with solar panels deployed and had a design life of 7.5 years.[1]
Launch
USA-126 was launched at 00:50:00 UTC on 16 July 1996, atop a Delta II launch vehicle, flight number D237, flying in the 7925-9.5 configuration.[4] The launch took place from Launch Complex 17A (LC-17A) at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS),[5] and placed USA-126 into a transfer orbit. The satellite raised itself into medium Earth orbit using a Star-37XFP apogee motor.[2]
Mission
On 15 August 1996, USA-126 was in an orbit with a perigee of 20,272 km (12,596 mi), an apogee of 20,365 km (12,654 mi), a period of 723.60 minutes, and 55.03° of inclination to the equator.[3] It broadcasts the PRN 10 signal, and operates in slot 3 of plane E of the GPS constellation.[6] The satellite has a mass of 840 kg (1,850 lb). It had a design life of 7.5 years,[2] however, it was kept in service for over 18 years before finally decommissioned from service on 16 July 2015.[7]
Following decommissioning, it was subsequently placed in a disposal orbit approximately 1000 km above the operational constellation on 11 March 2016.[8]
References
- "Display: Navstar 2A-17 1996-041A". NASA. 14 May 2020. Retrieved 20 December 2020.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain. - Krebs, Gunter. "GPS-2A (Navstar-2A)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 10 July 2012.
- "Trajectory: Navstar 2A-17 1996-041A". NASA. 14 May 2020. Retrieved 20 December 2020. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch Log". Jonathan's Space Report. Retrieved 11 July 2012.
- McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch List". Launch Vehicle Database. Jonathan's Space Report. Retrieved 11 July 2012.
- Wade, Mark. "Navstar". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Retrieved 10 July 2012.
- "NOTICE ADVISORY TO NAVSTAR USERS (NANU) 2015069". United States Coast Guard. Retrieved 21 March 2016. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "50 SW to dispose of two GPS satellites". United States Air Force. Retrieved 21 March 2016. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.