1997 in spaceflight

This article outlines notable events occurring in 1997 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.

1997 in spaceflight
Launch of the Cassini and Huygens spacecraft on a Titan IVB
Orbital launches
First12 January
Last24 December
Total89
Successes83
Failures3
Partial failures3
Catalogued86
National firsts
Satellite Philippines
Rockets
Maiden flightsM-V
Titan IVB
VLS-1
Taepodong-1
RetirementsAtlas I
Crewed flights
Orbital10
Total travellers51

Launches

Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)
Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC) Outcome
Remarks

January

12 January
09:27
Space Shuttle Atlantis Kennedy LC-39B United Space Alliance
STS-81 NASA Low Earth (Mir) Shuttle-Mir flight22 January
14:23
Successful
SpaceHab LDM NASA/SpaceHab Low Earth (Atlantis) Logistics
Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts
15 January R-29 Submarine, Barents Sea Russian Navy
Russian Navy Suborbital Missile test15 JanuarySuccessful
17 January
01:17
LGM-30F Minuteman II Vandenberg LF-03 US Air Force
IFT-1 (EKV) US Air Force Suborbital ABM target17 JanuarySuccessful
17 January
16:28
Delta II 7925-9.5 Cape Canaveral LC-17A Boeing IDS
GPS IIR-1 US Air Force Intended: Medium Earth Navigation+12 secondsLaunch Failure
SRB structural failure caused rocket to explode; First flight of GPS Block IIR satellite
29 January Storm-2 White Sands LC-32 Orbital Sciences
MTTV US Air Force Suborbital Target spacecraft29 JanuaryFailure
MTD-2 US Air Force Suborbital Weapons test
30 January SR19 C-130, NAS Point Mugu US Air Force
AltAir (Have Gold) US Air Force Suborbital Test flight+28 secondsLaunch Failure
Accidentally destroyed by range safety
30 January
07:30
S-520 Uchinoura Pad K ISAS
ISAS Suborbital Technology development30 JanuarySuccessful
30 January
08:42
LGM-30G Minuteman III Vandenberg LF-26 US Air Force
FOT GT163GB US Air Force Suborbital Missile test30 JanuarySuccessful
30 January
22:04
Ariane 4 (44L) Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace
GE 2 GE Americom Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Nahuel 1A Nahuelsa Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
31 January
01:55
MR-12 Kapustin Yar AN RF
Flaksus-1 APL Suborbital Plasma research31 JanuarySuccessful

February

5 February
02:16
MR-12 Kapustin Yar AN RF
Flaksus-2 APL Suborbital Plasma research5 FebruarySuccessful
7 February R-17 Scud Bigen Island, Aur Atoll US Air Force
Willow Dune US Air Force Suborbital Target7 FebruarySuccessful
10 February
05:17
Black Brant XII Poker Flat NASA
PHAZE 2 NASA Suborbital Ionosphere research10 FebruarySuccessful
10 February
06:30
Castor- Orbus Nevada Test Site LA-26 Sandia
Sandia Suborbital Rocket test10 FebruarySuccessful
10 February
14:09
Soyuz-U Baikonur Site 1/5 Roskosmos
Soyuz TM-25 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Mir EO-2314 August
12:17
Successful
Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts
11 February
08:36
Black Brant XII Poker Flat NASA
Auroral Turbulance 2 NASA Suborbital Auroral/Ionosphere research11 FebruarySuccessful
11 February
08:55
Space Shuttle Discovery Kennedy LC-39A United Space Alliance
STS-82 NASA Low Earth (HST) Hubble Servicing Mission 221 February
08:32
Successful
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
12 February
04:50
M-V Uchinoura ISAS
HALCA (MUSES-B) ISAS Medium Earth AstronomyIn orbitSuccessful
Maiden flight of M-V; Mission concluded in November 2005
12 February
21:00
LCLV Wallops Island Orbital Sciences
MDT IV Suborbital Target12 FebruarySuccessful
14 February
03:47
Tsyklon-3 Plesetsk Site 32
Gonets-D1 Gonets SatCom Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Gonets-D1 Gonets SatCom Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Gonets-D1 Gonets SatCom Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Kosmos 2337 (Strela-3) MO RF Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Kosmos 2338 (Strela-3) MO RF Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Kosmos 2339 (Strela-3) MO RF Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
17 February
01:42
Atlas IIAS Cape Canaveral LC-36B International Launch Services
JCSAT-4 JSAT Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
20 February UGM-96 Trident I Submarine, Eastern Range US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test20 FebruarySuccessful
20 February UGM-96 Trident I Submarine, Eastern Range US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test20 FebruarySuccessful
20 February UGM-96 Trident I Submarine, Eastern Range US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test20 FebruarySuccessful
20 February UGM-96 Trident I Submarine, Eastern Range US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test20 FebruarySuccessful
22 February Castor 4B Wake Island Orbital Sciences
TCMP II Suborbital Re-entry vehicle test22 FebruarySuccessful
23 February Prithvi Balasore DRDO
DRDO Suborbital Missile test23 FebruarySuccessful
23 February
10:06
LCLV Wallops Island Orbital Sciences
MDT III Suborbital Target23 FebruarySuccessful
23 February
20:20
Titan IVB (402)/IUS Cape Canaveral LC-40 Lockheed Martin
USA-130 (DSP F18) US Air Force Geosynchronous Early warningIn orbitOperational
Maiden flight of Titan IVB
26 February
20:00
Black Brant IX White Sands NASA
NASA Suborbital Rocket test26 FebruarySuccessful

March

1 March Castor 4B Wake Island OrbitalSciences
TCMP II Suborbital Re-entry vehicle test1 MarchSuccessful
1 March
01:07
Ariane 4 (44P) Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace
Intelsat 801 Intelsat Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
4 March
02:00
Start-1 Svobodniy Site 5
Zeya MO RF Low Earth Communications25 October 1999Successful
6 March Hera White Sands LC-94 US Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital ABM Target6 MarchSuccessful
6 March THAAD White Sands US Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital ABM Interceptor6 MarchSuccessful
8 March
06:01
Atlas IIA Cape Canaveral LC-36A International Launch Services
Tempo 2 TCI Current: Graveyard
Operational: Geosynchronous
CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Suffered damage from a solar flare in April 1997 and was retired on 15 August 2006.
13 March
10:20
Black Brant IX Poker Flat NASA
NASA Suborbital Ionosphere research13 MarchSuccessful
18 March
00:16
UGM-133 Trident II Submarine, Eastern Range US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test18 MarchSuccessful
18 March UGM-133 Trident II Submarine, Eastern Range US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test18 MarchSuccessful
19 March R-17 Scud Bigen Island, Aur Atoll US Air Force
Willow Dune US Air Force Suborbital Target19 MarchSuccessful
25 March
03:15
Black Brant IX White Sands LC-36 NASA
NASA Suborbital Ultraviolet astronomy25 MarchSuccessful
Studied Hale-Bopp comet
30 March
03:25
Black Brant IX White Sands LC-36 NASA
EUVS NASA Suborbital Ultraviolet astronomy30 MarchSuccessful

April

4 April
16:47
Titan 23G Vandenberg SLC-4W Lockheed Martin
USA-131 (DMSP 5D2 F14) US Air Force/NOAA Sun-synchronous MeteorologyIn orbitSuccessful
4 April
19:20
Space Shuttle Columbia Kennedy LC-39A United Space Alliance
STS-83 NASA Low Earth Microgravity research8 April
18:33
Partial Failure
Spacelab Long Module 1 NASA Low Earth (Columbia) Spacelab MSL-1
EDO Pallet NASA Low Earth (Columbia) Cryogenic mission extension pallet
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
Fuel cell failure caused the flight to be aborted. Re-flown as STS-94 later the same year.
6 April
03:25
Black Brant IX White Sands LC-36 NASA
NASA Suborbital 6 AprilSuccessful
6 April
16:04
Soyuz-U Baikonur Site 1/5 Roskosmos
Progress M-34 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics2 July
06:31
Partial Failure
Collided with Mir during rendezvous tests on 25 June, heavily damaging the station and permanently depressurizing the Spektr module.
8 April
03:55
Black Brant IX White Sands LC-36 NASA
WISP NASA Suborbital Ultraviolet astronomy8 AprilSuccessful
9 April
08:58
Molniya-M Plesetsk Site 16/2
Kosmos 2340 (Oko) MO RF Molniya Early warningIn orbitOperational
16 April
23:08
Ariane 4 (44LP) Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace
Thaicom 3 Thaicom Geosynchronous Communications2 October 2006Successful
BSAT-1A BSAT Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Thaicom 3 deorbited after suffering severe power degradation.[1]
17 April R-36M Baikonur RVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test17 AprilSuccessful
17 April
13:03
Kosmos-3M Plesetsk Site 132/1
Kosmos 2341 (Parus) MO RF Low Earth NavigationIn orbitOperational
21 April
11:59
Pegasus-XL Stargazer, Gando Orbital Sciences
Minisat-01 INTA Low Earth Technology development26 February 2002Successful
Celestis Founders Celestis Low Earth Space burial20 May 2002Successful
25 April
05:49
Atlas I Cape Canaveral LC-36B International Launch Services
GOES 10 (GOES-K) NOAA Geosynchronous
Graveyard (after retirement)
MeteorologyIn orbitSuccessful
Final flight of Atlas I, satellite retired and boosted to graveyard orbit on 1 December 2009.[2]
28 April
16:42
VS-30 Alcântara INPE
AL-VS30-223 DLR Suborbital Test rocket28 AprilSuccessful
30 April RH-560/300 Mk.II Sriharikota ISRO
ISRO Suborbital Test rocket30 AprilSuccessful

May

2 May
07:30
Black Brant IX White Sands LC-36 NASA
NASA Suborbital X-ray Astronomy2 MaySuccessful
5 May
14:55
Delta II (7920-10C) Vandenberg SLC-2W Boeing IDS
Iridium 8 Iridium Low Earth Communications24 November 2017[4]Successful
Iridium 7 Iridium Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Iridium 6 Iridium Low Earth Communications23 December 2017[6]Successful
Iridium 5 Iridium Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Iridium 4 Iridium Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
8 May
07:10
Black Brant IX White Sands LC-36 NASA
NASA Suborbital Astronomy8 MaySuccessful
8 May
08:01
LGM-118 Peacekeeper Vandenberg LF-05 US Air Force
9 re-entry vehicles US Air Force Suborbital Missile test8 MaySuccessful
11 May
16:17
Long March 3A Xichang LC-2
Zhongxing-6 (Chinasat-6) Chinasat Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
14 May
00:33
Molniya-M Plesetsk Site 43/4
Kosmos 2342 (Oko) MO RF Molniya Early warningIn orbitOperational
15 May
08:07
Space Shuttle Atlantis Kennedy LC-39A United Space Alliance
STS-84 NASA Low Earth (Mir) Shuttle-Mir flight24 May
13:27
Successful
SpaceHab LDM NASA/SpaceHab Low Earth (Atlantis) Logistics
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
15 May
12:10
Soyuz-U Baikonur Site 31/6
Kosmos 2343 MO RF Low Earth Reconnaissance18 SeptemberSuccessful
15 May
19:16
Black Brant IX White Sands LC-36 NASA
NCAR/CU-6 NASA Suborbital Ultraviolet astronomy/Solar observation15 MaySuccessful
20 May
07:07
Zenit-2 Baikonur Site 45/1
Tselina-2 VKS Intended: Low Earth ELINT+ 48 secondsLaunch Failure
Stage 1 engine failure
20 May
22:39
Delta II 7925-9.5 Cape Canaveral LC-17A Boeing IDS
Thor-2 Telenor Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
21 May
08:27
LGM-30G Minuteman III Vandenberg LF-04 US Air Force
FOT GT164GM/SHARP US Air Force Suborbital Missile and re-entry vehicle test21 MaySuccessful
23 May
21:44
Terrier- Orion Wallops Island NASA
MSX SMDC Suborbital Target23 MaySuccessful
24 May
17:00
Proton-K/DM-2M Baikonur Site 81/23 International Launch Services
Telstar 5 Loral Skynet Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
29 May
04:56
Black Brant IX White Sands LC-36 NASA
NASA Suborbital Radio astronomy29 MaySuccessful
30 May UGM-133 Trident II Submarine, Eastern Range US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test30 MaySuccessful

June

3 June
23:20
Ariane 4 (44L) Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace
Inmarsat 3F4 Inmarsat Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
INSAT 2D ISRO Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitSpacecraft Failure
Insat 2D declared a total loss on 4 October 1997.
6 June
16:56
Proton-K/17S40 Baikonur Site 200/39
Kosmos 2344 (Arkon) MO RF Medium Earth ReconnaissanceIn orbitOperational
10 June UR-100NU Baikonur RVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test10 JuneSuccessful
10 June
12:01
Long March 3 Xichang LC-1
Feng Yun 2A CASC Geosynchronous MeteorologyIn orbitSpacecraft Failure
Halted transmitting data in April 1998, resumed transmission but imaging system failed later that year in September.
18 June
14:02
LGM-30G Minuteman III Vandenberg LF-10 US Air Force
FOT GT165GM US Air Force Suborbital Missile test18 JuneSuccessful
18 June
14:02
Proton-K/17S40 Baikonur Site 81/23
Iridium 14 Iridium Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSpacecraft Failure
Iridium 12 Iridium Low Earth Communications2 September 2018[8]Successful
Iridium 9 Iridium Low Earth Communications11 March 2003Spacecraft Failure
Iridium 10 Iridium Low Earth Communications6 October 2018[10]Successful
Iridium 13 Iridium Low Earth Communications29 April 2018[12]Successful
Iridium 16 Iridium Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Iridium 11 Iridium Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSpacecraft Failure
24 June
03:39
LGM-30F Minuteman II Vandenberg LF-03 US Air Force
MSLS IFT-1A US Air Force Suborbital ABM target24 JunePartial Failure
Some decoys failed to deploy
24 June
04:00
Payload Launch Vehicle Meck Island, Kwajalein Orbital Sciences
IFT-1A EKV US Air Force Suborbital ABM Test24 JunePartial Failure
Poor system performance; Non-destructive flyby
25 June
23:44
Ariane 4 (44P) Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace
Intelsat 802 Intelsat Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitOperational

July

1 July
18:02
Space Shuttle Columbia Kennedy LC-39A United Space Alliance
STS-94 NASA Low Earth Microgravity research17 July
10:40
Successful
Spacelab Long Module 1 NASA Low Earth (Columbia) Spacelab MSL-1
EDO Pallet NASA Low Earth (Columbia) Cryogenic mission extension pallet
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts, reflight of STS-83
Final flight of Spacelab Long Module 1
5 July
04:11
Soyuz-U Baikonur Site 1/5 Roskosmos
Progress M-35 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics7 October
17:23
Successful
8 July
12:25
RT-2PM Topol Plesetsk Site 158 RVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test8 JulySuccessful
9 July KSR-II Anhueng KARI
KARI Suborbital X-ray astronomy/Ionosphere research9 JulySuccessful
9 July
13:04
Delta II 7920-10C Vandenberg SLC-2W Boeing IDS
Iridium 15 Iridium Low Earth Communications14 October 2018[14]Successful
Iridium 17 Iridium Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Iridium 20 Iridium Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSpacecraft Failure
Iridium 18 Iridium Low Earth Communications19 August 2018[16]Successful
Iridium 21 Iridium Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSpacecraft Failure
23 July R-29 Submarine, Barents Sea Russian Navy
Russian Navy Suborbital Missile test23 JulySuccessful
23 July
03:42
Delta II 7925-9.5 Cape Canaveral LC-17A Boeing IDS
USA-132 (GPS IIR-2) US Air Force Medium Earth NavigationIn orbitOperational
28 July
01:15
Atlas IIAS Cape Canaveral LC-36B International Launch Services
Superbird C SCC Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitOperational

August

1 August
20:20
Pegasus-XL Stargazer, Vandenberg Orbital Sciences
Orbview-2 GeoEye Low Earth Earth imagingIn orbitOperational
5 August
15:35
Soyuz-U Baikonur Site 1/5 Roskosmos
Soyuz TM-26 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Mir EO-2419 February 1998
09:10
Successful
Crewed orbital flight with two cosmonauts
7 August
14:41
Space Shuttle Discovery Kennedy LC-39A United Space Alliance
STS-85 NASA Low Earth Space sciences19 August
11:08
Successful
CRISTA-SPAS-2 DLR/NASA Low Earth Atmospheric research
MFD NASDA Low Earth (Discovery) Dextrous RMS demonstration
Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts
CRISTA-SPAS deployed 7 August and retrieved 16 August
8 August
06:46
Ariane 4 (44LP) Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace
PAS 6 PanAmSat Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitSpacecraft Failure
Spacecraft failure occurred in April 2004
8 August
13:19
Super Loki Wallops Island NASA
NASA Suborbital Aeronomy research8 AugustSuccessful
8 August
13:24
Terrier-Orion Wallops Island NASA
COORS NASA Suborbital Ionosphere/Aeronomy research8 AugustFailure
8 August
16:29
Black Brant VC White Sands NASA
NASA Suborbital Ionosphere/Aeronomy research8 AugustSuccessful
9 August
13:29
Super Loki Wallops Island NASA
NASA Suborbital Aeronomy research9 AugustSuccessful
9 August
22:57
Super Loki Wallops Island NASA
NASA Suborbital Aeronomy research9 AugustSuccessful
10 August
13:36
Viper Wallops Island NASA
NASA Suborbital Aeronomy research10 AugustSuccessful
10 August
21:30
Super Loki Wallops Island NASA
NASA Suborbital Aeronomy research10 AugustSuccessful
11 August
13:38
Super Loki Wallops Island NASA
NASA Suborbital Aeronomy research11 AugustSuccessful
11 August
13:43
Viper Wallops Island NASA
NASA Suborbital Aeronomy research11 AugustSuccessful
11 August
18:18
Black Brant IX White Sands NASA
NASA Suborbital Ultraviolet astronomy11 AugustSuccessful
11 August
21:34
Super Loki Wallops Island NASA
NASA Suborbital Aeronomy research11 AugustSuccessful
12 August
12:10
Super Loki Wallops Island NASA
NASA Suborbital Aeronomy research12 AugustSuccessful
12 August
12:15
Viper Wallops Island NASA
NASA Suborbital Aeronomy research12 AugustSuccessful
12 August
12:26
Super Loki Wallops Island NASA
NASA Suborbital Aeronomy research12 AugustSuccessful
12 August
21:41
Super Loki Wallops Island NASA
NASA Suborbital Aeronomy research12 AugustSuccessful
13 August
13:50
Super Loki Wallops Island NASA
NASA Suborbital Aeronomy research13 AugustSuccessful
13 August
13:55
Super Loki Wallops Island NASA
NASA Suborbital Aeronomy research13 AugustSuccessful
13 August
21:40
Super Loki Wallops Island NASA
NASA Suborbital 13 AugustSuccessful
14 August
12:22
Super Loki Wallops Island NASA
NASA Suborbital Aeronomy research14 AugustSuccessful
14 August
12:27
Viper Wallops Island NASA
NASA Suborbital Aeronomy research14 AugustSuccessful
14 August
20:49
Proton-K/DM-2 Baikonur Site 200/39
Kosmos 2345 (Prognoz) MO RF Geosynchronous Early warningIn orbitSuccessful
Retired on 1 January 1999
14 August
21:53
Viper Wallops Island NASA
NASA Suborbital Aeronomy research14 AugustSuccessful
15 August
10:58
Viper Wallops Island NASA
NASA Suborbital Aeronomy research15 AugustSuccessful
15 August
20:25
Super Loki Wallops Island NASA
NASA Suborbital Aeronomy research15 AugustSuccessful
19 August
17:50
Long March 3B Xichang LC-2
Agila 2 MPSC Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
21 August
00:38
Delta II 7920-10C Vandenberg SLC-2W Boeing IDS
Iridium 26 Iridium Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Iridium 25 Iridium Low Earth Communications14 May 2018[18]Successful
Iridium 24 Iridium Low Earth Communications11 May 2019[20]Spacecraft Failure
Iridium 23 Iridium Low Earth Communications28 March 2018[22]Successful
Iridium 22 Iridium Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
23 August
06:51
LMLV-1 (Athena I) Vandenberg SLC-6 Lockheed Martin
Lewis NASA Low Earth Earth observation29 SeptemberSpacecraft failure
Control lost within three days of launch due to RCS design flaw.[23]
25 August
14:39
Delta II 7920-8 Cape Canaveral LC-17A Boeing IDS
ACE NASA Earth/Sun L1 point Magnetospheric researchIn orbitOperational
28 August
00:33
Proton-K/DM-2M Baikonur Site 81/23 International Launch Services
PAS 5 PanAmSat Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
29 August
15:02
Pegasus-XL Stargazer, Vandenberg Orbital Sciences
FORTE US Air Force Low Earth Ionosphere researchIn orbitOperational

September

1 September
14:00
Long March 2C Taiyuan LC-1 CASC
Iridium MFS-1 Iridium Low Earth Boilerplate spacecraftIn orbitSuccessful
Iridium MFS-2 Iridium Low Earth Boilerplate spacecraftIn orbitSuccessful
2 September
07:00
Terrier-Orion Anna Plains NASA
DUNDEE 1 NASA Suborbital Target2 SeptemberSuccessful
2 September
22:21
Ariane 4 (44LP) Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace
Hot Bird 3 Eutelsat Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Meteosat 7 Eumetsat Geosynchronous MeteorologyIn orbitOperational
4 September
12:03
Atlas IIAS Cape Canaveral LC-36A International Launch Services
GE 3 GE Americom Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
5 September
04:00
Terrier=Orion Anna Plains NASA
DUNDEE 2 NASA Suborbital Target5 SeptemberSuccessful
10 September
02:00
Terrier-Orion Anna Plains NASA
DUNDEE 3 NASA Suborbital Target10 SeptemberSuccessful
10 September
14:40
Black Brant IX White Sands NASA
NASA Suborbital Test rocket10 SeptemberSuccessful
10 September
15:10
Black Brant IX White Sands NASA
NASA Suborbital Microgravity research10 SeptemberSuccessful
11 September
20:15
Terrier-Orion Anna Plains NASA
DUNDEE 4 NASA Suborbital Target11 SeptemberSuccessful
14 September
01:36
Proton-K/17S40 Baikonur Site 81/23
Iridium 29 Iridium Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Iridium 32 Iridium Low Earth Communications10 March 2019[25]Successful
Iridium 33 Iridium Low Earth Communications10 February 2009Partial Failure
Iridium 27 Iridium Low Earth Communications1 February 2002Spacecraft Failure
Iridium 28 Iridium Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Iridium 30 Iridium Low Earth Communications28 September 2017[27]Successful
Iridium 31 Iridium Low Earth Communications20 December 2018[29]Successful
Iridium 33 destroyed in collision with Kosmos 2251[30]
17 September
08:01
LGM-118 Peacekeeper Vandenberg LF-05 US Air Force
7 re-entry vehicles US Air Force Suborbital Missile test17 SeptemberSuccessful
19 September
13:00
Black Brant IX White Sands NASA
NASA Suborbital Ionosphere research19 SeptemberSuccessful
23 September
16:44
Kosmos-3M Plesetsk Site 132/1
Kosmos 2346 (Parus) MO RF Low Earth NavigationIn orbitOperational
FAISAT-2V FAI Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
23 September
23:58
Ariane 4 (42L) Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace
Intelsat 803 Intelsat Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
24 September Storm-2 White Sands LC-32 US Air Force
MTTV-4 US Air Force Suborbital Target24 SeptemberSuccessful
24 September
21:30
Molniya-M Plesetsk Site 43/4
Molniya-1T MO RF Molniya CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
25 September
00:30
TR-1 Tanegashima LA-T NASDA
NASDA Suborbital Microgravity research25 SeptemberSuccessful
26 September
02:34
Space Shuttle Atlantis Kennedy LC-39A United Space Alliance
STS-86 NASA Low Earth (Mir) Shuttle-Mir flight6 October
21:55
Successful
SpaceHab LDM NASA/SpaceHab Low Earth (Atlantis) Logistics
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
27 September
01:23
Delta II 7920-10C Vandenberg SLC-2W Boeing IDS
Iridium 19 Iridium Low Earth Communications7 April 2018[32]Successful
Iridium 37 Iridium Low Earth Communications26 May 2018[34]Successful
Iridium 36 Iridium Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Iridium 35 Iridium Low Earth Communications26 December 2018[36]Successful
Iridium 34 Iridium Low Earth Communications8 January 2018[38]Successful
29 September
04:47
PSLV Sriharikota FLP ISRO
IRS-1D ISRO Sun-synchronous Remote sensingIn orbitOperational
30 September
20:10
Black Brant IX White Sands LC-36 NASA
HRTS 10 NASA Suborbital Solar research30 SeptemberSuccessful

October

3 October
07:07
RT-2PM Topol Plesetsk Site 158 RVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test3 OctoberSuccessful
4 October
18:30
Castor-Orbus Nevada Test Site LA-26 Sandia
Sandia Suborbital Test rocket4 OctoberFailure
5 October
15:08
Soyuz-U Baikonur Site 1/5 Roskosmos
Progress M-36 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics19 December
13:20
Successful
Sputnik-40 Roskosmos Low Earth Amateur communications21 May 1998Successful
X-Mir DASA Low Earth (Mir) Inspect Mir2 October 1998Successful
5 October
21:01
Atlas IIAS Cape Canaveral LC-36B International Launch Services
Echostar 3 EchoStar Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
9 October
17:59
Soyuz-U Plesetsk Site 43/3
Foton 11 Roskosmos Low Earth Microgravity research23 OctoberSuccessful
10 October UGM-133 Trident II Submarine, Eastern Range Royal Navy
Royal Navy Suborbital Missile test10 OctoberSuccessful
10 October UGM-133 Trident II Submarine, Eastern Range Royal Navy
Royal Navy Suborbital Missile test10 OctoberSuccessful
12 October
16:42
VS-30 Andøya INPE
AL-VS30-226 DLR Suborbital Aeronomy research12 OctoberSuccessful
15 October
08:43
Titan IVB (401)/Centaur Cape Canaveral LC-40 Lockheed Martin
Cassini NASA Kronocentric Orbit Saturn orbiter15 September 2017
10:31
Successful
Huygens NASA/ESA Kronocentric Orbit Titan lander14 January 2005
12:43
Successful
Cassini is the first spacecraft to orbit Saturn and Huygens is the first spacecraft to land on Titan.
Huygens released from Cassini on 25 December 2004.
16 October
19:00
Black Brant IX White Sands NASA
NASA Suborbital Solar research16 OctoberSuccessful
16 October
19:13
Long March 3B Xichang LC-2
Apstar 2R APT Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
22 October
13:13
Pegasus-XL Stargazer, Wallops Island Orbital Sciences
STEP-4 US Air Force Low Earth 31 March 2001Successful
24 October
02:32
Titan IVA (403) Vandenberg SLC-4E Lockheed Martin
USA-133 (Lacrosse 3) NRO Low Earth ReconnaissanceIn orbitOperational
25 October
00:46
Atlas IIA Cape Canaveral LC-36A
USA-135 (DSCS III F13) US Air Force Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
FalconSat Gold USAFA Geosynchronous transfer Technology demonstration27 September 1998Successful
30 October
13:43
Ariane 5G Kourou ELA-3 Arianespace
MAQSAT-H ESA Geosynchronous transfer BoilerplateIn orbitSuccessful
MAQSAT-B ESA Geosynchronous transfer BoilerplateIn orbitSuccessful
TEAMSAT ESTEC Geosynchronous transfer Technology developmentIn orbitOperational
YES ESTEC Geosynchronous transfer Technolovy developmentIn orbitOperational

November

2 November
12:25
VLS-1 Alcântara INPE
SCD-2A INPE Intended: Low Earth Weather satellite2 NovemberLaunch Failure
Maiden flight of VLS-1; First Brazilian orbital launch attempt
5 November
20:02
Terrier-Orion Andøya NASA
Combined Sodium and Sporadic Layers NASA Suborbital Ionosphere research5 NovemberSuccessful
5 November
21:01
LGM-118 Peacekeeper Vandenberg LF-02 US Air Force
8 re-entry vehicles US Air Force Suborbital Missile test5 NovemberSuccessful
6 November
00:30
Delta II 7925-9.5 Cape Canaveral LC-17A Boeing IDS
USA-134 (GPS IIA-19) US Air Force Medium Earth NavigationIn orbitOperational
8 November
02:05
Titan IVA (401)/Centaur Cape Canaveral LC-41 Lockheed Martin
USA-136 (Trumpet 3) NRO Molniya SIGINTIn orbitOperational
NRO Launch 4
9 November
01:34
Delta II 7920-10C Vandenberg SLC-2W Boeing IDS
Iridium 43 Iridium Low Earth Communications11 February 2018[40]Successful
Iridium 41 Iridium Low Earth Communications28 July 2018[42]Successful
Iridium 40 Iridium Low Earth Communications23 September 2018[44]Successful
Iridium 39 Iridium Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Iridium 38 Iridium Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
12 November
17:00
Proton-K/DM-2M Baikonur Site 200/39
Kupon RFCB Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitSpacecraft Failure
Onboard computer failed
12 November
21:48
Ariane 4 (44L) Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace
Sirius 2 NSAB Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitSpacecraft Failure
IndoStar-1 Indostar Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Astra 5A (Sirius 2) failed on 16 January 2009
14 November
05:00
Black Brant IX White Sands NASA
SCARI NASA Suborbital Ultraviolet astronomy14 NovemberSuccessful
17 November Hera Fort Wingate LC-96 US Air Force
MTV US Air Force Suborbital ABM Target17 NovemberFailure
18 November
11:14
Soyuz-U Plesetsk
Resurs F-1M Roskosmos Low Earth Remote sensing13 DecemberSuccessful
18 November
19:35
Black Brant IX White Sands LC-36 NASA
SERTS-97 NASA Suborbital Solar observation18 NovemberSuccessful
19 November RT-23 Nenoksa RVSN
Russian Navy Suborbital Test rocket19 NovemberFailure
19 November
19:46
Space Shuttle Columbia Kennedy LC-39B United Space Alliance
STS-87 NASA Low Earth Microgravity experiments5 December
12:20
Successful
SPARTAN-201 NASA Low Earth Microgravity researchFailure
EDO Pallet NASA Low Earth (Columbia) Cryogenic mission extension palletSuccessful
Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts
Spartan failed to orient itself due to human error during deployment on 21 November; was retrieved on 25 November.
27 November
21:27
H-II Tanegashima LA-Y1
TRMM NASA Low Earth Environmental research16 June 2015
06:55[45]
Successful
Hikoboshi (ETS-7) NASDA Low Earth Docking test13 November 2015[46]Successful
Orihime (ETS-7) NASDA Low Earth Docking test13 November 2015[46]Successful
The two ETS satellites docked on 7 July 1998[47]

December

2 December
08:42
Black Brant IX SvalRak NASA
NASA Suborbital Plasma research2 DecemberSuccessful
2 December
22:52
Ariane 4 (44P) Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace
JCSAT 5 JSAT Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Equator-S DLR Geosynchronous transfer Magnetospheric researchIn orbitOperational
12 November
17:00
Proton-K/DM-2M Baikonur Site 81/23 International Launch Services
Astra 1G SES Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
3 December
09:06
Black Brant IX SvalRak NASA
NASA Suborbital Plasma research3 DecemberSuccessful
8 December
07:16
Long March 2C Taiyuan LC-1 CASC
Iridium 42 Iridium Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Iridium 44 Iridium Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSpacecraft Failure
8 December
23:52
Atlas IIAS Cape Canaveral LC-36B International Launch Services
Galaxy 8i PanAmSat Current: Graveyard
Operational: Geosynchronous
CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Retired in October 2002
9 December
07:17
Tsyklon-2 Baikonur Site 90/20
Kosmos 2347 (EORSAT MO RF Low Earth SIGINT11 December 1999Successful
15 December
15:40
Soyuz-U Plesetsk
Kosmos 2348 (Yantar) MO RF Low Earth Reconnaissance14 April 1998Successful
18 December UGM-133 Trident II Submarine, Eastern Range US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test18 DecemberSuccessful
20 December
08:45
Soyuz-U Baikonur Site 1/5 Roskosmos
Progress M-37 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics15 March 1998
23:04
Successful
20 December
13:16
Delta II 7920-10C Vandenberg SLC-2W Boeing IDS
Iridium 45 Iridium Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Iridium 46 Iridium Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Iridium 47 Iridium Low Earth Communications1 September 2018[49]Successful
Iridium 48 Iridium Low Earth Communications5 May 2001Spacecraft Failure
Iridium 49 Iridium Low Earth Communications13 February 2018[51]Successful
22 December
00:16
Ariane 4 (42L) Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace
Intelsat 804 Intelsat Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
23 December
19:11
Pegasus-XL/HAPS Stargazer, Wallops Island Orbital Sciences
Orbcomm A1 Orbcomm Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Orbcomm A2 Orbcomm Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Orbcomm A3 Orbcomm Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Orbcomm A4 Orbcomm Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Orbcomm A5 Orbcomm Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Orbcomm A6 Orbcomm Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Orbcomm A7 Orbcomm Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Orbcomm A8 Orbcomm Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
24 December
13:32
Start-1 Svobodniy Site 5
Early Bird 1 EarthWatch Low Earth Earth observation27 July 2000Successful
24 December
23:19
Proton-K/DM-2M Baikonur Site 81/23 International Launch Services
AsiaSat 3 AsiaSat Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitPartial Launch Failure
Upper stage failure; Performed lunar flyby to reduce orbital inclination and reach operational position.

Deep-space rendezvous

Date (GMT) Spacecraft Event Remarks
20 FebruaryGalileo2nd flyby of Europa
5 AprilGalileo3rd flyby of Ganymede
7 MayGalileo4th flyby of Ganymede
25 JuneGalileo2nd flyby of Callisto
27 JuneNEARFlyby of 253 MathildeClosest approach: 1,200 kilometres (750 mi)
4 JulyMars PathfinderLanded on MarsLocation: Ares Vallis; first Mars rover and rover on another planet
11 SeptemberMars Global SurveyorAreocentric orbit injection
17 SeptemberGalileo3rd flyby of Callisto
6 NovemberGalileo3rd flyby of Europa
16 DecemberGalileo4th flyby of Europa

EVAs

Start Date/Time Duration End Time Spacecraft Crew Function Remarks
14 February
04:34
6 hours
42 minutes
11:16 STS-82
Discovery
Mark C. Lee
Steven Smith
Swapped out the Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph for the Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer and replaced the Faint Object Spectrograph with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph. Stowed the GHRS and FOS for return to earth in the payload bay.[52] Hubble Space Telescope servicing
15 February
03:25
7 hours
27 minutes
10:52 STS-82
Discovery
Gregory J. Harbaugh
Joseph R. Tanner
Replaced a Fine Guidance Sensor and an Engineering and Science Tape Recorder with spare replacement units. Also installed the Optical Control Electronics Enhancement Kit.[53] Hubble Space Telescope servicing
16 February
02:53
7 hours
11 minutes
10:04 STS-82
Discovery
Mark C. Lee
Steven Smith
Replaced a Data Interface Unit with a spare unit and replaced a reel-to-reel tape drive Engineering and Science Tape Recorder with a solid-state digital version. Also replaced one of the four Reaction Wheel Assembly units that help point the telescope at targets.[54] Hubble Space Telescope servicing
17 February
03:45
6 hours
34 minutes
10:19 STS-82
Discovery
Gregory J. Harbaugh
Joseph R. Tanner
Replaced the Solar Array Drive Electronics package with a spare, also replaced the covers of the satellite's magnetometers. Installed thermal blankets over areas of degraded insulation.[55] Hubble Space Telescope servicing
18 February
03:15
5 hours
17 minutes
08:32 STS-82
Discovery
Mark C. Lee
Steven Smith
Installed more thermal insulation on three more areas that had undergone degradation.[56] Hubble Space Telescope servicing
29 April
05:10
4 hours
59 minutes
10:09 Mir EO-23
Kvant-2
Vasily Tsibliyev
Jerry M. Linenger
Installed the Optical Properties Monitor on the exterior of Kristall. Used the Strela crane to move to the Kvant-2 module. At Kvant-2 they retrieved two American experiments, the Partial Impact Experiment and the Mir Sample Experiment, from the Kvant-2 hull, and installed the Benton Radiation Dosimeter on Kvant-2.[57] First use of the new Orlan-M space suit.
22 August
11:14
3 hours
16 minutes
14:30 Mir EO-24
Transfer compartment of DOS-7
Anatoly Solovyev
Pavel Vinogradov
Reconnected power cabling to the Spektr solar arrays, thus restoring part of the power lost in the collision. Although the spacewalkers were able to recover equipment and supplies from the module, they were not able to find the puncture hole.[58] Internal EVA to inspect the damaged Spektr module
6 September
01:07
6 hours 07:07 Mir EO-24
Kvant-2
Anatoly Solovyev
/Michael Foale
Solovyev rode the Strela crane operated by Foale on the base block to Spektr to inspect for damage. Although an extensive documentation and search of Spektr, he was unable to find the hole. Before he returned to the airlock, Foale collected the radiation dosimeter installed outside earlier.[59] Foale became the first person to conduct EVAs in both American and Russian spacesuits.[60]
1 October
17:29
5 hours
1 minute
22:30 STS-86
Mir Atlantis
Scott E. Parazynski
Vladimir Titov
Retrieved the four Mir Environmental Effects Packages from the docking module surface. Also installed the Solar Array Cap to the docking module, to be used to plug the hole in the Spektr module on a future EVA. To close out the EVA, the spacewalkers tested the Simplified Aid For EVA Rescue jet packs.[61]
20 October
09:40
6 hours
38 minutes
16:18 Mir EO-24
Transfer compartment of DOS-7
Anatoly Solovyev
Pavel Vinogradov
Attempted to install three control cables between the solar array servo motors to the special adapter plate that seals Spektr from the rest of Mir. After cleaning up some of the debris and loose items in Spektr, Solovyev was able to connect the three cables to the servos. But even after an effort that extended into the "emergency oxygen supply" of the Orlan space suits, Solovyev was only able to connect two of the cables to the adapter plate.[62] Internal EVA to repair the damaged Spektr module
3 November
03:32
6 hours
4 minutes
09:36 Mir EO-24
Kvant-2
Anatoly Solovyev
Pavel Vinogradov
Released a minispunik (mini-satellite) into orbit. The spacewalkers then dismantled the old solar panel MSB-4 on Kvant-1. They stowed the panel on the outside of the base block.[63]
6 November
00:12
6 hours
12 minutes
06:24 Mir EO-24
Kvant-2
Anatoly Solovyev
Pavel Vinogradov
Installed a new solar array on Kvant-1 to replace the panel removed on their previous spacewalk.[64]
25 November
00:02
7 hours
43 minutes
07:45 STS-87
Columbia
Winston E. Scott
Takao Doi
Captured the Spartan satellite by hand and secured it in the payload bay. Then the spacewalking team set up and tested a crane that will be used to construct the International Space Station.[65] Doi became the first Japanese spacewalker.
3 December
09:09
4 hours
59 minutes
14:09 STS-87
Columbia
Winston E. Scott
Takao Doi
Conducted more testing and evaluation of the crane in the payload bay. They repeated many of the same crane motion tests with smaller objects than in the earlier EVA. During the EVA a small free-flying video camera was deployed to record the work.[66]

References

Generic references:
 Spaceflight portal
  • Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
  • Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
  • Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.
  • Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
  • Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report".
  • McDowell, Jonathan. "Jonathan's Space Report".
  • Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
  • Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
  • Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
  • Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
  • "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
  • "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
  • "Space Calendar". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
  • "Space Information Center". JAXA.
  • "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).

Footnotes

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  24. "IRIDIUM 32". N2YO.com. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
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  41. "IRIDIUM 41". N2YO.com. Retrieved 21 February 2019.
  42. "IRIDIUM 41". N2YO.com. Retrieved 21 February 2019.
  43. "IRIDIUM 40". N2YO.com. Retrieved 21 February 2019.
  44. "IRIDIUM 40". N2YO.com. Retrieved 21 February 2019.
  45. "Rainfall Spacecraft Re-enters Over Tropics". NASA. 16 June 2015. Retrieved 21 February 2019.
  46. "ETS 7". N2YO.com. Retrieved 21 February 2019.
  47. "Rendezvous Docking Experiment Plan and Results". Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency. 16 September 1999. Archived from the original on 28 August 2007. Retrieved 29 July 2008.
  48. "IRIDIUM 47". N2YO.com. Retrieved 21 February 2019.
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  50. "IRIDIUM 49". N2YO.com. Retrieved 21 February 2019.
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  52. Dumoulin, Jim (2001). "STS-82 Day 4 Highlights". NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA. Archived from the original on 22 March 2009. Retrieved 8 March 2009.
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