Vibia gens

The gens Vibia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome. Although individuals named Vibius appear in history during the time of the Second Punic War, no members of this gens are found at Rome until the final century of the Republic. The first of the Vibii to obtain the consulship was Gaius Vibius Pansa in 43 BC, and from then until imperial times the Vibii regularly filled the highest offices of the Roman state. The emperors Trebonianus Gallus and Volusianus each claimed descent from the family.[1]

Denarius of Vibia Sabina, Roman empress from AD 117 to c. 136.

Origin

The nomen Vibius is a patronymic surname, derived from the praenomen Vibius, which must have belonged to an ancestor of the gens. The name is generally regarded as an Oscan praenomen, and it is found extensively in Campania, but it was also used in Latium, and appears at Rome from a very early period, being used by the patrician Sestii, and occasionally by members of several prominent plebeian families. The Vibian gens itself was probably Oscan.[2]

Praenomina

The main praenomina of the Vibii were Gaius, Lucius, and Quintus. A family of imperial times used the praenomen Titus, while individual examples of Aulus and Sextus are known.

Branches and cognomina

The cognomina of the Vibii under the Republic were Pansa and Varus, each of which occurs on coins. Both surnames derive from the physical characteristics of the persons to whom they originally applied; Pansa translates as "splay-footed", while Varus is "knock-kneed".[1][3]

Members

Denarius of Gaius Vibius Pansa, father of the consul Caetronianus, 90 BC.
This list includes abbreviated praenomina. For an explanation of this practice, see filiation.

Footnotes

  1. As in a few other cases, it is not certain whether Vibius was his praenomen or his nomen; if his praenomen, then he was a member of the Curia gens.
  2. Postimus in the Fasti Capitolini.

See also

References

  1. Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, vol. III, p. 1252 ("Vibia Gens").
  2. Chase, pp. 128, 136, 137.
  3. Chase, pp. 109, 110.
  4. Livy, xxv. 14.
  5. Valerius Maximus, iii. 2. § 20.
  6. Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, vol. I, p. 11 ("Accua").
  7. Plutarch, "The Life of Crassus", 4.
  8. Valerius Maximus, ix. 14. § 1.
  9. Pliny the Elder, vii. 10. s. 12.
  10. Cicero, In Verrem, ii. 74.
  11. Cicero, Pro Cluentio, 8.
  12. Cicero, Pro Cluentio, 60.
  13. Caesar, De Bello Civili, i. 24.
  14. Cicero, Epistulae ad Atticum, ii. 20, ix. 6.
  15. Quintilian, vi. 3. § 73.
  16. Broughton, vol. II, p. 271.
  17. Cicero, Epistulae ad Familiares, viii. 8. §§ 6, 7, x. 30, xv. 17.
  18. Cassius Dio, xlvi. 33, 36–40.
  19. Fasti Capitolini, AE 1927, 101; 1940, 59, 60.
  20. Eckhel, vol. v, p. 339.
  21. Syme, The Roman Revolution.
  22. Broughton, vol. II, pp. 241, 258, 274, 290, 299, 310, 331, 334–336.
  23. Cassius Dio, lvi. 15.
  24. Velleius Paterculus, ii. 116.
  25. Florus, iv. 12. § 11.
  26. Rivet, Gallia Narbonensis, p. 79.
  27. Fasti Ostienses, CIL XIV, 244, 245, 4531–4546, 5354, 5355.
  28. Fasti Antiates, CIL X, 6639.
  29. Cassius Dio, lviii. 8.
  30. Tacitus, Annales, iv. 13, 28–30, 36.
  31. Tacitus, Annales, ii. 74, 79, iv. 56, vi. 47, 48, xi. 10.
  32. Eckhel, vol. iv, pp. 147, 148.
  33. Cambridge Manual of Latin Epigraphy, p. 459.
  34. Tacitus, Annales, iv. 28–30, 36.
  35. Tacitus, Annales, ii. 68.
  36. Gallivan, "The Fasti for the Reign of Claudius", pp. 410, 412, 414, 417, 426.
  37. Tacitus, Annales, xii. 52.
  38. Tacitus, Historiae, ii. 10, iv. 23, 41, Annales, xiv. 28, De Oratoribus, 8.
  39. Quintilian, v. 13. § 48, viii. 5. §§ 15, 17, x. 1. § 119, xii. 10. § 11.
  40. Cassius Dio, lxv. 2.
  41. Gallivan, "Reign of Nero", pp. 294, 306, 307, 311, "The Fasti for A.D. 70–96", pp. 188, 193, 210, 220.
  42. Fasti Potentini, AE 1949, 23; 2003, 588; 2005, 457.
  43. Salomies, Adoptive and Polyonymous Nomenclature, p. 91.
  44. Gallivan, "The Fasti for A.D. 70–96", pp. 190, 216.
  45. Birley, Marcus Aurelius, pp. 241, 242.
  46. CIL III, 38.
  47. Bastianini, "Lista dei prefetti d'Egitto", p. 280.
  48. Smallwood, Principates of Nerva, Trajan, and Hadrian.
  49. CIL VI, 2078.
  50. Eck et al., A Diploma for the Army of Britain, p. 194.
  51. Hemelrijk & Woolf, Women and the Roman City, p. 163.
  52. Zonaras, xii. 20, 21.
  53. Zosimus, i. 23–28.
  54. Aurelius Victor, De Caesaribus, 30, Epitome de Caesaribus, 30.
  55. Eutropius, ix. 5.
  56. Jordanes, Getica, 19.
  57. Zosimus, i. 24.
  58. Zonaras, xii. 21.
  59. Eckhel, vol. vii, p. 369.
  60. Trebellius Pollio, "The Thirty Tyrants".
  61. Syme, Ammianus and the Historia Augusta, pp. 54–56.
  62. Caylus, Recueil, iii. pt. xxi. No. 5, pp. 83, 84.
  63. Rochette, Lettre à M. Schorn, p. 158, 2nd ed.

Bibliography

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