1996 Republican National Convention

The 1996 National Convention of the Republican Party of the United States convened at the San Diego Convention Center (SDCC) in San Diego, California, from August 12 to August 15, 1996. The convention nominated former Senator Bob Dole from Kansas, for president and former Representative and secretary of Housing and Urban Development Jack Kemp, from suburban Buffalo, New York, for vice president.

1996 Republican National Convention
1996 presidential election
Nominees
Dole and Kemp
Convention
Date(s)August 12–15, 1996
CitySan Diego, California
VenueSan Diego Convention Center
Keynote speakerSusan Molinari
Candidates
Presidential nomineeBob Dole of Kansas
Vice presidential nomineeJack Kemp of New York

Background

Political context
Further information: U.S. presidential election, 1996

After a bitter primary, Dole had secured the Republican nomination—but at high cost, financially and politically. The Party had lost momentum after President Bill Clinton successfully co-opted the historically Republican issues of crime and welfare reform and portrayed House Speaker Newt Gingrich as an extremist.

Within his own party, Dole was under pressure from both sides of the political spectrum. Social liberals such as California Governor Pete Wilson and Massachusetts Governor William Weld loudly argued to remove the Human Life Amendment plank from the convention platform. On the right, primary opponents Patrick Buchanan and Alan Keyes withheld endorsements—Buchanan staged a rally for his supporters in nearby Escondido on the eve of the San Diego convention.[1] Indeed, past comments by Kemp labeling Dole as a tax-raiser surfaced. The long, bitter primary had also left the Dole campaign short of funds as a result of federal election spending limits in the months leading up to the convention.

The Dole campaign sought to use the convention to unite the party, to appeal to political moderates, and to highlight Dole's honorable service in World War II and in the U.S. Senate. Nearly all floor speeches were delivered by moderate or liberal Republicans, including the keynote address by New York Representative Susan Molinari, and Dole was nominated by fellow veteran and Arizona Senator John McCain. Gingrich, who less than two years earlier had been a star of the party, was denied a prime time slot altogether, as was Buchanan, who had finished in second place for the nomination, with over 200 delegates. However, supporters in the socially conservative grassroots organizations such as the Christian Coalition directed the convention to adopt a conservative platform with little controversy, and Buchanan released his delegates at the last minute.

The convention ran smoothly overall, and the Dole-Kemp team seemed to benefit in the short term. Opinion polls taken shortly after the conclusion of the convention showed the Republicans with a significant "bump" of increased support. However, this bump was extremely temporary, and they continued to trail the incumbent Clinton-Gore team; they went on to lose the election by almost nine points.

Site selection

The Republican National Committee had narrowed their search for a site to three bidding cities, San Diego, New Orleans, and San Antonio.[2] They ultimately selected San Diego.

The 1996 RNC was the first presidential nominating convention to be held in San Diego, and the only Republican National Convention held in Southern California. (The 1972 RNC was scheduled for the San Diego Sports Arena but relocated to Miami Beach, Florida, due to scandal.)[3] Indeed, San Diego's bid had been considered unlikely to win. The SDCC was far smaller than its predecessor venues, the Astrodome in Houston and the Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans, and its normal seating layout left several sections and skyboxes with obstructed views. Ardent lobbying by Mayor Susan Golding, who some named as a potential candidate for U.S. Senate in 1998, and by Governor Wilson, himself to seek the 1996 presidential nomination, helped secure San Diego's selection in 1994.

Logistics
The San Diego Convention Center was the site of the 1996 Republican National Convention

The San Diego Host Committee, "Sail to Victory '96," was organized on September 8, 1995.

This was the first national party convention since the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing, which sparked heightened concerns over terrorism. The possibility that the explosion of TWA Flight 800 weeks before was a terrorist incident also weighed on convention planners. The Convention Center was located on the waterfront, near a harbor frequented by thousands of small boats—upon one of which Dole and Kemp made their ceremonial arrival. The police, Coast Guard, and other security presence was massive.

Convention planners situated the designated protest area several blocks away from the convention center, sparking criticism and legal action. It was later moved to a parking lot closer to the building which had originally been designated as a transportation center for the handicapped.

The convention was successful for San Diego, bringing positive publicity to the city and its revitalized waterfront and Gaslamp Quarter. The convention committee, however, overran its budget by some $20 million, largely because of the extra costs of security.

Order of major speakers

August 12

August 13

August 14

August 15

Other notable speakers

On the closing night of the convention, Stephen Fong, then-president of the San Francisco chapter of the Log Cabin Republicans, spoke at the dais as part of a series of speeches from "mainstreet Americans," but was not publicly identified as gay.[5] Fong was the first openly gay speaker at a Republican National Convention.[6]

With Dole's wife, Elizabeth, speaking at the Republican convention, and his opponent Bill Clinton's wife, Hillary, later speaking at the Democratic convention, 1996 became the year in which it became established practice that both major party candidates spouses speak at their party's convention.[7]

Presidential nomination

Senator John McCain placed Bob Dole's name in nomination

Republican National Convention presidential vote, 1996[8]
Candidate Votes Percentage
Bob Dole 1,928 97%
Pat Buchanan 47 2.29%
Steve Forbes 2 0.1%
Alan Keyes and
Robert Bork		 1 each 0.05% each
Totals 2,066 100.00%

Vice Presidential tally

New York Governor George Pataki placed Jack Kemp's name into nomination, after which the former Secretary of Housing and Urban Development was nominated by voice vote.

See also

References
  1. Buchanan Rejects Offer for Small Role at Convention. The New York Times. July 30, 1996.
  2. Stall, Bill; Perry, Tony (14 December 1994). "GOP Proposes San Diego for Convention". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
  3. Ancona, Vincent S. (Fall 1992). "When the Elephants Marched Out of San Diego". The Journal of San Diego History. 38 (4). San Diego Historical Society. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  4. Gifts of Speech - Nancy Reagan
  5. Tafel, Richard (1999) Party Crasher, New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-684-83764-1, p. 174.
  6. Keen, Lisa (2016-07-21). "The Bay Area Reporter Online | Tension between gays and GOP shrouds convention". Ebar.com. Retrieved 2016-07-26.
  7. "Trump, Biden Favorable Ratings Both Below 50%". Gallup.com. 18 September 2020. Retrieved 19 January 2021.
  8. "Republican Convention 2000". The Green Papers. Archived from the original on 6 October 2008. Retrieved 2008-10-29.
Preceded by
1992
Houston, Texas		 Republican National Conventions Succeeded by
2000
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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