576th Flight Test Squadron
The 576th Flight Test Squadron is a United States Air Force direct reporting unit assigned to Air Force Global Strike Command. The 576th is stationed at Vandenberg Air Force Base, California.
576th Flight Test Squadron | |
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![]() 576th Squadron LGM-30G Minuteman III test launch at Vandenberg AFB, California, 25 February 2012 | |
Active | 1943–1945; 1947–1949; 1958–1966; 1991-present |
Country | ![]() |
Branch | ![]() |
Type | Squadron |
Role | Intercontinental ballistic missile |
Part of | Air Force Global Strike Command |
Garrison/HQ | Vandenberg AFB, California |
Motto(s) | Ducimus Latin We Lead |
Engagements | European Theater of Operations[1] |
Decorations | ![]() Distinguished Unit Citation ![]() Air Force Outstanding Unit Award[1] |
Insignia | |
576th Flight Test Squadron emblem (approved 2 March 1995)[1] | ![]() |
Patch eith 576th Strategic Missile Squadron emblem (approved 5 March 1959[2] | ![]() |
Mission
The mission of the 576th is to execute Air Force Global Strike Command (AFGSC)'s Force Development Evaluation program for America's Intercontinental Ballistic Missile Force and serve as the command's experts for missile systems capability and Air Force application demonstrations.
In executing the Intercontinental Ballistic Missile Initial Operational Test and Evaluation and Force Development Evaluation programs, the 576th Flight Test Squadron prepares for and conducts ground and flight tests to collect, analyze, and report performance, accuracy, and reliability data for the Joint Staff, United States Strategic Command, Air Staff, and AFGSC. The 576th Flight Test Squadron identifies missile system requirements, demonstrates current and future war fighting capabilities, and validates missile system improvements and upgrades.
History
World War II
![](../I/576th_Bombardment_Squadron_-_B-24_Liberators.jpg.webp)
The 576th Flight Test Squadron was first activated at Davis-Monthan Field, Arizona, on 26 January 1943 as the 576th Bombardment Squadron (Heavy) where it participated in the strategic bombardment campaigns of Europe and Germany as part of Eighth Air Force. Their involvement during the Normandy invasion and the Battle of the Bulge resulted in seven European-African-Middle Eastern Theater campaign streamers and one Distinguished Unit Citation.
The 576th was inactivated on 13 September 1945 with the close of World War II. It was reactivated on 24 September 1947 as a very heavy bombardment squadron at Barksdale Field Louisiana, the squadron's mission was changed in November 1947 to a light jet bomber squadron. It was again inactivated in November 1949.
Intercontinental Ballistic Missile Squadron
The squadron was reactivated on 6 March 1958 as the 576th Strategic Missile Squadron at Cooke Air Force Base (later renamed Vandenberg Air Force Base). On 1 April 1958, the 576th was assigned to Strategic Air Command (SAC) as an SM-65 Atlas ICBM unit, the nation's first ICBM unit. The squadron became the first SAC unit to place an ICBM on alert, when it placed one of its Atlas D missiles on alert on 31 October 1959 at Vandenberg.[3]
Initially, the 576th operated launch sites 576 Alpha 1, 2 and 3, which consisted of open support towers with SM-65D Atlas ICBMS standing in the open. The open launch pads remained on nuclear alert until 1 May 1964. In the spring of 1960, began using the "coffin" type shelters and missile erectors at Vandenberg Baker pads 1,2, and 3 along with 576 Charlie, Foxtrot and Golf that were used as a testing pad for the operational testing of the SM-65E Atlas and site 576 D for Atlas F operational testing.
The squadron went off ICBM nuclear alert duties with the inactivation of Alpha 1, 2 and 3, however it continued operational testing of the Atlas ICBM until 1965 when the weapons system was retired and the missiles sent to Norton Air Force Base California for long term storage and use as satellite launch vehicles for NASA. On 2 April 1966, the 576th was once again inactivated.
ICBM Testing Squadron
Redesignated the 576th Test Squadron on 29 August 1991, it was again activated on 1 September 1991 as part of the activation of the Twentieth Air Force, America's only ICBM numbered Air Force. The 576th designation was chosen to ensure the history and lineage of the 576th would continue with the important job of testing ICBMs. The 576th has almost made a complete circle since the 576th Strategic Missile Squadron tested the Atlas missile in the late 1950s and early 1960s. In July 1993, the 576th was assigned to the Fourteenth Air Force at Vandenberg AFB. The squadron was re-designated the 576th Flight Test Squadron (FLTS) on 1 July 1994. Then, on 22 February 1996 the squadron was reassigned from the Fourteenth Air Force to Space Warfare Center (SWC) at Schriever Air Force Base, Colorado.
On 14 March 1996, the 576th, the 30th Maintenance Squadron and portions of the 30th Logistics Support Squadron merged to form the new 576 FLTS. Whereas the three organizations previously reported, through different commanders, to the 30th Space Wing at Vandenberg AFB, this merger aligned all personnel directly involved with Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) testing at Vandenberg under one commander. As part of the merger, the 576 FLTS also became a direct reporting unit to the Space Warfare Center, which later became the Space Innovation & Development Center (SIDC).
On 1 December 2009 the 576 FLTS was reassigned, along with the Air Force's ICBM mission, to Air Force Global Strike Command (AFGSC).
Lineage
- Constituted as the 576th Bombardment Squadron (Heavy) on 15 January 1943
- Activated on 26 January 1943
- Redesignated 576th Bombardment Squadron, Heavy on 20 August 1943
- Inactivated on 13 September 1945
- Redesignated 576th Bombardment Squadron, Very Heavy on 5 September 1947
- Activated in the reserve on 24 September 1947
- Redesignated 576th Bombardment Squadron, Light, Jet on 27 June 1949
- Inactivated on 10 November 1949
- Redesignated 576th Strategic Missile Squadron (ICBM-Atlas) on 6 March 1958
- Activated on 1 April 1958
- Discontinued and inactivated on 2 April 1966
- Redesignated 576th Test Squadron on 29 August 1991
- Activated on 1 September 1991Missile maintenance technicians from the 576th Flight Test Squadron works on a Minuteman III component at Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif., 3 Feb. 2014. The Minuteman III is regularly tested with launches from Vandenberg in order to validate the effectiveness, readiness and accuracy of the weapon system, as well as to support the system's primary purpose - nuclear deterrence. (U.S. Air Force photo by Staff Sgt. Jonathan Snyder/RELEASED)
- Redesignated 576th Flight Test Squadron on 1 July 1994[1]
Assignments
- 392d Bombardment Group, 26 January 1943 – 13 September 1945
- 392d Bombardment Group, 24 September 1947 – 10 November 1949
- 704th Strategic Missile Wing, 1 April 1958
- 1st Missile Division (later 1st Strategic Aerospace Division), 1 July 1959
- 392d Strategic Missile Wing, 18 October 1961
- 1st Strategic Aerospace Division, 20 December 1961 – 2 April 1966
- 310th Operations Group, 1 September 1991
- 30th Operations Group, 1 July 1993
- Space Warfare Center, 22 February 1996
- 595th Test and Evaluation Group (later 595 Space Group), 1 August 2002[4]
- Air Force Global Strike Command, 1 April 2013 – present
Stations
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Aircraft and missiles
- B-24 Liberator, 1943–45
- B-26 Invader, 1947–49
- SM-65 Atlas Missile, 1958–66
- Tested LGM-118 Peacekeeper, 1991–2004
- Tested LGM-30G Minuteman III, 1991–present
- Operated five live missile sites and two test sites at LC-576:[7][8]
- 576-A, 5.6 mi SW of Casmalia CA,
- 576-A1 34.7769°N 120.6019°W
- Also known as 4300 A-1 / Advanced Ballistic Re-entry System (ABRES) A-1 / Ballistic Missile Re-entry System (BMRS) A-1
- Design capacity: 1xSM-65D
- Test launches: 18xSM-65D (1959–66), 16xSM-65F (1967–76), 1xSM-65E (1968), 1xSM-65-Burner-2 (1972)
- 576-A2 34.7808°N 120.6002°W
- Also known as 4300 A-2 / BMRS A-2
- Design capacity: 1xSM-65D
- Test launches: 1xSM-65D (1959), 13xSM-65F (1965–71)
- 576-A3 34.7775°N 120.5970°W
- Also known as 4300 A-3 / BMRS A-3
- Design capacity: 1xSM-65D
- Test launches: 10xSM-65D (1960–75), 21xSM-65F (1965–74), 2xSM-65E (1968)
- 576-B, 4.7 mi SW of Casmalia CA,
- 576-B1 34.7932°N 120.5952°W
- Also known as ABRES B-1
- Design capacity: 1xSM-65D
- Test launches: 13xSM-65D (1960–66)
- 576-B2 34.7912°N 120.5918°W
- Also known as ABRES B-2
- Design capacity: 1xSM-65D
- Test launches: 26xSM-65D (1960–67)
- 576-B3 34.7932°N 120.5952°W
- Also known as ABRES B-3
- Design capacity: 1xSM-65D
- Test launches: 23xSM-65D (1960–67)
- 576-C, 3.6 mi WSW of Casmalia CA, 34.8088°N 120.5838°W
- Design capacity: 1xSM-65E
- Test launches: 3xSM-65E (Jul–Sep 1963)
- 576-D, 1.9 mi SW of Casmalia CA, 34.8205°N 120.5571°W
- Design capacity: 1xSM-65F
- Test launches: 2xSM-65F (1963–64)
- 576-E, 8.4 mi SW of Casmalia CA, 34.7396°N 120.6191°W
- Design capacity: 1xSM-65F / 1xTaurus (1110, 2110, 3110, 3210) / 1xTaurus Lite
- Test launches: 4xSM-65F (1962–64), 10xTaurus (1994–2011)
- 576-F, 4.3 miles SW of Casmalia CA, 34.7961°N 120.5890°W
- Also known as SM-65E Operational System Test Facility (65-OSTF-1)
- Design capacity: 1xSM-65E
- Test launches: 2xSM-65E (Feb–Aug 1964)
- 576-G, 1.9 miles SW of Casmalia CA, 34.8225°N 120.5617°W
- Also known as SM-65F 65-OSTF-2
- Design capacity: 1xSM-65F
- Test launches: 2xSM-65F (1964–65)
References
Notes
- Explanatory notes
- Aircraft is Consolidated B-24H-15-CF Liberator, serial 41-29433.
- Citations
- Bailey, Carl E. (16 May 2008). "Factsheet 576 Flight Test Squadron (AFSPC)". Air Force Historical Research Agency. Retrieved 13 October 2018.
- Maurer, Combat Squadrons, pp. 669-670
- Narducci, p. 3
- Assignment information through May 2008 in Robertson.
- Station number in Anderson.
- Station information in Robertson, except as noted.
- "Vandenberg Air Force Base". asuwlink.uwyo.edu. Archived from the original on 25 July 2012. Retrieved 25 September 2014.
- "Vandenberg Air Force Base launch complexes and facilities". afspacemuseum.org. Air Force Space and Missile Museum. Retrieved 26 September 2014.
Bibliography
This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website http://www.afhra.af.mil/.
- Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1983) [1961]. Air Force Combat Units of World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-02-1. LCCN 61060979.
- Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1982) [1969]. Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-405-12194-6. LCCN 70605402. OCLC 72556.
- Narducci, Henry M. (1988). Strategic Air Command and the Alert Program: A Brief History. Offutt AFB, NE: Office of the Historian, Strategic Air Command. Retrieved 18 February 2018.