Andorra and the euro

Andorra has a monetary agreement with the EU allowing it to make the euro its official currency, and permitting it to issue euro coins from 1 July 2013.[1] They planned to issue their first coins by March or April 2014.[2] On 23 December 2014, coins were delivered for pre-booked customers at the Government Administration Building, and actual circulation began on 15 January 2015.[3]

Eurozone participation
European Union (EU) member states
  19 in the eurozone.
  2 in ERM II, without opt-outs (Bulgaria and Croatia).
  1 in ERM II, with an opt-out (Denmark).
  5 not in ERM II, but obliged to join the eurozone on meeting convergence criteria (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and Sweden).
Non-EU member states
  4 using the euro with a monetary agreement (Andorra, Monaco, San Marino, and Vatican City).
  2 using the euro unilaterally (Kosovo[lower-alpha 1] and Montenegro).

Background

Andorra did not have an official currency before adopting the euro, and unlike its two larger neighbours, France and Spain, which surround it, it is not a member of the EU.

In the 20th century, both the French franc and Spanish peseta were used and accepted in Andorra, but the peseta was more widespread[4] with government budgets, salaries and bank deposits mostly being in pesetas. When those two currencies were replaced by the euro between 1999 and 2002, the euro became the sole currency in Andorra.

Unlike the three other European microstates outside of the EU, Monaco, San Marino and the Vatican City, which adopted the euro when it was introduced, Andorra did not conclude a monetary agreement with the EU but rather used it unilaterally. These agreements gave the three microstates the right to issue their own euro coins, which have a common design on one side, and a national-specific side on the other. As with coins minted in other eurozone states, the microstate coins are valid across the eurozone; however they do not gain representation on the euro's governing bodies, the European Central Bank (ECB) and the Eurogroup. In 2003 Andorra requested that the EU conclude a monetary agreement with it which would give it the right to mint its own coins.

Currency agreements

In 2004 the Council of the European Union adopted its negotiating position with Andorra. Following Andorra's agreement to abide by Council Directive 2003/48/EC on taxation of savings income in the form of interest payments, the Commission recommended opening negotiations.[5] Negotiations were expected to be concluded by 2008,[6][7] but were repeatedly stalled due in part to poor relations stemming from Andorra's tax haven status. A monetary agreement was eventually agreed to by Andorra and the EU in February 2011,[8] and the agreement was signed on 30 June 2011.[1] After the agreement came into force on 1 April 2012,[9] the euro became Andorra's official currency. Andorra would have been permitted to issue up to 2.4 million euro coins from 1 July 2013 onwards provided that it complied with the agreement's terms.[10][11]

In October 2012, Jordi Cinca, Andorra's Minister of Finance, stated that 1 January 2014 was a more likely date to start issuing euros due to delays in adopting the legislation required by the monetary agreement.[12] In February 2013, the Director of the Mint of Andorra Jordi Puigdemasa confirmed that Andorra would not begin issuing euros until 1 January 2014.[13][14] However, the EU did not approve the minting of the coins until December 2013, thus their release was delayed.[15] Minister of Culture Stephen Albert was optimistic that the coins would be circulating by March or April 2014.[2] By May, with still no euros issued, Cinca said that they had again been delayed but would be in circulation by the end of 2014. He cited complications from having the minting of the coins being split between the French and Spanish mints, and efforts to ensure that the coins made it into circulation, rather than to collectors, for the delay.[16] The currency of the 2014 vintage presented on December 23, 2014 was all coined in Spain. France was instead awarded the minting order in 2015. The actual circulation began on 15 January 2015.[3]

Coin design

A design competition for the national side of the euro coins was launched on 19 March 2013, with a deadline of 16 April.[13][17] The winning designs were announced on 16 May and depict a pyrenean chamois on the 1, 2 and 5 euro cent pieces, the Church of Santa Coloma and a depiction of Christ from the church Sant Martí de la Cortinada on the 10, 20, and 50 euro cent pieces, and Casa de la Vall on the 1 euro piece. The government had previously decided that the Coat of arms of Andorra would be featured on the 2 euro piece.[18] Final approval of the coins was in late June, at which point they were forwarded to the EU for their consent.[18] In August, a spokesperson for Cinca confirmed that the design of the 10, 20 and 50 euro cent pieces had been modified to remove the depiction of Christ due to objections from the European Commission on the grounds of religious neutrality.[19][20]

Circulating mintage quantities
Face Value [21][22] €0.01 €0.02 €0.05 €0.10 €0.20 €0.50 €1.00 €2.00 €2.00CC
2014 60,000 60,000 860,000 860,000 860,000 340,000 511,843 360,000 *
2015 * * * * * * * 200,000 *
2016 * * * * * * 2,339,200 * *
2017 2,582,395 1,515,000 2,191,421 1,103,000 1,213,000 968,800 * 794,588 *
2018 3,430,000 2,550,000 1,800,000 980,000 1,014,000 890,000 * 868,000 *
2019 *** *** *** *** **** *** *** *** *

* Small quantities minted for sets only
** No coins were minted that year for that denomination
*** Data not available yet

CC Commemorative coins

Mints

2014, 2016, 2018: Spain
2015, 2017: France

See also

Notes
  1. Kosovo is the subject of a territorial dispute between the Republic of Kosovo and the Republic of Serbia. The Republic of Kosovo unilaterally declared independence on 17 February 2008. Serbia continues to claim it as part of its own sovereign territory. The two governments began to normalise relations in 2013, as part of the 2013 Brussels Agreement. Kosovo is currently recognized as an independent state by 98 out of the 193 United Nations member states. In total, 113 UN member states recognized Kosovo at some point, of which 15 later withdrew their recognition.

References
  1. "Monetary Agreement between the European Union and the Principality of Andorra". Official Journal of the European Union. 2011-12-17. Retrieved 2012-09-08.
  2. "De les peces de coure a l'euro propi, el procés d'emissió de moneda a Andorra". Bondia. 2013-12-17. Retrieved 2013-12-17.
  3. Els sets estàndard de monedes d’euro andorranes es podran sol·licitar a partir d’aquest dimarts a la tarda (in Catalan)
  4. http://www.ub.edu/ubeconomics/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/317-WEB.pdf
  5. "Agreements on monetary relations (Monaco, San Marino, the Vatican and Andorra)". EurLex.
  6. "Punt de Trobada i Hiper tancaran dissabtes a les deu" (in Catalan).
  7. "Andorra - Informationen zu künftigen Euromünzen und der Einführung des Euro;" (in German).. See also: M. Maresceau, "The relations between the EU and Andorra, San Marino and Monaco" in A. Dashwood & M. Maresceau (eds.), Law and Practice of EU External Relations, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2008, 270-307, p. 299-300
  8. "L'acord monetari entre Andorra i la Unió Europea se signarà d'ací a pocs dies" (in Catalan). 2011-06-06. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  9. "The euro outside the euro area". Europa (web portal). Retrieved 26 February 2011.
  10. "Martí rubrica l'acord monetari que permet encunyar euros propis" (in Catalan). Archived from the original on 2013-05-11. Retrieved 2013-07-08.
  11. "L'acord monetari, el camí cap l'espai econòmic adaptat als microestats" (in Catalan).
  12. "Cinca preveu que Andorra pugui començar a emetre euros el gener del 2014". 2012-10-03. Archived from the original on 2014-11-01. Retrieved 2012-11-23.
  13. "The government announces a contest for the design of the Andorran euros". Andorra Mint. 2013-03-19. Archived from the original on 2013-08-22. Retrieved 2013-03-26.
  14. "Nouvelles d'Andorre" (in French). 2013-02-01. Archived from the original on 2013-10-04. Retrieved 2013-02-02.
  15. Poy, Ricard (2013-12-11). "Govern fixarà límits per a l'adquisició dels euros andorrans". Diari d'Andorra. Archived from the original on 2013-12-18. Retrieved 2013-12-19.
  16. "Govern torna a rellançar el projecte de regulació del registre de patents". Diari d'Andorra. 2014-05-29. Archived from the original on 2014-08-14. Retrieved 2014-07-25.
  17. "El Govern convoca un concurs públic nacional per al disseny de l'euro andorrà" (in Catalan). 2013-03-19. Archived from the original on 2013-05-13. Retrieved 2013-03-26.
  18. "La Casa de la Vall, el Pantocràtor romànic i un isard, les imatges escollides pels euros andorrans". Government of Andorra. 2013-05-16. Retrieved 2013-05-18.
  19. Castillo, Gerard (2013-08-15). "Govern admet que va canviar el disseny de l'euro a instàncies de la UE". Diari Andorra. Archived from the original on 2013-09-29. Retrieved 2013-08-15.
  20. "Andorra no tendrá la imagen del Pantocrátor en sus euros". ABC. 2013-08-15. Retrieved 2013-09-02.
  21. "Euros andorrans". Govern d'Andorra. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
  22. "TIRATURA EUROMONETE ANDORRA" [Mintage quantities of Andorran Euro coins]. eurocollezione.altervista.org (in Italian). Retrieved 27 April 2020.
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