Bell 412

The Bell 412 is a utility helicopter of the Huey family manufactured by Bell Helicopter. It is a development of the Bell 212, with the major difference being the composite four-blade main rotor.

Bell 412
Bell 412EP of the Los Angeles City Fire Department
Role Multipurpose utility helicopter
National origin United States/Canada
Manufacturer Bell Helicopter
First flight August 1979
Introduction 1981
Status In Production
Primary users Royal Air Force
See Operators for others
Produced 1979–present
Number built Over 869
Developed from Bell 212
Variants Bell CH-146 Griffon

Design and development

Development began in the late 1970s with two Bell 212s being converted into 412 prototypes. An advanced four-blade main rotor with a smaller diameter replaced the 212's two-blade rotor. A Bell 412 prototype first flew in August 1979. The initial model was certified in January 1981 with deliveries commencing in the same month.[1] The 412 model was followed by the 412SP (Special Performance) version featuring larger fuel capacity, higher takeoff weight and optional seating arrangements. In 1991, the 412HP (High Performance) variant with improved transmission replaced the SP version in production.[1] The current production version, 412EP (Enhanced Performance), is equipped with a dual digital automatic flight control system. In 2013 Bell introduced the 412EPI which includes an electronic (Digital) engine control for a PT6T-9 engine upgrade, and a glass cockpit display system similar to the Bell model 429. Also featured is a Garmin touchscreen navigation system, and the BLR Strake and Fast Fin upgrades for improved hover performance.[2] Over 700 Model 412s (including 260 by AgustaWestland) have been built.[3]

Variants

Bell 412
Standard Model with P&WC PT6T-3B
Bell 412SP
Special Performance version with P&WC PT6T-3BF engines
Bell 412HP
High performance version with P&WC PT6T-3BG or -3D engines
Bell 412CF (CH-146 Griffon)
100 custom-built utility transport helicopters for the Canadian Forces, based on 412EP and designated by Bell as 412CF
Bell 412EP
Enhanced performance version with P&WC PT6T-3DF engines
Bell 412EPI
Glass cockpit version with P&WC PT6T-9 electronic controlled engines
Bell Griffin HT1
Advanced training helicopter based on the Bell 412EP, operated by the Royal Air Force (RAF) since 1997 as an advanced flying trainer. Operated by the Defence Helicopter Flying School at RAF Shawbury and the Search and Rescue Training Unit at RAF Valley.
Bell Griffin HAR2
Search and Rescue helicopter based on the Bell 412EP, operated by No. 84 Squadron RAF since 2003 at RAF Akrotiri in Cyprus.
Agusta-Bell AB 412
Civil utility transport version, built under license in Italy by Agusta.[4]
Agusta-Bell AB 412EP
Italian-built version of the Bell 412EP.[4]
Agusta-Bell AB 412 Grifone
Military utility transport version, built under licence in Italy by Agusta.[4]
UH-X prototype
Agusta-Bell AB 412 CRESO
Italian-built version, fitted with a ground surveillance radar.
NBell 412
Indonesian IPTN's licensed product of Bell 412[4]
Subaru-Bell XUH-2 (formerly UH-X)[5]
Modified version of the Bell 412 EPI; 150 on order to meet the JGSDF's requirement for a UH-1J replacement.[6][7][8]
Subaru-Bell 412EPX
Commercial version of UH-X.[9]

Operators

The Bell 412 is used by private and commercial operators. It is particularly popular in the oil industries, military, and for law enforcement use.

Military operators

Chilean Air Force Bell 412
 Algeria
 Argentina
 Azerbaijan

 Bosnia and Herzegovina

 Botswana
 Cameroon
 Canada
 Chile
 Colombia
 Dominican Republic
 El Salvador
 Eritrea
 Ghana
 Guatemala
 Guyana
 Honduras
 Indonesia
 Iran
An Agusta-Bell AB-412 of the Italian Army
 Italy
 Jamaica
 Lesotho
 Mexico
 Montenegro
 Morocco
  • Moroccan Air Force[10]
 Nigeria
 Norway
A Royal Norwegian Air Force Bell 412
 Pakistan
 Panama
 Peru
 Philippines
 Saudi Arabia
 Slovenia
A Slovenian Air Force Bell 412
 South Korea
 Sri Lanka
A Royal Thai Air Force Bell 412
 Thailand
 Turkey
 Yemen
  • Yemeni air force 4 were ordered from Italy in the 1970s by president Abdurrahman Al Iryani of North Yemen.[10]
 United Arab Emirates
A Bell 412EP Griffin HT1 of the Royal Air Force Defence Helicopter Flying School hover taxis to the runway at RIAT 2010
 United Kingdom
 Uruguay
 Venezuela
 Zimbabwe

Government operators

 Australia
 Brazil
 Canada
 Colombia
 Czech Republic
A Finnish Frontier Guard Agusta Bell AB-412
 Finland
 Indonesia
 Iran
 Italy
 Japan
 South Korea
 Slovenia
An LA County Fire Dept. 412 sits atop a helipad in the mountains in the Angeles National Forest.
 United States

Incidents and accidents

On April 4, 1991, a Bell 412 collided with a small plane carrying United States Senator H. John Heinz III, which killed the senator.

On April 22, 1994, a Bell 412 medical Helicopter AirCare from North Carolina Baptist Hospital crashed into mountainous terrain near Bluefield, WV killing all 4 crew members on board.

On 9 July 2002, a Bell 412 from the El Salvador Air Force crashed after a lightning strike killing all 4 crew members and 3 passengers on board.

On December 10, 2006, a Bell 412 medical helicopter Mercy Air 2 crashed in mountainous terrain near Hesperia, California. All three crew members on board died.

Specifications (412EP)

Rotor head and transmission of a Bell 412

Data from International Directory of Civil Aircraft,[52] Bell 412EP Product Specifications[53]

General characteristics

  • Crew: one-two pilots
  • Capacity: up to 13 passengers, maximum external load of almost 6,614 lb (3,000 kg)[3]
  • Length: 56 ft 1 in (17.09 m) including rotors
  • Fuselage length: 43 ft (13 m)
  • Height: 15 ft 0 in (4.57 m)
  • Empty weight: 6,789 lb (3,079 kg)
  • Max takeoff weight: 11,900 lb (5,398 kg)
  • Powerplant: 1 × Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6T-3D Twin-Pac or PT6T-3DF Twin-Pac coupled turboshaft engine - each, 1,250 shp (930 kW)
900 shp (671 kW) single power section emergency power
  • Main rotor diameter: 46 ft 0 in (14.02 m)
  • Main rotor area: 1,662 sq ft (154.4 m2) *Blade sections: - root Boeing VR-7; tip Wortmann FX 71-H-080[54]

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 140 kn (160 mph, 260 km/h)
  • Cruise speed: 122 kn (140 mph, 226 km/h)
  • Range: 529 nmi (609 mi, 980 km)
  • Service ceiling: 20,000 ft (6,100 m)
  • Rate of climb: 1,350 ft/min (6.9 m/s)
  • Power/mass: 0.2663 hp/lb (0.4378 kW/kg)

See also

Related development

Related lists

References

Citations

  1. "Airliners.net". Airliners.net.
  2. "Bell Helicopter Introduces the Bell 412EPI: Boosts Performance and Reliability" (Press release). Las Vegas, NV: Textron. 4 March 2013. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2016.
  3. Bell/Agusta Bell 412 – Medium Transport Helicopter, USA/Italy Archived 2007-08-24 at the Wayback Machine, Aerospace-Technology.com
  4. Model 212 Twin Huey: USN-USMC UH-1N / Model 412 Archived February 28, 2008, at the Wayback Machine. Vectorsite.net, 1 December 2007.
  5. "Camp AKENO Junior Crew". www.mod.go.jp. Archived from the original on 2019-04-14. Retrieved 2019-05-10.
  6. "Foreign firms bid for $2 billion chopper deal" Archived 2018-06-22 at the Wayback Machine. The Japan Times/Reuters, Accessed 10 October 2014.
  7. Waldron, Greg (June 20, 2018). "Bell targets Asia-Pacific attack helicopter opportunities". FlightGlobal. Retrieved July 17, 2018.
  8. "Subaru and Bell announce collaboration on commercial 412 helicopter upgrade". textron.com. July 16, 2018. Archived from the original on July 17, 2018. Retrieved July 17, 2018.
  9. "UH-X approaches maiden sortie". Flight International. Vol. 194 no. 5665. 4–10 December 2018. p. 13. ISSN 0015-3710.
  10. "World Air Forces 2018". Flightglobal Insight. 2018. Archived from the original on 6 February 2018. Retrieved 16 June 2018.
  11. "Oružane snage BiH nabavile četiri nova helikoptera za očuvanje sigurnosti". Klix.ba.
  12. "Agusta AB-412 in Carabinieri". Archived from the original on 2 June 2013. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
  13. "Turkey And Georgia Conducted A Naval Exercise". Archived from the original on 6 August 2012. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  14. Porfilio, Gabriel (10 January 2018). "Uruguay navy authorised to buy two Bell 412s from Italy". IHS Jane's 360. Archived from the original on 15 January 2018. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
  15. "World Air Forces 2015". Flightglobal Insight. 2015. Archived from the original on 24 March 2015. Retrieved 4 January 2015.
  16. Minister for Ambulance Services (29 July 2015). "New Air Ambulance Helicopter On Show". Premier of Victoria (Press release). Archived from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 23 January 2017.
  17. "Australian Aircraft Register searching for Australian Helicopters Pty Ltd". Civil Aviation Safety Authority Australia. Archived from the original on 2014-09-30. Retrieved 2014-10-01.
  18. "RAC Rescue Helicopters". Archived from the original on 2016-10-12. Retrieved 2016-10-12.
  19. "RAC Rescue Helicopter fact sheet" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-03-23. Retrieved 2019-01-31.
  20. "Queenslanders Gov.t Fleet". qld.gov.au. Archived from the original on 29 April 2013. Retrieved 10 April 2013.
  21. "Bell 412EPI helicopter for NSW Police Force". Archived from the original on 2013-12-02. Retrieved 2013-11-24.
  22. Team, Coulson (2020-04-03). "New South Wales Rural Fire Service Awards 412 Fleet Operation & Maintenance to Coulson Aviation PTY". Coulson Aviation Australia. Retrieved 2020-04-06.
  23. "Goat rams, grounds Motor Accident Commission rescue chopper". Archived from the original on 2016-03-29. Retrieved 2017-08-20.
  24. "MAC Rescue Helicopter Australia Air Ambulances". Archived from the original on 2017-08-20. Retrieved 2017-08-20.
  25. "PF tem mais dois helicópteros que não levantam voo há quase dois anos". CorreioBraziliense.com.br. Archived from the original on 20 September 2013. Retrieved 11 November 2013.
  26. "New helos for the Coast Guard". janes.com. Archived from the original on 16 June 2018. Retrieved 16 June 2018.
  27. Johnson, Oliver (5 January 2018). "Better, Faster, Stronger: The Canadian Coast Guard's new helicopter fleet". Vertical Magazine. Archived from the original on 14 June 2018. Retrieved 15 July 2020.
  28. "ARCHIVED - Bell 412 (ASRA)". Archived from the original on 2013-12-24.
  29. "Le service héliporté de la Sûreté du Québec" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-02-03. Retrieved 2014-01-28.
  30. "BELL 412 -Aviación Policial de la Policía Nacional". National Police of Colombia. Archived from the original on 14 April 2017. Retrieved 14 April 2017.
  31. "Czech-Republic Police". ©Copyright 2012 Helis.com. Archived from the original on 2 June 2013. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  32. "The Border Guard's vessels and aircraft". Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2014-08-26.
  33. "Polairud Dapatkan Heli Baru NBell-412 P-3003 Buatan PTDI". airspace-review.com (in Indonesian). 4 December 2018. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
  34. "کاموف ۲۲۶تی، آینده هلی‌کوپترهای امداد در ایران؟". BBC Persian. Archived from the original on 2 April 2019. Retrieved 2 April 2019.
  35. "AB-412 Guardia di Finanza". Archived from the original on 2 June 2013. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
  36. Roelofs, Erik (April 2012). "Italy's Flying Foresters". Air International. Vol. 82 no. 4. pp. 78–81. ISSN 0306-5634.
  37. "第二管区海上保安本部 仙台航空基地". Archived from the original on 2015-11-24. Retrieved 2016-09-23.
  38. Thompson, Paul Police Air Units Archived 2017-02-10 at the Wayback Machine J-HangarSpace Retrieved February 22, 2017
  39. "Introduction (Coast guard, Korea, South), Coast guard". janes.com. Archived from the original on 11 April 2013. Retrieved 17 February 2013.
  40. "South Korean Coast Guard Bell 412EP". Archived from the original on 8 June 2015. Retrieved 17 February 2013.
  41. "Helikopterji in oprema". policija.si. Archived from the original on 8 June 2015. Retrieved 23 November 2014.
  42. "Great Lake Saviors". Vertical Magazine. 16 November 2011. Archived from the original on 19 April 2015. Retrieved 10 April 2015.
  43. "Delaware Marks 40 Years of Service". © Copyright 2010 by the Airborne Law Enforcement Association. Archived from the original on 19 November 2010. Retrieved 30 December 2012.
  44. "LAFD Air Ops". Archived from the original on 29 October 2012. Retrieved 30 December 2012.
  45. "L.A. County Fire". Los Angeles county fire department. Archived from the original on 12 July 2007. Retrieved 30 December 2012.
  46. "Miami-Dade-Fire-Rescue". Miami-Dade County.gov. Archived from the original on 1 May 2013. Retrieved 30 December 2012.
  47. "NYPD Bell 412". Helis.com. Archived from the original on 2 June 2013. Retrieved 30 December 2012.
  48. "Orange County Fire Authority's New Bell 412 Fire and Rescue Helicopters". ©Copyright 2012 FDNNTV.com. Archived from the original on 22 January 2013. Retrieved 30 December 2012.
  49. "San-Diego-Fire signs for Bell-412". 2012 Copyright Shephard Press Limited. Archived from the original on 21 May 2013. Retrieved 28 December 2012.
  50. "Bald Eagle Rescue is a team effort". Archived from the original on 25 July 2015. Retrieved 31 December 2012.
  51. https://www.richmond.com/news/local/state-police-secure-funds-to-replace-helicopter-that-crashed-last/article_675a8b89-893d-5be7-a471-5b630ee96719.html
  52. Frawley, Gerald. The International Directory of Civil Aircraft, 2003/2004, p. 45. Aerospace Publications, 2003. ISBN 1-875671-58-7.
  53. "Bell Helicopter, January 2006". Archived from the original on October 15, 2012.
  54. Lednicer, David. "The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage". m-selig.ae.illinois.edu. Retrieved 16 April 2019.

Sources

  • Hoyle, Craig. "World Air Forces Directory". Flight International, Vol. 180, No. 5321, 13–19 December 2011. pp. 26–52.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.