Berothidae

The Berothidae are a family of winged insects of the order Neuroptera. They are known commonly as the beaded lacewings.[1] The family was first named by Anton Handlirsch in 1906.[2]

Berothidae
Temporal range: Late Jurassic–Recent
Spermophorella sp.
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Arthropoda
Class:
Insecta
Order:
Neuroptera
Suborder:
Hemerobiiformia
Superfamily:
Mantispoidea
Family:
Berothidae

Subfamilies
  • Cyrenoberothinae
  • Berothinae
  • Nosybinae
  • Nyrminae
  • Protobiellinae
  • Trichomatinae
  • and see text

Berothidae is very closely related to the thorny lacewings which are often included in the Berothidae as subfamily "Rhachiberothinae". They are also occasionally considered to be the distinct family Rhachiberothidae or included as a subfamily in the mantidflies.[2] The family consists of 22 genera and 100 living species distributed discontinuously worldwide, mostly in tropical and subtropical regions.[2] Eleven extinct genera with a total of 13 species have been described from the fossil record.[2]

The larvae are associated with termites.[1]

Systematics

The peculiar genus Lomamyia cannot be robustly assigned to any one subfamily. In addition, a considerable fossil diversity of beaded lacewings is known from the Late Jurassic onwards, containing numerous genera which are likewise basal or incertae sedis:

  • Oloberotha Ren & Guo, 1996 (Late Jurassic; China)
  • Banoberotha
  • Jersiberotha
  • Nascimberotha
  • Microberotha
  • Proberotha

Extinct genera
  • †Ansoberotha Yang et al. 2019 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
  • †Araripeberotha Martins-Neto and Vulcano 1990 Crato Formation, Brazil, Aptian
  • †Banoberotha Whalley 1980 Lebanese amber, Barremian
  • †Caririberotha Martins-Neto and Vulcano 1990 Crato Formation, Brazil, Aptian
  • †Cantabroberotha Pérez-de la Fuente, Peñalver & Engel, 2020, Spanish amber, Albian
  • †Cornoberotha Yang et al. 2019 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
  • †Dasyberotha Engel and Grimaldi 2008 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
  • †Elektroberotha Makarkin and Ohl 2015 Baltic amber, Eocene
  • †Epimesoberotha Jepson et al. 2012 Lulworth Formation, United Kingdom, Berriasian
  • †Ethiroberotha Engel and Grimaldi 2008 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
  • †Haploberotha Engel and Grimaldi 2008 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
  • †Iceloberotha Engel and Grimaldi 2008 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
  • †Jersiberotha Grimaldi 2000 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian New Jersey amber, Turonian
  • †Krokhathone Khramov 2015 Karabastau Formation, Kazakhstan, Callovian/Oxfordian
  • †Maculaberotha Yuan et al. 2016 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
  • †Magniberotha Yuan et al. 2016 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
  • †subfamily Mesithoninae Panfilov 1980
    • †Berothone Khramov 2015 Karabastau Formation, Kazakhstan, Callovian/Oxfordian
    • †Mesithone Panfilov 1980 Karabastau Formation, Kazakhstan, Callovian/Oxfordian Zaza Formation, Turga Formation, Russia, Aptian
    • †Pseudosisyra Makarkin 1999 Zaza Formation, Russia, Aptian
  • †Microberotha Archibald and Makarkin 2004 Hat Creek amber, Canada, Ypresian
  • †Nascimberotha Grimaldi 2000 New Jersey amber, Turonian
  • †Oloberotha Ren and Guo 1996 Yixian Formation, China, Aptian
  • †Protoberotha Huang et al. 2019 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
  • †Sibelliberotha Azar and Nel 2013 Lebanese amber, Barremian
  • †Sinosmylites Hong 1983 Daohugou, Haifanggou Formation, China, Callovian, Karabastau Formation, Kazakhstan, Callovian/Oxfordian, Ulaan-Ereg Formation, Mongolia, Tithonian
  • †Systenoberotha Engel and Grimaldi 2008 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
  • †Telistoberotha Engel and Grimaldi 2008 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
  • †Xiaoberotha Shi et al. 2019 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
  • †Xenoberotha Makarkin 2017 Green River Formation, United States, Eocene

References
  1. Winterton, Shaun L. (2010). "A new species of Stenobiella Tillyard (Neuroptera, Berothidae) from Australia". ZooKeys (64): 1–8. doi:10.3897/zookeys.64.403. PMC 3088400. PMID 21594021.
  2. Archibald, S.B.; Makarkin, V.N. (February 2004). "New genus of minute Berothidae (Neuroptera) from Early Eocene amber of British Columbia" (PDF). The Canadian Entomologist. 136 (1): 61–76. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.552.2285. doi:10.4039/n03-043. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-08-18.


This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.