CHRNB2
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CHRNB2 gene.[5][6]
Neuronal acetylcholine receptors are homo- or heteropentameric complexes composed of homologous alpha and beta subunits. They belong to a superfamily of ligand-gated ion channels which allow the flow of sodium and potassium across the plasma membrane in response to ligands such as acetylcholine and nicotine. This gene encodes one of several beta subunits. Mutations in this gene are associated with autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy.[6]
It has been discovered that suppression, rather than stimulation, of B2-containing nAChR currents yields an antidepressant effect. This is believed to explain the significantly increased prevalence of cigarette smoking in depressed individuals and the profound rise in depressive symptoms during abstinence.
Interactive pathway map
Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to link to respective articles.[§ 1]
Nicotine Activity on Dopaminergic Neurons edit
- The interactive pathway map can be edited at WikiPathways: "NicotineDopaminergic_WP1602".
See also
References
- GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000160716 - Ensembl, May 2017
- GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000027950 - Ensembl, May 2017
- "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- Anand R, Lindstrom J (Sep 1992). "Chromosomal localization of seven neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit genes in humans". Genomics. 13 (4): 962–7. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(92)90008-G. PMID 1505988.
- "Entrez Gene: CHRNB2 cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, beta 2 (neuronal)".
Further reading
- Skorupska E, Rózycka A, Trzeciak WH (2002). "[Molecular and genetic basis of idiopathic nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy]". Neurol. Neurochir. Pol. 36 (3): 513–25. PMID 12185808.
- Bracci L, Lozzi L, Rustici M, Neri P (1992). "Binding of HIV-1 gp120 to the nicotinic receptor". FEBS Lett. 311 (2): 115–8. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(92)81380-5. PMID 1397297.
- Anand R, Lindstrom J (1990). "Nucleotide sequence of the human nicotinic acetylcholine receptor beta 2 subunit gene". Nucleic Acids Res. 18 (14): 4272. doi:10.1093/nar/18.14.4272. PMC 331211. PMID 2377478.
- Elliott KJ, Ellis SB, Berckhan KJ, et al. (1997). "Comparative structure of human neuronal alpha 2-alpha 7 and beta 2-beta 4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits and functional expression of the alpha 2, alpha 3, alpha 4, alpha 7, beta 2, and beta 4 subunits". J. Mol. Neurosci. 7 (3): 217–28. doi:10.1007/BF02736842. PMID 8906617.
- Groot Kormelink PJ, Luyten WH (1997). "Cloning and sequence of full-length cDNAs encoding the human neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunits beta3 and beta4 and expression of seven nAChR subunits in the human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y and/or IMR-32". FEBS Lett. 400 (3): 309–14. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(96)01383-X. PMID 9009220.
- Rempel N, Heyers S, Engels H, et al. (1999). "The structures of the human neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor beta2- and alpha3-subunit genes (CHRNB2 and CHRNA3)". Hum. Genet. 103 (6): 645–53. doi:10.1007/s004390050885. PMID 9921897.
- Lueders KK, Elliott RW, Marenholz I, et al. (1999). "Genomic organization and mapping of the human and mouse neuronal beta2-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor genes". Mamm. Genome. 10 (9): 900–5. doi:10.1007/s003359901111. PMID 10441742.
- Steinlein OK (2000). "Neuronal nicotinic receptors in human epilepsy". Eur. J. Pharmacol. 393 (1–3): 243–7. doi:10.1016/S0014-2999(00)00065-0. PMID 10771020.
- De Fusco M, Becchetti A, Patrignani A, et al. (2000). "The nicotinic receptor beta 2 subunit is mutant in nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy". Nat. Genet. 26 (3): 275–6. doi:10.1038/81566. PMID 11062464.
- Phillips HA, Favre I, Kirkpatrick M, et al. (2001). "CHRNB2 is the second acetylcholine receptor subunit associated with autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 68 (1): 225–31. doi:10.1086/316946. PMC 1234917. PMID 11104662.
- Samochocki M, Zerlin M, Jostock R, et al. (2001). "Galantamine is an allosterically potentiating ligand of the human alpha4/beta2 nAChR". Acta Neurol. Scand. Suppl. 176: 68–73. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0404.2000.00310.x. PMID 11261808.
- Engidawork E, Gulesserian T, Balic N, et al. (2002). "Changes in nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits expression in brain of patients with Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease". J. Neural Transm. Suppl. (61): 211–22. doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-6262-0_17. ISBN 978-3-211-83704-7. PMID 11771745.
- Lueders KK, Hu S, McHugh L, et al. (2002). "Genetic and functional analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the beta2-neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene (CHRNB2)". Nicotine Tob. Res. 4 (1): 115–25. doi:10.1080/14622200110098419. PMID 11906688.
- Duga S, Asselta R, Bonati MT, et al. (2002). "Mutational analysis of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor beta2 subunit gene (CHRNB2) in a representative cohort of Italian probands affected by autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy". Epilepsia. 43 (4): 362–4. doi:10.1046/j.1528-1157.2002.39001.x. PMID 11952766.
- Heeschen C, Weis M, Aicher A, et al. (2002). "A novel angiogenic pathway mediated by non-neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors". J. Clin. Invest. 110 (4): 527–36. doi:10.1172/JCI14676. PMC 150415. PMID 12189247.
- Lin L, Jeanclos EM, Treuil M, et al. (2003). "The calcium sensor protein visinin-like protein-1 modulates the surface expression and agonist sensitivity of the alpha 4beta 2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (44): 41872–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M206857200. PMID 12202488.
- Kawamata J, Shimohama S (2002). "Association of novel and established polymorphisms in neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors with sporadic Alzheimer's disease". J. Alzheimers Dis. 4 (2): 71–6. doi:10.3233/JAD-2002-4201. hdl:2433/149693. PMID 12214130.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
External links
- CHRNB2+protein,+human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- Human CHRNB2 genome location and CHRNB2 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
- Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: P17787 (Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2) at the PDBe-KB.
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