DCI-P3

DCI-P3, or DCI/P3, is a common RGB color space for digital movie projection from the American film industry.[1]

The CIE 1931 chromaticity diagram for DCI-P3-D65 with the spectral colors and purple line along the rim. The corners of the triangle are the primary colors of the DCI-P3 color space. The white point shown here is Illuminant D65. However DCI-P3 uses a slightly warmer and greener whitepoint with a correlated color temperature of approximately 6300K (not shown).

History

Early history

In the CIE 1931 xy chromaticity diagram the DCI-P3 color space covers 45.5% of all chromaticities and 86.9% of Pointer’s gamut. In the CIE 1976 u’v’ chromaticity diagram the coverage is 41.7% and 85.5% respectively.[2] The blue primary color is the same as sRGB and Adobe RGB;[1] the red primary color is a monochromatic light source and has a wavelength of 615 nm. DCI-P3 was defined by the Digital Cinema Initiatives (DCI) organization and published by the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) in SMPTE EG 432-1 and SMPTE RP 431-2.[3] As a step towards the implementation of the significantly wider Rec. 2020 it is expected to see adoption in television systems and in the home cinema domain.[4]

On November 10, 2010, SMPTE published SMPTE EG 432-1:2010.[5]

On April 6, 2011, SMPTE published SMPTE RP 431-2:2011.[6]

2014-2016

In September 2014, Eizo introduced during a fair trade Photokina in Germany the first consumer display CG-318 with real 4K resolution, supporting the P3 color space.

In September 2015, Apple's iMac desktop became the first consumer computer with a built-in wide-gamut display, supporting the P3 color space.

On January 4, 2016, the UHD Alliance announced their specifications for Ultra HD Premium which requires devices to display at least 90% of the DCI P3 color space (in area, not volume).[7][8]

In March 2016, Apple's 9.7-inch iPad Pro shipped with a display supporting P3 color.

In August 2016, the Samsung Galaxy Note 7 shipped with an HDR display[9] with 100% DCI-P3 color gamut.[10]

In September 2016, Apple's iPhone 7 shipped with a wide-gamut display, supporting P3.[11]

In October 2016, Microsoft's Surface Studio desktop computer was unveiled, featuring P3 wide color.

In October 2016, Apple's new MacBook Pro notebook was released with a wide-gamut display, featuring support for P3.[12]

2017

In April 2017, Samsung released the Galaxy S8, which supports P3 wide color.[13]

In June 2017, Apple unveiled the second generation of the 12.9-inch iPad Pro and the new 10.5-inch iPad Pro, both shipped with a display supporting P3 color.

In June 2017, OnePlus 5 was released with this feature.[14]

In September 2017, Apple unveiled the iPhone 8 and 8 Plus with support for P3 color.[15] They also unveiled the iPhone X which also covers 100% of P3 color.[16] [17] [18]

In October, 2017, Google released the Pixel 2, which covers 95% of the P3 color standard, and the Pixel 2 XL, which covers 100%. [19]

In November 2017, HTC announced HTC U11+ phone with DCI-P3 color support.[20]

In December 2017, Apple released iMac Pro, featuring P3 wide color.[21]

2018

In May, 2018, OnePlus launched the OnePlus 6 which also like its predecessor covers completely the DCI-P3 color space. Also Xiaomi Mi8 covers completely the DCI-P3 color space.

In October, 2018, Google released Pixel 3 and Pixel 3 XL which both cover 100% of the P3 color standard.[22]

2019

In January 2019, Asus launched the PQ22UC, a portable 21.6-inch 4K OLED screen with 99% DCI-P3 colour gamut that can run over USB-C.[23]

In June 2019, Apple introduced the Pro Display XDR, a 32-inch 6K (6016 x 3384) screen with DCI-P3 10-bit color, 1,000,000:1 contrast ratio, and a wide viewing angle.[24]

In November 2019 Acer released their new studio laptop series called "ConceptD"; one of its laptop ConceptD 3 and ConceptD 3 Pro has 15.6-inch DCI-P3 Full HD display.[25]

System colorimetry
RGB color space parameters[2][26]
Color space White point CCT Primary colors
xW yW K xR yR xG yG xB yB
P3-D65 (Display) 0.3127 0.3290 6504 0.680 0.320 0.265 0.690 0.150 0.060
P3-DCI (Theater) 0.314 0.351 6300 0.680 0.320 0.265 0.690 0.150 0.060
P3-D60 (ACES Cinema) 0.32168 0.33767 6000 0.680 0.320 0.265 0.690 0.150 0.060

DCI-P3 uses a pure 2.6 gamma curve, a white luminance of 48 cd/m2, and a whitepoint with the same correlated daylight temperature as D63 but greener.[5] Blue is the same as in BT.709.

DCI-P3 has a 25% larger color gamut than sRGB.[27]

Display P3

Display P3 is a color space created by Apple Inc. It uses the DCI-P3 primaries but a D65 white point which is much more common among computer-display colorspaces (sRGB and AdobeRGB both use D65). Also unlike DCI-P3's 1/2.6 pure gamma curve, Display P3 uses the sRGB transfer curve (EOTF and thus display referred).[28]

References
  1. "Color spaces". Technicolor SA. Archived from the original on 2016-02-03. Retrieved 2016-02-01.
  2. Kid Jansen (2014-02-19). "The Pointer's Gamut". tftcentral. Retrieved 2018-12-13.
  3. The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, 2011, New York: RP 431-2, D-Cinema Quality – Reference Projector and Environment for the Display of DCDM in Review Rooms and Theaters
  4. Geoffrey Morrison (2015-04-12). "Ultra HD 4K TV color, part II: The (near) future". CNET. Retrieved 2016-02-01.
  5. "EG 432-1:2010 - Digital Source Processing — Color Processing for D-Cinema". Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. 2010-11-10. doi:10.5594/SMPTE.EG432-1.2010.
  6. "RP 431-2:2011 - D-Cinema Quality — Reference Projector and Environment". Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. 2011-04-06. doi:10.5594/SMPTE.RP431-2.2011.
  7. "UHD Alliance Defines Premium Home Entertainment Experience". Business Wire. 2016-01-04. Retrieved 2016-02-01.
  8. Andy Vandervell (2016-01-06). "What is Ultra HD Premium? New HDR standard explained". TrustedReviews. Time Inc. UK. Retrieved 2016-09-19.
  9. "The HDR screen of the Galaxy Note 7 could be the next big thing for phones". CNET. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  10. "Galaxy Note7 OLED Display Technology Shoot-Out". www.displaymate.com. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  11. Mike Wuerthele (2016-09-09). "Apple's Wide Color screen on the iPhone 7 will lead to more faithful color reproduction". AppleInsider. Retrieved 2016-09-19.
  12. "MacBook Pro - Technical Specifications". Apple. Retrieved 2017-09-15.
  13. Soneira, Raymond. "Galaxy S8 OLED Display Technology Shoot-Out". DisplayMate. Retrieved 4 April 2017.
  14. Rahman, Mishaal (29 June 2017). "Enable the OnePlus 5's DCI-P3 Wide Color Gamut Mode on the OnePlus 3T". xda-developers. Archived from the original on 29 June 2017. Retrieved 29 June 2017.
  15. "Microsoft Surface Studio Vs Apple iMac: Australian Specs And Pricing Compared". Lifehacker Australia. 2016-11-01. Retrieved 2017-09-15.
  16. "iPhone X - Technical Specifications". Apple. Retrieved 2017-09-15.
  17. "iPhone 8 - Technical Specifications". Apple. Retrieved 2017-09-15.
  18. "iPhone X OLED Display Technology Shoot-Out". www.displaymate.com. Retrieved 2018-01-02.
  19. "Forbes: Google Pixel 3 Vs Pixel 3 XL: What's The Difference?". Retrieved 2018-11-18.
  20. "HTC U11 Plus". HTC. Retrieved 3 November 2017.
  21. "iMac Pro - Technical Specifications". Apple. Retrieved 2017-08-18.
  22. Kelly, Gordon. "Google Pixel 3 Vs Pixel 3 XL: What's The Difference?". Forbes. Retrieved 2018-11-18.
  23. "CES 2018 ASUS Unveils ProArt PQ22UC OLED Monitor: 4K, 99% DCI-P3, 0.1 ms Response Time". ANDANTECH. Retrieved 2019-01-30.
  24. "Apple unveils powerful, all-new Mac Pro and groundbreaking Pro Display XDR". Apple. Retrieved 2020-11-29.
  25. "Acer's ConceptD Line Just Got Cheaper and More Powerful".
  26. Rajan Joshi; Shan Liu; Gary Sullivan; Gerhard Tech; Ye-Kui Wang; Jizheng Xu; Yan Ye (2016-01-31). "HEVC Screen Content Coding Draft Text 5". JCT-VC. Retrieved 2016-01-31.
  27. Dean Jackson (2016-07-01). "Improving Color on the Web". WebKit. Retrieved 2016-09-19.
  28. "displayP3 - CGColorSpace". Apple Developer Documentation. Retrieved 2017-08-18.
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