Elections in Colombia
Elections in Colombia are regulated and controlled by the National Electoral Council which provides information on elections and election results in for the politics of Colombia.
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Colombia elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a four-year term by the people. The Congress' (Congreso) has two chambers. The House of Representatives (Cámara de Representantes) has 162 members, elected for a four-year term by proportional representation. The Senate of the Republic (Senado de la República) has 102 members, elected for a four-year term by proportional representation.
Colombia used to have a two-party system, in which it could be difficult for third parties to find success. Politicians from the two main parties tended to win elections when not confronted by strong challengers from their own party (in which cases their traditional opponents tend to win).
Since the implementation of the 1991 constitution however, there has been a proliferation of 3rd parties which have won most recent elections.
Electoral fraud, bribery, and other scandals that occur at both municipal[1] and national[2] levels are part of Colombia's corruption problem.
Schedule
Election
| Position | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type | Presidential (May) Congress (March) | Local (October) | None | None | Presidential (May) Congress (March) |
| President and vice president |
President and vice president | None | President and vice president | ||
| Congress | All seats | None | All seats | ||
| Local | None | All positions | None | ||
Inauguration
| Position | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type | Presidential Congress | None | Local | None | Presidential Congress |
| President and vice president |
7 August | None | August 7 | ||
| Congress | 20 July | None | July 20 | ||
| Local | None | January 1 | None | ||
Latest elections
2018 Presidential election
| Candidate | Party/alliance | First round | Second round | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
| Iván Duque Márquez | Grand Alliance for Colombia | 7,569,693 | 39.14 | 10,373,080 | 53.98 | |
| Gustavo Petro | List of Decency | 4,851,254 | 25.09 | 8,034,189 | 41.81 | |
| Sergio Fajardo | Colombia Coalition | 4,589,696 | 23.73 | |||
| Germán Vargas Lleras | Mejor Vargas Lleras | 1,407,840 | 7.28 | |||
| Humberto De la Calle | PLC–ASI | 399,180 | 2.06 | |||
| Jorge Antonio Trujillo | We Are All Colombia | 75,614 | 0.39 | |||
| Promotores Voto En Blanco | Party of Ethnic Reclamation "PRE" | 60,312 | 0.31 | |||
| Viviane Morales Hoyos | Somos Región Colombia | 41,458 | 0.21 | |||
| Blank votes | 341,087 | 1.76 | 808,104 | 4.21 | ||
| Invalid votes | 300,080 | – | 295,499 | – | ||
| Total | 19,336,134 | 100 | 19,510,684 | 100 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 36,227,267 | 53.37 | 36,783,940 | 53.04 | ||
| Source: El Tiempo Government | ||||||
2018 Parliamentary election
House of Representatives
| Party | Votes | % | Seats |
|---|---|---|---|
| Colombian Liberal Party | 2,471,596 | 13.82% | 35 |
| Democratic Center | 2,388,405 | 13.36% | 32 |
| Radical Change | 2,140,630 | 11.97% | 30 |
| Social Party of National Unity | 1,840,481 | 10.29% | 25 |
| Colombian Conservative Party | 1,819,867 | 10.18% | 21 |
| Green Alliance | 884,146 | 4.94% | 9 |
| Independent Movement of Absolute Renovation | 585,638 | 3.27% | 1 |
| Alternative Democratic Pole | 444,912 | 2.49% | 2 |
| Citizen Option | 310,724 | 1.74% | 2 |
| List of Decency Coalition (ASI–UP–MAIS) | 262,282 | 1.47% | 2 |
| Partido Somos | 160,618 | 0.90% | 0 |
| Colombia Coalition | 121,338 | 0.68% | 0 |
| Colombia Justa Libres | 114,174 | 0.64% | 1 |
| Indigenous Social Alliance Movement | 112,340 | 0.63% | 0 |
| Alternative Santandereana Coalition | 71,953 | 0.40% | 1 |
| Alternative Indigenous and Social Movement | 44,034 | 0.25% | 1 |
| Colombia Justa Libres | 58,654 | 0.33% | 0 |
| List of Decency Coalition (ASI–UP–MAIS) | 49,426 | 0.28% | 0 |
| Patriotic Union | 42,910 | 0.28% | 0 |
| Citizen Force for Decency | 35,140 | 0.20% | 0 |
| Common Alternative Revolutionary Force (FARC) | 32,636 | 0.18% | 0 |
| AV–PDA | 21,849 | 0.12% | 0 |
| Coalition for the North | 17,935 | 0.10% | 0 |
| Todos Somos Colombia | 16,447 | 0.09% | 0 |
| Indigenous Authorities of Colombia | 11,244 | 0.06% | 0 |
| Arauca for All | 5,028 | 0.03% | 0 |
| Movement for Regional Integration | 3,033 | 0.02% | 0 |
| Afro-Colombian Seats | |||
| C.C. Ancenstral de Comunidades Negras Playa Renaciente | 32,439 | 0.18% | 1 |
| Consejo Comunitario La Mamuncia | 23,627 | 0.13% | 1 |
| C.C. de la Comunidad Negra de la Plata Bahía Málaga | 17,006 | 0.10% | 0 |
| Consejo Comunitario del Rio Yurumangui | 13,355 | 0.07% | 0 |
| Consejo Comunitario Mayor de Certegui | 11,743 | 0.07% | 0 |
| C.C. De Comun. Negras Palenque Vda. Las Trescientas y Mun. Galapa | 11,655 | 0.07% | 0 |
| Fundación Laborar por Colombia Fundalabor | 8,035 | 0.04% | 0 |
| Fundación Esperanza Afro-Esafro | 7,933 | 0.04% | 0 |
| Consejo Comunitario de Alejandro Duran Diaz | 7,828 | 0.04% | 0 |
| Todos Somos Colombia | 7,287 | 0.04% | 0 |
| Corporación Poder Ciudadano | 6,597 | 0.04% | 0 |
| Consejo Comunitario Renacer Negro | 6,346 | 0.04% | 0 |
| Si Se Puede | 5,904 | 0.03% | 0 |
| Consejo Comunitario Bocas del Atrato y Leoncito | 3,919 | 0.02% | 0 |
| Consejo Comunitario Ma Kankamana de San Basilio de Palenque | 3,795 | 0.02% | 0 |
| C.C. de la Comunidad Negra de la Calle Larga Rio Dagua | 3,527 | 0.02% | 0 |
| C.C. de los Corregimientos de San Antonio y El Castillo | 3,292 | 0.02% | 0 |
| Consejo Comunitario Los Andes | 3,220 | 0.02% | 0 |
| Consejo Comunitario Veredas Unidas Un Bien Común | 3,194 | 0.02% | 0 |
| ACN-EAT | 2,991 | 0.02% | 0 |
| C.C. De La Comun. Negra De Tierra Baja Mi Territorio Ancestral | 2,980 | 0.02% | 0 |
| Consejo Comunitario Imbilpi del Carmen | 2,451 | 0.01% | 0 |
| Consejo Comunitario de la Comunidad Negra de Limones | 2,403 | 0.01% | 0 |
| AFROSANPEDRO | 2,329 | 0.01% | 0 |
| FUNAFROPECOR | 2,193 | 0.01% | 0 |
| Consejo Comunitario Tablon Salado | 2,134 | 0.01% | 0 |
| AFROCODES | 1,988 | 0.01% | 0 |
| Asociación Colombia Negra Huellas de Africania en Paz | 1,915 | 0.01% | 0 |
| Kusuto Magende Cokumalu de Luruaco | 1,905 | 0.01% | 0 |
| Consejo Comunitario de las Baras | 1,873 | 0.01% | 0 |
| Fundación Amor y Paz | 1,691 | 0.01% | 0 |
| Consejo Comunitario de Comunidades Negras Obatala | 1,634 | 0.01% | 0 |
| CENAFROZ | 1,628 | 0.01% | 0 |
| Cuenca del Rio Iscuande | 1,557 | 0.01% | 0 |
| Consejo Comunitario de Comunidades Negras Santo Domingo | 1,554 | 0.01% | 0 |
| Org. Social de Comunidades Negras "Nelson Mandela" | 1,533 | 0.01% | 0 |
| FUNETCOL | 1,509 | 0.01% | 0 |
| C.C. General del Río Baudó y Sus Afluentes "Acaba" | 1,340 | 0.01% | 0 |
| Los Palenkes | 1,314 | 0.01% | 0 |
| FUNDEVIA | 1,075 | 0.01% | 0 |
| Fundación Renacer Para Todos | 1,010 | 0.01% | 0 |
| Asoc. de Afr. Sin Animo de Lucro de S. Cristóbal Sur Asafroscol 4 | 1,006 | 0.01% | 0 |
| Indigenous Seats | |||
| Alternative Indigenous and Social Movement | 99,645 | 0.56% | 1 |
| Indigenous Authorities of Colombia | 45,969 | 0.26% | 0 |
| UAIZSACOR | 4,437 | 0.02% | 0 |
| ANICOL | 4,308 | 0.02% | 0 |
| Taita Zipa Foundation | 2,442 | 0.01% | 0 |
| Casiyouren Traditional Authority | 1,909 | 0.01% | 0 |
| Invalid/blank votes | 3,433,453 | – | – |
| Total | 17,882,318 | 100 | 166 |
| Registered voters/turnout | 36,493,318 | – | |
| Source: RNEC (99.03% of polling stations reporting) | |||
Senate
| Party | Votes | % | Seats |
|---|---|---|---|
| National Seats | |||
| Democratic Center | 2,513,320 | 17.36 | 19 |
| Radical Change | 2,155,487 | 14.89 | 16 |
| Colombian Conservative Party | 1,927,320 | 13.32 | 15 |
| Colombian Liberal Party | 1,901,933 | 13.14 | 14 |
| Social Party of National Unity | 1,853,054 | 12.80 | 14 |
| Green Alliance | 1,317,429 | 9.10 | 10 |
| Alternative Democratic Pole | 736,367 | 5.09 | 5 |
| List of Decency Coalition (ASI–UP–MAIS) | 523,286 | 3.62 | 4 |
| Independent Movement of Absolute Renovation | 501,489 | 3.46 | 3 |
| Colombia Justa Libres | 431,418 | 2.98 | 0 |
| Citizen Option | 354,042 | 2.45 | 0 |
| Partido Somos | 94,349 | 0.65 | 0 |
| Todos Somos Colombia | 63,443 | 0.44 | 0 |
| Common Alternative Revolutionary Force (FARC) | 52,532 | 0.36 | 0 |
| Union for Fortaleza | 34,121 | 0.24 | 0 |
| Si Se Puede | 14,860 | 0.10 | 0 |
| Indigenous Seats | |||
| Alternative Indigenous and Social Movement | 72,591 | 45.68 | 1 |
| Indigenous Authorities of Colombia | 34,957 | 22.00 | 1 |
| Indigenous Social Alliance Movement | 23,742 | 14.94 | 0 |
| Political Sovereignty Movement | 15,692 | 9.87 | 0 |
| Casiyouren Traditional Authority | 5,370 | 3.38 | 0 |
| Ethnic Renovation of Colombia | 4,382 | 2.76 | 0 |
| Indigenous Environmental Movement | 2,181 | 1.37 | 0 |
| Invalid/blank votes | 3,184,820 | – | – |
| Total | 17,818,185 | 100 | 102 |
| Registered voters/turnout | 36,493,318 | 48.82 | – |
| Source: Colombia.com (98.97% of polling stations reporting) | |||
References
- "Investigan a 17 alcaldes por mal uso de recursos para invierno". El Tiempo (in Spanish). 7 September 2011. Retrieved 23 September 2011.
- "Colombia President's Aide Linked to Drug Money". New York Times. 27 July 1995.
External links
- Adam Carr's Election Archive
- Calendario Elecciones 2006 (Registraduría General de la Nación)
- Democracia a distancia: Elecciones 2006 (Portalcol.com)
- Votebien.com
| Presidential elections | |
|---|---|
| Legislative elections | |
| Regional elections | |
| Referendums | |
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