Endorsements in the 2012 Republican Party presidential primaries

This article is a list of endorsements made by members of the 112th United States Congress and other elected officials during the 2012 Republican Party presidential primaries. Endorsements of statesmen and celebrities are also important to candidates. Late in the Republican race cycle, Romney toured Israel and Poland after a visit to the London 2012 Olympics. He received the endorsement of former President of Poland Lech Wałęsa,[3] and soon after, the endorsement of actor and Second Amendment proponent Clint Eastwood.[4] The winning of endorsements, also known as the Endorsement Race or Endorsement Derby, is argued to be a vital feature of the United States presidential race and the political party system.

Cumulative endorsements
As of May 7, 2012
Candidate Endorsement by: Total
Governor Senate House
Jon Huntsman Jr. (withdrawn) 0 0 1 1
Tim Pawlenty (withdrawn) 0 0 2 2
Ron Paul 0 0 3 3
Rick Santorum (withdrawn) 0 0 6 6
Rick Perry (withdrawn) 1 1 9 11
Newt Gingrich (withdrawn) 1 0 11 12
Mitt Romney 19 28 85 132

2012 Republican Party presidential primaries

January 3 to July 14, 2012
 
Candidate Mitt Romney Rick Santorum
Home state Massachusetts Pennsylvania
Delegate count 1,575 245
Contests won 42[1] 11[1]
Popular vote 10,048,134[2] 3,938,527[2]
Percentage 52.14% 20.44%

 
Candidate Ron Paul Newt Gingrich
Home state Texas Georgia
Delegate count 177 138
Contests won 1[1] 2[1]
Popular vote 2,099,441[2] 2,737,442[2]
Percentage 10.89% 14.20%


Previous Republican nominee

John McCain

Republican nominee

Mitt Romney

Tier 1

Former Presidents of the United States

Former President Party State Endorsement Date Notes Reference
George H. W. Bush Republican Texas Mitt Romney March 28, 2012 41st President of the United States
43rd Vice President of the United States
[5]
George W. Bush Republican Texas Mitt Romney May 15, 2012 43rd President of the United States [6]

Withdrawn 2012 Republican candidates

Former candidate Party State Endorsement Date Notes Reference
Tim Pawlenty Republican Minnesota Mitt Romney 9.12.2011 [7]
Thaddeus McCotter Republican Michigan Mitt Romney September 22, 2011 [8]
Gary Johnson Republican/Libertarian New Mexico Ron Paul December 28, 2011 Encouraged support for Paul in Republican primaries, but his own candidacy (Libertarian) in the general election.
Jon Huntsman Jr. Republican Utah Mitt Romney January 16, 2012 [9]
Herman Cain Republican Georgia Mitt Romney April 17, 2012 Originally endorsed Newt Gingrich on January 28, 2012[10] [11]
Rick Perry Republican Texas Mitt Romney April 26, 2012 Originally endorsed Newt Gingrich on January 19, 2012[12] [13]
Michele Bachmann Republican Minnesota Mitt Romney 5.3.2012 [14]
Newt Gingrich Republican Georgia Mitt Romney 5.6.2012 [15]
Rick Santorum Republican Pennsylvania Mitt Romney 5.7.2012 [16]

Current Governors

Governor Party State or Territory Endorsement Date Notes Reference
Terry Branstad Republican Iowa Mitt Romney 4.10.2012 [17]
Jan Brewer Republican Arizona Mitt Romney February 26, 2012 [18]
Sam Brownback Republican Kansas Rick Perry (withdrawn) September 22, 2011 2008 presidential candidate [19]
Phil Bryant Republican Mississippi Mitt Romney 3.8.2012 [20]
Eddie Calvo Republican Guam Mitt Romney 3.9.2012 [21]
Chris Christie Republican New Jersey Mitt Romney 10.11.2011 [22]
Mitch Daniels Republican Indiana Mitt Romney April 18, 2012 [23]
Nathan Deal Republican Georgia Newt Gingrich (withdrawn) December 13, 2011 [24]
Benigno Fitial Republican Northern Mariana Islands Mitt Romney 3.9.2012 [25]
Luis Fortuño Republican Puerto Rico Mitt Romney January 27, 2012 [26]
Bill Haslam Republican Tennessee Mitt Romney 1.11.2012 [27]
Nikki Haley Republican South Carolina Mitt Romney December 16, 2011 [28]
Dave Heineman Republican Nebraska Mitt Romney 6.10.2011 [29]
Gary Herbert Republican Utah Mitt Romney February 2, 2012 [30]
Bobby Jindal Republican Louisiana Mitt Romney 4.10.2012 Originally endorsed Rick Perry on 9.12.2011[31] [32]
Bob McDonnell Republican Virginia Mitt Romney January 20, 2012 [33]
Butch Otter Republican Idaho Mitt Romney June 20, 2011 [29]
Rick Perry Republican Texas Mitt Romney April 26, 2012 Originally endorsed Newt Gingrich on January 19, 2012[12] [13]
Brian Sandoval Republican Nevada Mitt Romney 4.11.2012 Originally endorsed Rick Perry on September 13, 2012[34] [35]
Rick Scott Republican Florida Mitt Romney 4.10.2011 [36]
Rick Snyder Republican Michigan Mitt Romney February 16, 2012 [37]

Current Senators

Senator Party State Endorsement Date Notes Reference
Lamar Alexander Republican Tennessee Mitt Romney February 24, 2012 [38]
Kelly Ayotte Republican New Hampshire Mitt Romney November 20, 2011 [39]
John Barrasso Republican Wyoming Mitt Romney April 13, 2012 [40]
Roy Blunt Republican Missouri Mitt Romney September 20, 2011 [41]
Scott Brown Republican Massachusetts Mitt Romney [42]
Richard Burr Republican North Carolina Mitt Romney 11.29.11 [43]
Tom Coburn Republican Oklahoma Mitt Romney 3.4.12 [44]
Thad Cochran Republican Mississippi Mitt Romney 10.12.2011 [45]
Mike Enzi Republican Wyoming Mitt Romney April 13, 2012 [40]
Lindsey Graham Republican South Carolina Mitt Romney 4.10.2011 [36]
Orrin Hatch Republican Utah Mitt Romney 7.6.2011 [46][47]
Dean Heller Republican Nevada Mitt Romney 4.11.2012 [35]
John Hoeven Republican North Dakota Mitt Romney November 18, 2011 [48]
Kay Bailey Hutchison Republican Texas Mitt Romney May 15, 2012 [49]
Jim Inhofe Republican Oklahoma Rick Perry (withdrawn) August 28, 2011 [50]
Mike Johanns Republican Nebraska Mitt Romney December 21, 2011 [51]
Ron Johnson Republican Wisconsin Mitt Romney 4.1.2012 [52]
Mark Kirk Republican Illinois Mitt Romney December 19, 2011 [53]
Jon Kyl Republican Arizona Mitt Romney April 20, 2012 Minority Whip of the United States Senate [54]
Mike Lee Republican Utah Mitt Romney March 26, 2012 [55]
John McCain Republican Arizona Mitt Romney 1.4.2012 2008 Republican presidential nominee [56]
Mitch McConnell Republican Kentucky Mitt Romney April 17, 2012 Minority Leader of the United States Senate [57]
Lisa Murkowski Republican Alaska Mitt Romney 12.2.2011 [58]
Rand Paul Republican Kentucky Mitt Romney 6.7.2012 Originally endorsed his father, Ron Paul[59] [60]
Rob Portman Republican Ohio Mitt Romney January 19, 2012 [61]
Jim Risch Republican Idaho Mitt Romney June 20, 2011 [45]
Marco Rubio Republican Florida Mitt Romney March 28, 2012 [62]
John Thune Republican South Dakota Mitt Romney November 23, 2011 [63]
Pat Toomey Republican Pennsylvania Mitt Romney 4.10.2012 [64]

Current Representatives

U.S. Representative Party State Endorsement Date Notes Reference
Joe Barton Republican Texas Newt Gingrich (withdrawn) 5.12.2011 [65]
Michael Burgess Republican Texas Newt Gingrich (withdrawn) [66]
Dan Burton Republican Indiana Newt Gingrich (withdrawn) [67]
Trent Franks Republican Arizona Newt Gingrich (withdrawn) January 13, 2012 Originally endorsed Michele Bachmann on 12.1.2011[68] [69]
Phil Gingrey Republican Georgia Newt Gingrich (withdrawn) August 26, 2011 [66]
Andrew Harris Republican Maryland Newt Gingrich (withdrawn) November 30, 2011 [70]
Jack Kingston Republican Georgia Newt Gingrich (withdrawn) May 17, 2011 [71]
Tom Price Republican Georgia Newt Gingrich (withdrawn) 5.4.2011 [72]
David Rivera Republican Florida Newt Gingrich (withdrawn) January 13, 2012 [73]
Austin Scott Republican Georgia Newt Gingrich (withdrawn) August 26, 2011 [74]
Lynn Westmoreland Republican Georgia Newt Gingrich (withdrawn) [66]
Richard Hanna Republican New York Jon Huntsman (withdrawn) 1.8.2012 [75]
Justin Amash Republican Michigan Ron Paul [66]
Tim Johnson Republican Illinois Ron Paul March 13, 2012 [76]
Walter Jones Republican North Carolina Ron Paul [66]
John Kline Republican Minnesota Tim Pawlenty (withdrawn) 2.24.11 [77]
Joe Wilson Republican South Carolina Tim Pawlenty (withdrawn) 6.9.2011 [78]
Mike Coffman Republican Colorado Rick Perry (withdrawn) October 17, 2011 [79]
John Culberson Republican Texas Rick Perry (withdrawn) [66]
Sam Graves Republican Missouri Rick Perry (withdrawn) August 15, 2011 [80]
Jeb Hensarling Republican Texas Rick Perry (withdrawn) August 25, 2011 [81]
Sam Johnson Republican Texas Rick Perry (withdrawn) [66]
Kenny Marchant Republican Texas Rick Perry (withdrawn) [66]
Mike McCaul Republican Texas Rick Perry (withdrawn) [66]
Mick Mulvaney Republican South Carolina Rick Perry (withdrawn) [66]
Steve Scalise Republican Louisiana Rick Perry (withdrawn) [82]
Sandy Adams Republican Florida Mitt Romney January 18, 2012 [83]
Rodney Alexander Republican Louisiana Mitt Romney 10.6.2011 [84]
Mark Amodei Republican Nevada Mitt Romney October 26, 2011 [85]
Michele Bachmann Republican Minnesota Mitt Romney 5.3.2012 [14]
Spencer Bachus Republican Alabama Mitt Romney 4.11.2012 [86]
Charlie Bass Republican New Hampshire Mitt Romney November 21, 2011 [39]
Dan Benishek Republican Michigan Mitt Romney January 20, 2012 Originally endorsed Herman Cain on 11.5.2011[87] [88]
Judy Biggert Republican Illinois Mitt Romney 10.12.2011 [89]
Brian Bilbray Republican California Mitt Romney 12.6.2011 [90]
Rob Bishop Republican Utah Mitt Romney [66]
Diane Black Republican Tennessee Mitt Romney 12.5.2011 [91]
John Boehner Republican Ohio Mitt Romney April 17, 2012 Speaker of the United States House of Representatives [57]
Jo Bonner Republican Alabama Mitt Romney 4.11.2012 [86]
Mary Bono Mack Republican California Mitt Romney [66]
Mo Brooks Republican Alabama Mitt Romney 4.11.2012 [86]
Ken Calvert Republican California Mitt Romney 12.6.2011 [90]
Dave Camp Republican Michigan Mitt Romney December 20, 2011 Chairman of the House Ways And Means Committee [92]
John Campbell Republican California Mitt Romney [66]
Eric Cantor Republican Virginia Mitt Romney 3.4.2012 House Majority Leader [93]
John Carter Republican Texas Mitt Romney 4.5.2012 Originally endorsed Rick Perry[66] [94]
Steve Chabot Republican Ohio Mitt Romney April 18, 2012 [95]
Jason Chaffetz Republican Utah Mitt Romney Former Campaign Manager for Jon Huntsman's gubernatorial campaign. [96]
Howard Coble Republican North Carolina Mitt Romney October 17, 2011 [97]
Mike Conaway Republican Texas Mitt Romney January 20, 2012 Originally endorsed Rick Perry[66] [98]
Ander Crenshaw Republican Florida Mitt Romney June 16, 2011 [99]
Jeff Denham Republican California Mitt Romney March 27, 2012 [100]
Charlie Dent Republican Pennsylvania Mitt Romney March 13, 2012 [101]
Scott DesJarlais Republican Tennessee Mitt Romney 3.2.2012 [102]
Mario Díaz-Balart Republican Florida Mitt Romney November 29, 2011 [103]
Robert Dold Republican Illinois Mitt Romney November 14, 2011 [104]
Jimmy Duncan Republican Tennessee Mitt Romney 12.5.2011 [91]
Mike Fitzpatrick Republican Pennsylvania Mitt Romney 3.2.2012 [105]
Jeff Flake Republican Arizona Mitt Romney September 19, 2011 [106]
Virginia Foxx Republican North Carolina Mitt Romney October 17, 2011 [97]
Jim Gerlach Republican Pennsylvania Mitt Romney [66]
Kay Granger Republican Texas Mitt Romney January 20, 2012 [98]
Timothy Griffin Republican Arkansas Mitt Romney 10.5.2011 [107]
Michael Grimm Republican New York Mitt Romney [108]
Nan Hayworth Republican New York Mitt Romney [109]
Joe Heck Republican Nevada Mitt Romney [66]
Wally Herger Republican California Mitt Romney [66]
Jaime Herrera Beutler Republican Washington Mitt Romney 2.6.2012 [110]
Bill Huizenga Republican Michigan Mitt Romney [66]
Darrell Issa Republican California Mitt Romney Chairman of the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee [46]
Leonard Lance Republican New Jersey Mitt Romney October 26, 2011 [111]
Steve LaTourette Republican Ohio Mitt Romney October 26, 2011 [112]
Jerry Lewis Republican California Mitt Romney 12.6.2011 [90]
Billy Long Republican Missouri Mitt Romney [113]
Cynthia Lummis Republican Wyoming Mitt Romney November 14, 2011 [114]
Connie Mack IV Republican Florida Mitt Romney [99]
Kevin McCarthy Republican California Mitt Romney March 26, 2012 Majority Whip of the United States House of Representatives [55]
Thaddeus McCotter Republican Michigan Mitt Romney [8]
Patrick McHenry Republican North Carolina Mitt Romney October 17, 2011 [97]
Howard McKeon Republican California Mitt Romney Chairman of the House Armed Services Committee [115]
Cathy McMorris Rodgers Republican Washington Mitt Romney 12.7.2011 [116]
John Mica Republican Florida Mitt Romney Chairman of the House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee [66]
Candice Miller Republican Michigan Mitt Romney March 21, 2012 Originally endorsed Rick Perry[117] [118]
Jeff Miller Republican Florida Mitt Romney October 28, 2011 [119]
Pete Olson Republican Texas Mitt Romney January 20, 2012 [98]
Erik Paulsen Republican Minnesota Mitt Romney January 26, 2012 Originally endorsed Tim Pawlenty[77] [120]
Dave Reichert Republican Washington Mitt Romney February 28, 2012 [121]
Jim Renacci Republican Ohio Mitt Romney October 25, 2011 [122]
Martha Roby Republican Alabama Mitt Romney 4.11.2012 [86]
Phil Roe Republican Tennessee Mitt Romney 12.5.2011 [91]
Hal Rogers Republican Kentucky Mitt Romney October 17, 2011 Chairman of the House Appropriations Committee [123]
Mike Rogers Republican Alabama Mitt Romney [66]
Mike Rogers Republican Michigan Mitt Romney December 22, 2011 [124]
Dana Rohrabacher Republican California Mitt Romney December 12, 2011 [125]
Todd Rokita Republican Indiana Mitt Romney September 23, 2011 [126]
Tom Rooney Republican Florida Mitt Romney [99]
Ileana Ros-Lehtinen Republican Florida Mitt Romney November 29, 2011 [103]
Paul Ryan Republican Wisconsin Mitt Romney March 30, 2012 Chairman of the House Budget Committee [127]
Aaron Schock Republican Illinois Mitt Romney 11.8.2011 [128]
Pete Sessions Republican Texas Mitt Romney 4.5.2012 Chairman of the National Republican Congressional Committee [94]
John Shimkus Republican Illinois Mitt Romney March 18, 2012 [129]
Bill Shuster Republican Pennsylvania Mitt Romney March 13, 2012 [101]
Mike Simpson Republican Idaho Mitt Romney [130]
Lamar Smith Republican Texas Mitt Romney October 26, 2011 Chairman of the House Judiciary Committee [131]
Mac Thornberry Republican Texas Mitt Romney 4.5.2012 [94]
Mike Turner Republican Ohio Mitt Romney January 17, 2012 [132]
Fred Upton Republican Michigan Mitt Romney 2.8.2012 [133]
Tim Walberg Republican Michigan Mitt Romney 2.8.2012 [133]
Greg Walden Republican Oregon Mitt Romney October 14, 2011 [134]
Ed Whitfield Republican Kentucky Mitt Romney October 17, 2011 [123]
Steve Womack Republican Arkansas Mitt Romney January 19, 2012 [135]
Robert Aderholt Republican Alabama Rick Santorum (withdrawn) February 24, 2012 [136]
Lou Barletta Republican Pennsylvania Rick Santorum (withdrawn) [69][137]
Jo Ann Emerson Republican Missouri Rick Santorum (withdrawn) 3.10.2012 [138][139]
Tom Marino Republican Pennsylvania Rick Santorum (withdrawn) [137]
Alan Nunnelee Republican Mississippi Rick Santorum (withdrawn) March 13, 2012 [140]
Glenn Thompson Republican Pennsylvania Rick Santorum (withdrawn) [137]

Tier 2 (State Senators and Representatives)

Michele Bachmann (withdrawn)

Senator or Representative Party State Date Notes Reference
Senator Nancy Boettger Republican Iowa June 30, 2011 [141]
Senator Mark Chelgren Republican Iowa 7.2.2011 [142]
Senator Jack Whitver Republican Iowa [142]
Senator Brad Zaun Republican Iowa June 28, 2011 [142]
Representative Mark Brandenburg Republican Iowa 8.9.2011 [143]
Representative Betty De Boef Republican Iowa 8.9.2011 [143]

Herman Cain (withdrawn)

Senator or Representative Party State Date Notes Reference
Senator Joe Hune Republican Michigan November 15, 2011 [144]
Senator Joshua McKoon Republican Georgia [145]
Senator Renee Unterman Republican Georgia 11.9.2011 [146]
Representative Larry Ahern Republican Florida September 23, 2011 [147]
Representative J. Michael Ball Republican New Hampshire November 19, 2011 [148]
Representative Charles Brosseau Republican New Hampshire November 19, 2011 [148]
Representative William Condra Republican New Hampshire November 19, 2011 [148]
Representative Rusty Kidd Independent Georgia August 31, 2011 [149]
Representative Billy Maddox Republican Georgia August 31, 2011 [150]
Representative Kevin Reichard Republican New Hampshire November 19, 2011 [148]
Representative Steven Smith Republican New Hampshire September 14, 2011 [151]
Representative Joseph Thomas Republican New Hampshire November 19, 2011 [148]

Newt Gingrich (withdrawn)

Senator or Representative Party State Date Notes Reference
Senator Thad Altman Republican Florida 1.6.2012 [152]
Senator Randy Feenstra Republican Iowa December 15, 2011 [153]
Senator Shawn Hamerlinck Republican Iowa December 15, 2011 [153]
Senator Judson Hill Republican Georgia August 26, 2011 [74]
Senator David Johnson Republican Iowa December 15, 2011 [153]
Senator Ray Merrick Republican Kansas February 15, 2012 Former State House Majority Leader [154]
Senator Jim Norman Republican Florida 1.6.2012 [152]
Senator Rob Olson Republican Kansas February 15, 2012 [154]
Senator Rick Quinn Republican South Carolina January 19, 2012 [155]
Senator James Seymour Republican Iowa December 15, 2011 [153]
Representative Donald Andolina Republican New Hampshire 1.3.2012 [156]
Representative Michael Bileca Republican Florida 1.6.2012 [152]
Representative Kenny Bingham Republican South Carolina 1.2.2012 State House Majority Leader [157]
Representative Paulette Braddock Republican Georgia August 26, 2011 [74]
Representative Charles Brosseau Republican New Hampshire 1.3.2012 [156]
Representative Anthony Brown Republican Kansas February 15, 2012 [154]
Representative Josh Byrnes Republican Iowa December 15, 2011 [153]
Representative Sam Cataldo Republican New Hampshire November 29, 2011 Originally endorsed Herman Cain on November 19, 2011.[148] [158]
Representative Sharon Cooper Republican Georgia August 26, 2011 [74]
Representative J.C. Daugherty Republican New Hampshire 1.3.2012 [156]
Representative Robert Elliott Republican New Hampshire 1.3.2012 [156]
Representative Harry Geisinger Republican Georgia August 26, 2011 [74]
Representative Mario Goico Republican Kansas February 15, 2012 [154]
Representative Chris Hagenow Republican Iowa December 15, 2011 [153]
Representative Bob Hager Republican Iowa December 15, 2011 [153]
Representative Bobby Harrell Republican South Carolina January 19, 2012 Speaker of the State House [159]
Representative Gayle Harrell Republican Florida 1.6.2012 [152]
Representative Matt Hatchett Republican Georgia August 26, 2011 [74]
Representative Gregory Hill Republican New Hampshire 1.3.2012 [156]
Representative Sean Jerguson Republican Georgia August 26, 2011 [74]
Representative Jeff Kaufmann Republican Iowa December 15, 2011 [153]
Representative Frank Kotowski Republican New Hampshire 1.3.2012 [156]
Representative Kathleen Lauer-Rago Republican New Hampshire 1.3.2012 [156]
Representative Trent LeDoux Republican Kansas February 15, 2012 [154]
Representative Deborah Mayfield Republican Florida 1.6.2012 [152]
Representative Peter McCoy Republican South Carolina 1.2.2012 [160]
Representative William O'Brien Republican New Hampshire December 21, 2011 Speaker of the State House [161]
Representative William Panek Republican New Hampshire November 29, 2011 Originally endorsed Herman Cain on November 19, 2011.[148] [158]
Representative Kraig Paulsen Republican Iowa December 21, 2011 Speaker of the State House [162]
Representative Joseph Pitre Republican New Hampshire 1.3.2012 [156]
Representative Larry Powell Republican Kansas February 15, 2012 [154]
Representative Scott Raecker Republican Iowa December 30, 2011 Chairman of the State House Appropriations Committee [163]
Representative John Rubin Republican Kansas February 15, 2012 [154]
Representative Frank Sapareto Republican New Hampshire 1.3.2012 [156]
Representative Scott Schwab Republican Kansas February 15, 2012 [154]
Representative Ken Sheffert Republican New Hampshire 1.3.2012 [156]
Representative Greg Sorg Republican New Hampshire 1.3.2012 [156]
Representative Carlos Trujillo Republican Florida 1.6.2012 Originally endorsed Herman Cain[164] [152]
Representative Joe Wilkinson Republican Georgia August 26, 2011 [74]
Representative Linda Upmeyer Republican Iowa January 25, 2011 State House Majority Leader [165]

Jon Huntsman (withdrawn)

Senator or Representative Party State Date Notes Reference
Senator Ellyn Setnor Bogdanoff Republican Florida August 17, 2011 [166]
Senator John E. Courson Republican South Carolina [167]
Representative Peter Bolster Republican New Hampshire October 20, 2011 [168]
Representative Julie Brown Republican New Hampshire [169]
Representative Richard Drisko Republican New Hampshire October 20, 2011 [168]
Representative Carolyn Gargasz Republican New Hampshire October 20, 2011 [168]
Representative David Kidder Republican New Hampshire October 20, 2011 [168]
Representative David Knox Republican New Hampshire [170]
Representative Rick Ladd Jr. Republican New Hampshire [170]
Representative Priscilla Lockwood Republican New Hampshire October 20, 2011 [168]
Representative David Robbins Republican New Hampshire October 20, 2011 [168]
Representative Jeff St. Cyr Republican New Hampshire [170]
Representative Adam Schroadter Republican New Hampshire [169]
Representative Jim Waddell Republican New Hampshire [169]

Gary Johnson (withdrawn)

Senator or Representative Party State Date Notes Reference
Representative Bruce MacMahon Republican New Hampshire 10.4.2011 [171]
Representative Brian Seaworth Republican New Hampshire 10.4.2011 [171]
Representative Kyle Tasker Republican New Hampshire 10.4.2011 [171]

Ron Paul

Senator or Representative Party State Date Notes Reference
Senator Lee Bright Republican South Carolina January 17, 2012 [172]
Senator Kevin Bryant Republican South Carolina January 17, 2012 [172]
Senator Tom Davis Republican South Carolina January 15, 2012 [173]
Senator Mike Doherty Republican New Jersey September 26, 2011 [174]
Senator Jim Forsythe Republican New Hampshire 6.8.2011 [175]
Senator Nicholas D. Kettle Republican Rhode Island [176]
Senator Shirley McKague Republican Idaho [177]
Senator Monty Pearce Republican Idaho 3.2.2012 [178]
Senator Andy Sanborn Republican New Hampshire October 26, 2011 [179]
Senator Kent Sorenson Republican Iowa December 28, 2011 Former Michele Bachmann Iowa state campaign chair [180]
Senator Danny Verdin Republican South Carolina January 17, 2012 [172]
Senator Ray White Republican New Hampshire December 14, 2011 [181]
Representative Vito Barbieri Republican Idaho [177]
Representative Glen Bradley Republican North Carolina [182]
Representative Jenn Coffey Republican New Hampshire [183]
Representative Tim Comerford Republican New Hampshire [183]
Representative Paul Curtman Republican Missouri February 18, 2012 [184]
Representative Cameron DeJong Republican New Hampshire [185]
Representative Phil Hart Republican Idaho August 16, 2011 [186]
Representative Kyle Jones Republican New Hampshire August 16, 2011 [187]
Representative Laura Jones Republican New Hampshire [183]
Representative George Lambert Republican New Hampshire [185]
Representative Aaron Libby Republican Maine January 28, 2012 [188]
Representative Glen Massie Republican Iowa May 23, 2011 [189]
Representative Donna Mauro Republican New Hampshire [183]
Representative Andrew Manuse Republican New Hampshire 10.1.2011 [190]
Representative Paul Mirski Republican New Hampshire 7.11.2011 [191]
Representative Keith Murphy Republican New Hampshire November 22, 2011 [192]
Representative Pete Nielsen Republican Idaho [177]
Representative Kim Pearson Republican Iowa 6.8.2011 [193]
Representative Joel Robideaux Republican Louisiana January 20, 2012 State House Speaker Pro Tempore [194]
Representative Jason Schultz Republican Iowa [195]
Representative Tammy Simmons Republican New Hampshire [183]
Representative Norman Tregenza Republican New Hampshire [175]
Representative Lucien Vita Republican New Hampshire [187]
Representative Carol Vita Republican New Hampshire [187]
Representative Mark Warden Republican New Hampshire [183]

Rick Perry (withdrawn)

Senator or Representative Party State Date Notes Reference
Senator Don Gaetz Republican Florida August 30, 2011 [196]
Senator Harvey S. Peeler Jr. Republican South Carolina State Senate Majority Leader [197]
Representative Jeff Brandes Republican Florida [198]
Representative Dean Cannon Republican Florida August 24, 2011 Speaker of the Florida House of Representatives [199]
Representative Matt Gaetz Republican Florida [198]
Representative Daniel Logue Republican California [200]
Representative Carlos Lopez-Cantera Republican Florida September 22, 2011 State House Majority Leader [201]

Mitt Romney

Senator or Representative Party State Date Notes Reference
Senator John C. Andreason Republican Idaho 2.8.2012 [202]
Senator Steve Bair Republican Idaho 2.8.2012 [202]
Senator Toni Boucher Republican Connecticut September 29, 2011 [203]
Senator Bert Brackett Republican Idaho 2.8.2012 [202]
Senator Dean L. Cameron Republican Idaho 2.8.2012 [202]
Senator Rich Crandall Republican Arizona February 2, 2012 [204]
Senator Denton Darrington Republican Idaho 2.8.2012 [202]
Senator Bart Davis Republican Idaho June 20, 2011 State Senate Majority Leader [205]
Senator Adam Driggs Republican Arizona February 2, 2012 [204]
Senator Scott Frantz Republican Connecticut September 29, 2011 [203]
Senator Lee Heider Republican Idaho 2.8.2012 [202]
Senator Brent Hill Republican Idaho June 20, 2011 State Senate President Pro Tempore [205]
Senator Rick Jones Republican Michigan [133]
Senator Rob Kane Republican Connecticut September 29, 2011 [203]
Senator Shawn Keough Republican Idaho 2.8.2012 [202]
Senator Steve King Republican Colorado 2.6.2012 [206]
Senator Jerry Lewis Republican Arizona February 2, 2012 [204]
Senator John McComish Republican Arizona February 2, 2012 [204]
Senator John McKinney Republican Connecticut September 29, 2011 State Senate Minority Leader [203]
Senator Michael McLachlan Republican Connecticut September 29, 2011 [203]
Senator Dean Mortimer Republican Idaho 2.8.2012 [202]
Senator John Proos Republican Michigan [133]
Senator Michele Reagan Republican Arizona February 2, 2012 [204]
Senator Randy Richardville Republican Michigan State Senate Majority Leader [133]
Senator Tonya Schuitmaker Republican Michigan [133]
Senator Jeff Siddoway Republican Idaho 2.8.2012 [202]
Senator Liane Sorenson Republican Delaware October 27, 2011 [207]
Senator Nancy Spence Republican Colorado [208]
Senator John Tippets Republican Idaho 2.8.2012 [202]
Senator Cam Ward Republican Alabama October 21, 2011 [209]
Senator Jean White Republican Colorado 2.4.2012 [208]
Senator Chuck Winder Republican Idaho June 20, 2011 Assistant State Senate Majority Leader [205]
Senator Kevin Witkos Republican Connecticut September 29, 2011 [203]
Representative Cindy Acree Republican Colorado [208]
Representative Mike Alberts Republican Connecticut September 29, 2011 [203]
Representative Eric Anderson Republican Idaho 2.8.2012 [202]
Representative Cecil Ash Republican Arizona February 2, 2012 [204]
Representative Linden B. Bateman Republican Idaho 2.8.2012 [202]
Representative Scott Bedke Republican Idaho June 20, 2011 State House Assistant Majority Leader [205]
Representative Maxine Bell Republican Idaho 2.8.2012 [202]
Representative Sharon L. Block Republican Idaho 2.8.2012 [202]
Representative Jase Bolger Republican Michigan Speaker of the State House [133]
Representative Kate Brophy Republican Arizona February 2, 2012 [204]
Representative Larry Cafero Republican Connecticut September 29, 2011 State House Minority Leader [203]
Representative Heather Carter Republican Arizona February 2, 2012 [204]
Representative Steve Court Republican Arizona February 2, 2012 Majority Leader of the State House [204]
Representative Chris Coutu Republican Connecticut September 29, 2011 [203]
Representative Reed DeMordaunt Republican Idaho 2.8.2012 [202]
Representative Lawerence Denney Republican Idaho June 20, 2011 Speaker of the State House [205]
Representative Karen Fann Republican Arizona February 2, 2012 [204]
Representative Tom Forese Republican Arizona February 2, 2012 [204]
Representative Bob Gardner Republican Colorado 2.6.2012 [210]
Representative Cheri Gerou Republican Colorado 2.4.2012 [208]
Representative Marc Gibbs Republican Idaho 2.8.2012 [202]
Representative Janice Giegler Republican Connecticut September 29, 2011 [203]
Representative Doris Goodale Republican Arizona February 2, 2012 [204]
Representative Jack Harper Republican Arizona February 2, 2012 [204]
Representative John Hetherington Republican Connecticut September 29, 2011 [203]
Representative Mike Hubbard Republican Alabama 10.5.2011 Speaker of the State House [211]
Representative Steve Hurst Republican Alabama [211]
Representative Russ Jones Republican Arizona February 2, 2012 [204]
Representative Peggy Judd Republican Arizona February 2, 2012 [204]
Representative John Kavanagh Republican Arizona February 2, 2012 [204]
Representative Jim Kerr Republican Colorado 2.4.2012 [208]
Representative Greg Lavelle Republican Delaware October 27, 2011 House Republican Leader [207]
Representative Larry Liston Republican Colorado 2.4.2012 [208]
Representative Matt Lori Republican Michigan [133]
Representative Lynn Luker Republican Idaho 2.8.2012 [202]
Representative Jim Marriott Republican Idaho 2.8.2012 [202]
Representative Tom Massey Republican Colorado 2.4.2012 [208]
Representative Janice McGeachin Republican Idaho 2.8.2012 [202]
Representative Nancy McLain Republican Arizona February 2, 2012 [204]
Representative Frank McNulty Republican Colorado Speaker of the State House [208]
Representative Carole Murray Republican Colorado 2.4.2012 [208]
Representative Aric Nesbitt Republican Michigan 2.8.2012 [133]
Representative B.J. Nikkel Republican Colorado State House Majority Whip [208]
Representative Margaret O'Brien Republican Michigan [133]
Representative Justin Olson Republican Arizona February 2, 2012 [204]
Representative Mark Ouimet Republican Michigan [133]
Representative Joe Palmer Republican Idaho 2.8.2012 [202]
Representative Jason Perillo Republican Connecticut September 29, 2011 [203]
Representative Kevin Priola Republican Colorado 2.4.2012 [208]
Representative Robert Ramirez Republican Colorado [208]
Representative Dell Raybould Republican Idaho 2.8.2012 [202]
Representative Ken Roberts Republican Idaho June 20, 2011 State House Majority Caucus Chair [205]
Representative Bob Robson Republican Arizona February 2, 2012 [204]
Representative David Scribner Republican Connecticut September 29, 2011 [203]
Representative Mack G. Shirley Republican Idaho 2.8.2012 [202]
Representative David Smith Republican Arizona February 2, 2012 [204]
Representative Bert Stevenson Republican Idaho 2.8.2012 [202]
Representative Spencer Swalm Republican Colorado 2.4.2012 [208]
Representative Jeff Thompson Republican Idaho 2.8.2012 [202]
Representative Andy Tobin Republican Arizona February 2, 2012 Speaker of the State House [204]
Representative Tom Trail Republican Idaho 2.8.2012 [202]
Representative Steve Urie Republican Arizona February 2, 2012 [204]
Representative Lesley Vance Republican Alabama [211]
Representative Mark Waller Republican Colorado 2.4.2012 [208]
Representative Phil Williams Republican Alabama [211]
Representative Fred Wood Republican Idaho 2.8.2012 [202]
Representative Randy Wood Republican Alabama [211]
Representative Terrie Wood Republican Connecticut September 29, 2011 [203]

Rick Santorum (withdrawn)

Senator or Representative Party State Date Notes Reference
Senator David Brown Republican Minnesota 2.6.2012 [212]
Senator Chip Campsen Republican South Carolina January 15, 2012 [213]
Senator John Carlson Republican Minnesota 2.6.2012 [212]
Senator Jake Corman Republican Pennsylvania 9.6.2011 Senate Appropriations Committee chairman [214]
Senator Paul Gazelka Republican Minnesota 2.6.2012 [212]
Senator Glenn Grothman Republican Wisconsin March 30, 2012 Senate Assistant Majority Leader [215]
Senator Dan Hall Republican Minnesota 2.6.2012 [212]
Senator David Hann Republican Minnesota 2.6.2012 [212]
Senator Gretchen Hoffman Republican Minnesota 2.6.2012 [212]
Senator Bill Ingebrigtsen Republican Minnesota 2.6.2012 [212]
Senator Ben Kruse Republican Minnesota 2.6.2012 [212]
Senator Jim Luther Republican New Hampshire 1.5.2012 [216]
Senator Sean Nienow Republican Minnesota 2.6.2012 [212]
Senator Joseph B. Scarnati Republican Pennsylvania 9.6.2011 Senate President Pro Tempore [214]
Senator David Thompson Republican Minnesota 2.6.2012 [212]
Representative Jason Antosz Republican New Hampshire [217]
Representative Sue DeLemus Republican New Hampshire 1.5.2012 [218]
Representative Greg Delleney Republican South Carolina 1.12.2012 [219]
Representative Andre Jacque Republican Wisconsin March 30, 2012 [215]
Representative Scott Krug Republican Wisconsin March 30, 2012 [215]
Representative Daniel LeMahieu Republican Wisconsin March 30, 2012 [215]
Representative Mike LeMieur Republican Minnesota 2.6.2012 [212]
Representative Deborah Long Republican South Carolina September 15, 2011 [220]
Representative Joe McDonald Republican Minnesota 2.6.2012 [212]
Representative Stephen Nass Republican Wisconsin March 30, 2012 [215]
Representative Jeanine Notter Republican New Hampshire September 21, 2011 [221]
Representative Lenette Peterson Republican New Hampshire [217]
Representative Scott Plakon Republican Florida January 26, 2012 Originally endorsed Herman Cain on September 23, 2011[222] [223]
Representative Wes Shuler Republican New Hampshire September 21, 2011 [221]
Representative Matt Swank Republican New Hampshire [217]
Representative Evan Wynn Republican Wisconsin March 30, 2012 [215]

Tier 3 (Statesmen, former politicians, and celebrities)

Michele Bachmann (withdrawn)

Statesmen, former politicians, and celebrities Party Endorsement Date Notes Reference
Kelsey Grammer Republican Michele Bachmann (withdrawn) Actor [224]
Stanley Hubbard Independent Michele Bachmann (withdrawn) CEO of Hubbard Broadcasting, the parent company of Reelz Channel [225]
Wayne Newton Republican Michele Bachmann (withdrawn) Las Vegas singer [226]

Herman Cain (withdrawn)

Statesmen, former politicians, and celebrities Party Endorsement Date Notes Reference
Jack Kimball Republican Herman Cain (withdrawn) Former chairman of the New Hampshire Republican Party and 2010 New Hampshire gubernatorial candidate [227]
Dennis Miller Herman Cain (withdrawn) Comedian and talk radio host—has since withdrawn his endorsement
Nick Searcy Herman Cain (withdrawn) Actor [228]
Michael D. Steele Herman Cain (withdrawn) Retired U.S. Army Colonel [229]

Newt Gingrich (withdrawn)

Statesmen, former politicians, and celebrities Party Endorsement Date Notes Reference
André Bauer Republican Newt Gingrich (withdrawn) November 28, 2011 Former Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina [230]
Ralph Hudgens Republican Newt Gingrich (withdrawn) August 26, 2011 Georgia Insurance Commissioner [74]
Lauren “Bubba” McDonald Republican Newt Gingrich (withdrawn) August 26, 2011 Georgia Public Service Commissioner [74]
Zell Miller Democrat Newt Gingrich (withdrawn) August 26, 2011 Former Governor and Former U.S. Senator from Georgia [74]
Chuck Norris Republican Newt Gingrich (withdrawn) January 20, 2012 martial artist and actor [231]
Allen Olson Republican Newt Gingrich (withdrawn) September 13, 2011 Chairman of the Columbia Tea Party (South Carolina) [232]
Carl Paladino Republican Newt Gingrich (withdrawn) January 22, 2012 2010 Republican nominee for Governor of New York
Todd Palin Independent Newt Gingrich (withdrawn) 1.9.2012 Husband of former Alaska Governor and 2008 vice-presidential nominee of the Republican Party, Sarah Palin [233]
Sonny Perdue Republican Newt Gingrich (withdrawn) August 26, 2011 Former Governor of Georgia [234]
Judson Phillips Republican Newt Gingrich (withdrawn) September 26, 2011 Founder of Tea Party Nation [235]
Michael Reagan Republican Newt Gingrich (withdrawn) January 20, 2012 Former radio host and Republican strategist [236]
Fred Thompson Republican Newt Gingrich (withdrawn) January 27, 2012 Former U.S. Senator from Tennessee, 2008 presidential candidate [237]
Stan Wise Republican Newt Gingrich (withdrawn) August 26, 2011 Georgia Public Service Commissioner [74]

Jon Huntsman (withdrawn)

Statesmen, former politicians, and celebrities Party Endorsement Date Notes Reference
Jeb Bush Jr. Republican Jon Huntsman (withdrawn) 8.10.2011 Son of former Florida Governor Jeb Bush and nephew of former President George W. Bush [238]
Mike Campbell Republican Jon Huntsman (withdrawn) May 16, 2011 South Carolina campaign chair for Mike Huckabee's Campaign in 2008, and son of late Governor Carroll Campbell
Jim Cason Republican Jon Huntsman (withdrawn) August 17, 2011 Mayor of Coral Gables, Florida [166]
Lew Cramer Jon Huntsman (withdrawn) President of Utah World Trade Center [239]
David Currier Republican Jon Huntsman (withdrawn) July 26, 2011 Former New Hampshire State Senator [170]
Max Eden Republican Jon Huntsman (withdrawn) 6.3.2011 Co-founder of "Students for Daniels" which had encouraged Mitch Daniels to run for president in 2012. [240]
Craig Haffner Jon Huntsman (withdrawn) Broadway and television producer [241]
Michael Knowles Republican Jon Huntsman (withdrawn) 6.3.2011 co-founder of "Students for Daniels" [240]
Stewart Lamprey Republican Jon Huntsman (withdrawn) July 26, 2011 Former New Hampshire state Senate President and former state House Speaker [242]
John J. Mack Jon Huntsman (withdrawn) Former CEO & Chairman of Morgan Stanley [239]
Henry McMaster Republican Jon Huntsman (withdrawn) Former Attorney General of South Carolina (2003–2011) [167]
Ana Navarro Republican Jon Huntsman (withdrawn) 8.10.2011 Director of Immigration policy for Former Florida Gov. Jeb Bush and Ambassador to the United Nations Human Rights Commission [243]
Tom Ridge Republican Jon Huntsman (withdrawn) September 16, 2011 Former United States Secretary of Homeland Security under George W. Bush (2001–2005), former Governor of Pennsylvania, and former Congressman [244]
Rob Wasinger Republican Jon Huntsman (withdrawn) Campaign Manager for Sam Brownback's Campaign in 2008
Alan Wilson Republican Jon Huntsman (withdrawn) August 29, 2011 Attorney General of South Carolina and son of United States Representative Joe Wilson [245]

Ron Paul

Statesmen, former politicians, and celebrities Party Endorsement Date Notes Reference
Chuck Baldwin Republican Ron Paul 2008 Constitution Party presidential candidate [246]
Scott Banister Ron Paul Entrepreneur, angel investor [247]
Christopher R. Barron Republican Ron Paul Member of the board of directors and co-founder of GOProud
Originally endorsed Herman Cain and Gary Johnson
[248]
Patrick M. Byrne Ron Paul CEO of Overstock.com [249]
Kelly Clarkson Ron Paul December 29, 2011 American singer-songwriter and actress; now supports Barack Obama.[250] [251]
Jerry Doyle Ron Paul December 20, 2011 Radio host [252]
Barry Goldwater Jr. Republican Ron Paul Former Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from California's 27th and the 20th district [253]
Alex Jones Constitutionalist Ron Paul 4.11.2011 Radio host, actor, and filmmaker [254]
KRS-One Ron Paul Rapper [255]
Juliette Lewis Ron Paul 1.10.2012 American actress and singer [256]
Barry Manilow Ron Paul September 16, 2011 American singer-songwriter; later supported Obama[257] [258]
Andrew Napolitano Libertarian Ron Paul August 22, 2011 Political and legal analyst [259]
Prodigy Ron Paul May 17, 2011 Rapper [260]
Dylan Ratigan Democrat Ron Paul Television host [261]
Paul Craig Roberts Republican Ron Paul Former Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Economic Policy [262]
Joe Rogan Ron Paul TV and Radio host [263]
Jim Rogers Ron Paul Investor [264]
Joe Scarborough Republican Ron Paul Former Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Florida's 1st district [265]
Michael Scheuer Republican Ron Paul Former Chief of the Bin Laden Issue Station from 1996 to 1999, and Special Advisor to the CIA's bin Laden unit from September 2001 to November 2004. [266]
Nicole Scherzinger Democratic Ron Paul American singer, later endorsed Barack Obama
Peter Schiff Republican Ron Paul CEO of Euro Pacific Capital [267]
Doug Stanhope Republican Ron Paul May 16, 2011 Stand-up comedian [268]
John Stossel Libertarian Ron Paul June 30, 2011 Media pundit [269]
Andrew Sullivan Ron Paul December 15, 2011 political writer [270]
Peter Thiel Libertarian Ron Paul PayPal co-founder [271]
Vince Vaughn Republican Ron Paul Actor [272]
Jesse Ventura Ron Paul Former governor of Minnesota, TV show host, Navy SEAL and professional wrestler [273]

Rick Perry (withdrawn)

Statesmen, former politicians, and celebrities Party Endorsement Date Notes Reference
Dean Cain Republican Rick Perry (withdrawn) Actor known for playing Clark Kent/Superman in the TV Series Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman [274]
Ted Cruz Republican Rick Perry (withdrawn) Former Solicitor General of Texas (2003–2008)
Steve Forbes Republican Rick Perry (withdrawn) Businessman, CEO of Forbes, Inc., and 2000 Republican Presidential contender [275]
Kinky Friedman Independent Rick Perry (withdrawn) Former Independent candidate for Governor of Texas in 2006, country singer, mystery author, and self-proclaimed Jewish cowboy [276]
James R. Leininger Republican Rick Perry (withdrawn) Entrepreneur and philanthropist [277]
Van B. Poole Republican Rick Perry (withdrawn) Former chairman of the Florida Republican Party from 1989 to 1993. [278]
David Wilkins Republican Rick Perry (withdrawn) Former Speaker of the South Carolina House of Representatives and former Ambassador to Canada [197]

Mitt Romney

Statesmen, former politicians, and celebrities Party Endorsement Date Notes Reference
Robert Bork Mitt Romney 8.2.2011 Jurist/Former Solicitor General/Author [279]
Jeb Bush Republican Mitt Romney March 21, 2012 Former Governor of Florida, the son of former President George H. W. Bush, and the younger brother of former President George W. Bush [280]
Cindy Crawford Mitt Romney Supermodel [281]
John Danforth Republican Mitt Romney 12.2.2011 Former United States Ambassador to the United Nations and former United States Senator from Missouri [58]
Clint Eastwood Libertarian Mitt Romney 8.3.2012 Academy Award-winning Director, Actor, and Former Mayor of Carmel-by-the-Sea, California. A strong proponent of the Second Amendment and the NRA. [282]
Carly Fiorina Republican Mitt Romney March 26, 2012 Former Hewlett-Packard CEO and 2010 Republican California Senatorial nominee. [283]
Rudy Giuliani Republican Mitt Romney April 23, 2012 Former New York City Mayor and 2008 presidential candidate [284]
Dan Jansen Mitt Romney Retired speed skater [285]
Brad Little Republican Mitt Romney Lieutenant Governor of Idaho [286]
Daniel S. Loeb Mitt Romney Hedge fund manager; shareholder activist [287]
Christine O'Donnell Republican Mitt Romney December 13, 2011 Republican Delaware Senatorial nominee in 2008 and 2010. [288]
Robert Ray Republican Mitt Romney 12.2.2011 Former Governor of Iowa [58]
Nancy Reagan Republican Mitt Romney May 31, 2012 Former First Lady of the United States under President Ronald Reagan [289]
Donald Trump Independent Mitt Romney February 2, 2012 An American business magnate, television personality and author. Future President of the United States. [290]
Lech Wałęsa Mitt Romney July 31, 2012 Iconic leader and past president of Poland. [291]
Meg Whitman Republican Mitt Romney 2010 Republican nominee for Governor of California, former eBay CEO and current Hewlett-Packard CEO; also a business associate of Romney's at Bain Capital [292]

Rick Santorum (withdrawn)

Statesmen, former politicians, and celebrities Party Endorsement Date Notes Reference
Sharron Angle Republican Rick Santorum (withdrawn) 2.1.2012 Former Nevada state assemblywoman and 2010 Republican Nevada Senatorial nominee. [293]
Ron Crane Republican Rick Santorum (withdrawn) February 14, 2012 Idaho State Treasurer [294]
Mike DeWine Republican Rick Santorum (withdrawn) February 17, 2012 Former Ohio state Senator, former Lieutenant Governor of Ohio, former U.S. Representative, former U.S. Senator, and current Ohio Attorney General. Originally endorsed Mitt Romney. [295]
Dave Mustaine Rick Santorum (withdrawn) February 14, 2012 Rock star; frontman of the band Megadeth and former guitarist of the band Metallica [296][297][298][299]
Jane Norton Republican Rick Santorum (withdrawn) 2.1.2012 Former Lieutenant Governor of Colorado [300]
Bob Schaffer Republican Rick Santorum (withdrawn) 2.1.2012 Former U.S. Congressman (R-CO) [300]
Michael W. Smith Republican Rick Santorum (withdrawn) 3.12.2012 An American contemporary Christian music artist, 3-time Grammy Award winner and 40-time recipient of the Dove Awards [301]
Tom Tancredo Constitutionalist Rick Santorum (withdrawn) 2.1.2012 Former U.S. Congressman (R-CO), 2008 presidential candidate, and 2010 Colorado gubernatorial candidate. Originally endorsed Herman Cain.[302] [300]

See also

References

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