Evenes

Evenes (Northern Sami: Evenášši) is a municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the traditional district of Ofoten. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Bogen. Other villages in Evenes include Liland, Tårstad, Dragvik, and the village of Evenes.

This article is about the municipality in Nordland, Norway. For the village in this municipality, see Evenes (village).

Evenes kommune

Evenášši
Municipality
View of Bogen in Evenes
Nordland within
Norway
Evenes within Nordland
Coordinates: 68°32′11″N 16°55′55″E
CountryNorway
CountyNordland
DistrictOfoten
Established1 January 1884
Administrative centreBogen i Ofoten
Government
 • Mayor (2019)Terje Bartholsen[1] (Ap)
Area
 • Total252.77 km2 (97.60 sq mi)
 • Land241.60 km2 (93.28 sq mi)
 • Water11.18 km2 (4.32 sq mi)  4.4%
Area rank285 in Norway
Population
 (2020)
 • Total1,348
 • Rank309 in Norway
 • Density5.6/km2 (15/sq mi)
 • Change (10 years)
−0.7%
Demonym(s)Evenesværing[2]
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
ISO 3166 codeNO-1853
Official language formBokmål
Sami (semi-official)[3]
Websiteevenes.kommune.no
Data from Statistics Norway

The 253-square-kilometre (98 sq mi) municipality is the 285th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Evenes is the 309th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,348. The municipality's population density is 5.6 inhabitants per square kilometre (15/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 0.7% over the previous 10-year period.[4][5]

General information
Part of Strandvatnet lake

The municipality of Evindnæs was established on 1 January 1884 when the old Ofoten Municipality was split into two new municipalities: Evindnæs and Ankenes. Initially, Evindnæs had 2,397 residents. The spelling was later changed from Evindnæs to Evenes. On 1 January 1912, the southern part of Trondenes Municipality in Troms county (population: 291) was transferred to Evenes (and Nordland county). On 1 July 1925, the southern district of Evenes on the south side of the Ofotfjorden (population: 3,270) was separated to become the new Ballangen Municipality. This left Evenes with 2,323 residents.

During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1964, the small, unpopulated Ramnes area in western Evenes was transferred to the neighboring Tjeldsund Municipality. On 1 January 1999, the small Veggen area of Narvik Municipality (population: 9) was transferred to Evenes Municipality.[6][7]

Name

The municipality (originally the parish) is named after the old Evenes farm (Old Norse: Øyvindarnes), since the first Evenes Church was built there. The first element is (probably) the genitive case of the male name Øyvindr and the last element is nes meaning "headland". Historically, the name was spelled Evindnæs.[8]

Churches
Evenes Church, 15 March 2008.

The Church of Norway has one parish (sokn) within the municipality of Evenes. It is part of the Ofoten prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Sør-Hålogaland.

Churches in Evenes
Parish (sokn)Church NameLocation of the ChurchYear Built
EvenesEvenes ChurchEvenes1800
Bogen ChapelBogen1920

Coat of arms

The coat of arms was granted on 12 January 1990. The arms show an old white wheel on a red background. The wheel was chosen as a symbol for Evenes as a center of communication and transportation for the region.[9]

Geography
Bogen village in the mountainous eastern part of Evenes. Bogen bay is part of Ofotfjord.

Evenes is located on the northern shore of the Ofotfjorden, and borders Skånland Municipality (in Troms county) to the north, Narvik Municipality to the east, and Tjeldsund Municipality to the west.

There are lowlands in the western part of the municipality (Liland and Evenes area), while in the eastern part (Bogen), the mountains go almost straight up from the fjord. The highest mountain is Lilletinden (1,137 metres or 3,730 feet), which can be climbed without climbing equipment, even with skis in the winter and early spring. The view is stunning.

The most noticeable mountain when driving on the European route E10 highway, which crosses through Evenes, is perhaps the steep Niingen (1,090 metres or 3,580 feet) just east of Bogen. Strandvatnet lake next to Bogen village is surrounded by mountains and is a relatively rare Meromictic lake. There is trout in most lakes in Evenes, and Arctic char spawns in Østervikvatnet (lake) a few kilometres east of Bogen. Niingsvatnet is partly located in Evenes.

The large cave Trollkirka (the Troll Church) is located in the western part of the municipality (near Tårstad). German fortifications from World War II can be seen at Evenestangen, which is also a good place for fishing in the fjord.

Evenestangen is also the site of the sculpture Stone House by Danish artist Bjørn Nørgaard. The sculpture is part of the Artscape Nordland project.[10]

Climate

The weather station at the airport has been recording since 1973. The all-time high 32.2 °C (90.0 °F) was recorded 18 July 2018.

Climate data for Harstad/Narvik Airport, Evenes 1991-2020 (26 m, precipitation 1961-90, extremes 2002-2020)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 10
(50)		 8
(46)		 11
(52)		 19
(66)		 27.9
(82.2)		 28.7
(83.7)		 32.2
(90.0)		 30.8
(87.4)		 23.7
(74.7)		 19.1
(66.4)		 13
(55)		 10.1
(50.2)		 32.2
(90.0)
Daily mean °C (°F) −3.7
(25.3)		 −4
(25)		 −2.1
(28.2)		 1.9
(35.4)		 6.4
(43.5)		 10.2
(50.4)		 13.3
(55.9)		 12.3
(54.1)		 8.5
(47.3)		 3.5
(38.3)		 0
(32)		 −2.3
(27.9)		 3.7
(38.6)
Record low °C (°F) −24.2
(−11.6)		 −24
(−11)		 −24.2
(−11.6)		 −20.6
(−5.1)		 −6.6
(20.1)		 0.1
(32.2)		 4.2
(39.6)		 −0.3
(31.5)		 −4.9
(23.2)		 −9.8
(14.4)		 −20.9
(−5.6)		 −24.5
(−12.1)		 −24.5
(−12.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 108
(4.3)		 100
(3.9)		 74
(2.9)		 68
(2.7)		 53
(2.1)		 65
(2.6)		 75
(3.0)		 89
(3.5)		 106
(4.2)		 155
(6.1)		 107
(4.2)		 120
(4.7)		 1,120
(44.1)
Source: Norwegian Meteorological Institute[11]

Government

All municipalities in Norway, including Evenes, are responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of elected representatives, which in turn elect a mayor.[12] The municipality falls under the Ofoten District Court and the Hålogaland Court of Appeal.

Municipal council

The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Evenes is made up of 17 representatives that are elected to four-year terms. The party breakdown of the council is as follows:

Evenes Kommunestyre 2020–2023 [13]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)5
 Conservative Party (Høyre)4
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)3
 Evenes Cross-Party List (Evenes Tverrpolitiske Liste)5
Total number of members:17
Evenes Kommunestyre 2016–2019 [14]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)4
 Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet)1
 Conservative Party (Høyre)7
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)3
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)1
 Liberal Party (Venstre)1
Total number of members:17
Evenes Kommunestyre 2012–2015 [15]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)4
 Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet)1
 Conservative Party (Høyre)9
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)2
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)1
Total number of members:17
Evenes Kommunestyre 2008–2011 [14]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)5
 Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet)2
 Conservative Party (Høyre)5
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)3
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)2
Total number of members:17
Evenes Kommunestyre 2004–2007 [14]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)4
 Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet)2
 Conservative Party (Høyre)4
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)4
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)3
Total number of members:17
Evenes Kommunestyre 2000–2003 [14]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)5
 Conservative Party (Høyre)3
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)7
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)2
Total number of members:17
Evenes Kommunestyre 1996–1999 [16]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)8
 Conservative Party (Høyre)2
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)9
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)2
Total number of members:21
Evenes Kommunestyre 1992–1995 [17]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)6
 Conservative Party (Høyre)3
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)5
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)1
 Liberal Party (Venstre)1
 Evenesmark Cross-party List (Evenesmark Tverrpolitiske Liste)1
Total number of members:17
Evenes Kommunestyre 1988–1991 [18]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)8
 Conservative Party (Høyre)3
 Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)1
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)3
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)1
 Liberal Party (Venstre)1
Total number of members:17
Evenes Kommunestyre 1984–1987 [19]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)9
 Conservative Party (Høyre)3
 Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)1
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)2
 Liberal Party (Venstre)1
 Evenes independent party-politics list
 (Evenes partipolitisk uavhengiges liste)		1
Total number of members:17
Evenes Kommunestyre 1980–1983 [20]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)6
 Conservative Party (Høyre)3
 Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)2
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)3
 Liberals and Independents (Venstre og uavhengige)1
 Evenes non-political list (Evenes upolitiske liste)2
Total number of members:17
Evenes Kommunestyre 1976–1979 [21]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)7
 Conservative Party (Høyre)1
 Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)1
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)5
 Liberals and Free Voters (Venstre og Frie Velgere)1
 Inner Evenes Non-party list (Indre Evenes Upolitisk liste)2
Total number of members:17
Evenes Kommunestyre 1972–1975 [22]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)8
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)6
 Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister)3
Total number of members:17
Evenes Kommunestyre 1968–1971 [23]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)9
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)4
 Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister)3
 Local List(s) (Lokale lister)1
Total number of members:17
Evenes Kommunestyre 1964–1967 [24]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)7
 Conservative Party (Høyre)2
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)4
 Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister)3
 Local List(s) (Lokale lister)1
Total number of members:17
Evenes Herredsstyre 1960–1963 [25]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)7
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)3
 List of workers, fishermen, and small farmholders
(Arbeidere, fiskere, småbrukere liste)		2
 Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister)3
 Local List(s) (Lokale lister)2
Total number of members:17
Evenes Herredsstyre 1956–1959 [26]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)8
 Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)3
 Farmers' Party (Bondepartiet)4
 Local List(s) (Lokale lister)2
Total number of members:17
Evenes Herredsstyre 1952–1955 [27]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)8
 Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister)7
 Local List(s) (Lokale lister)1
Total number of members:16
Evenes Herredsstyre 1948–1951 [28]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)6
 Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti)1
 Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister)7
 Local List(s) (Lokale lister)2
Total number of members:16
Evenes Herredsstyre 1945–1947 [29]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)9
 Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister)7
Total number of members:16
Evenes Herredsstyre 1938–1941* [30]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)10
 Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister)6
Total number of members:16

Economy
View from north of Bogen towards Kongsbakktinden mountain, 29. September 2010

Most people work in public services and there is also some small-scale agriculture.

Harstad-Narvik Airport (international airport) is located in the western part of the municipality, with daily flights to Oslo, Trondheim, Bodø, Tromsø and Andenes, as well as charter flights to southern Europe filled with sun-hungry tourists. The Royal Norwegian Air Force has a substantial infrastructure at Evenes, but the base was closed following the end of the Cold War, though it is often used by other NATO allies during their winter training. The large C-5 Galaxy from the United States Air Force has made several landings at the airport. A mobile hospital was built inside a small mountain at Osmarka, 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) east of the airport, using NATO infrastructure funds. The United States Navy moved the hospital to Kuwait before the Gulf War started in 1991. To achieve this, a large transport ship used the deep water harbour near Bogen, 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) east of the airport. This harbour was also built with funds from NATO, to enable heavy equipment to be moved north to Troms by road.

History
German warships, including Tirpitz, in Bogen bay, during WW2. Picture taken from west (Dragvik) towards Bogen. The mountains gave some protection from British bombers.

The Evenes Church was the first church in Ofoten, built about the year 1250. The original church and a subsequent church has been lost in fires; the present church is a wooden church (built in 1800) inspired by Danish Biedermeier mansion building style. Some relics from the original churches remain in the church today, most notably a stone baptismal font from the 13th century.

Liland used to be the commercial centre of the entire Ofotfjord area right up until the emergence of Narvik as a commerce/industry centre in the early 20th century.

During World War II, the Germans found the wide and fairly deep Bogen bay, with its mostly hard rock bottom well suited for anchoring, to be perfect for a naval base. Narvik is only 10 nautical miles (19 km) to the east (further into the fjord). The German battleship Tirpitz and cruiser Admiral Hipper were stationed in Bogen during part of the war (8 July – 23 October 1942, returned 11 March 1943). The battleships Scharnhorst and Lützow were based in Bogen for a shorter time. Additionally, several destroyers and submarines used Bogen as a base for shorter periods. Thus, this bay was one of Germany's most powerful naval bases during parts of the war and constituted a very real threat to Allied Arctic Convoys. The Allies had an obvious need for intelligence about these powerful German warships, and the British provided a radio set to the local resistance group. This radio was set up at Liland, 9 km west of Bogen, and codenamed Lyra.

Terje Wold, ca.1935

Notable people

References
  1. Paulsen, Ivar (8 October 2019). "Bartholsen er ny ordfører i Evenes". ht.no (in Norwegian Bokmål). Retrieved 10 October 2019.
  2. "Navn på steder og personer: Innbyggjarnamn" (in Norwegian). Språkrådet.
  3. "Forskrift om målvedtak i kommunar og fylkeskommunar" (in Norwegian). Lovdata.no.
  4. Statistisk sentralbyrå (2020). "Table: 06913: Population 1 January and population changes during the calendar year (M)" (in Norwegian).
  5. Statistisk sentralbyrå (2020). "09280: Area of land and fresh water (km²) (M)" (in Norwegian).
  6. Statistisk sentralbyrå (2012). "1853 Evenes. Population 1 January and population changes during the year. 1951–" (in Norwegian).
  7. Jukvam, Dag (1999). "Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Statistisk sentralbyrå.
  8. Rygh, Oluf (1905). Norske gaardnavne: Nordlands amt (in Norwegian) (16 ed.). Kristiania, Norge: W. C. Fabritius & sønners bogtrikkeri. pp. 289–290.
  9. "Civic heraldry of Norway – Norske Kommunevåpen". Heraldry of the World. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  10. "Steinhuset" (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 10 February 2009. Retrieved 20 November 2008.
  11. "eKlima Web Portal". Norwegian Meteorological Institute. Archived from the original on 14 June 2004.
  12. Hansen, Tore, ed. (12 May 2016). "kommunestyre". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 1 January 2019.
  13. "Tall for Norge: Kommunestyrevalg 2019 - Nordland". Valg Direktoratet. Retrieved 27 October 2019.
  14. "Table: 04813: Members of the local councils, by party/electoral list at the Municipal Council election (M)" (in Norwegian). Statistics Norway.
  15. "Tall for Norge: Kommunestyrevalg 2011 - Nordland". Valg Direktoratet. Retrieved 27 October 2019.
  16. "Kommunestyrevalget 1995" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1996. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  17. "Kommunestyrevalget 1991" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1993. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  18. "Kommunestyrevalget 1987" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1988. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  19. "Kommunestyrevalget 1983" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1984. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  20. "Kommunestyrevalget 1979" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1979. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  21. "Kommunevalgene 1975" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1977. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  22. "Kommunevalgene 1972" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1973. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  23. "Kommunevalgene 1967" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1967. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  24. "Kommunevalgene 1963" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1964. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  25. "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1959" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1960. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  26. "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1955" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1957. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  27. "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1951" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1952. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  28. "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1947" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1948. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  29. "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1945" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1947. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  30. "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1937" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1938. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
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