G. D. Melanchthon

G. D. Melanchthon[1] (1934–1994)[2] was a Silver Jubilee Priest hailing from Protestant Andhra Evangelical Lutheran Church Society who taught[9] Religions,[11] at United Theological College, Bangalore from 1968[2] till the latter half of eighties until his career was brought to an abrupt end in 1988[2] on being stricken with paralysis. Melanchthon used to be quite active among the academic community along with Chrysostom Arangaden, Arvind P. Nirmal and others in not only delivering scholarly talks,[12] but also in contributing research articles[7] and reviewing new titles.[13]

The Reverend

G. D. Melanchthon, AELC[1]

Teacher - in - Religions
గోడి దానియేలు మేలాంక్కతన్ అయ్యగారు
Melanchthon in the 1960s
Born
Godi Daniel Melanchthon[1]

(1934-11-20)20 November 1934[2]
Ramachandrapuram, East Godavari (Andhra Pradesh)
Died22 September 1994(1994-09-22) (aged 59)[2]
Bangalore (Karnataka)
NationalityIndian
Other namesMelanchthon ayyagaru
EducationB. A. (Andhra),
M. A.[3] (Andhra),
B. D.[3] (Serampore),
M. Th.[3] (Serampore),[2] Research exposure (LSTC and Birmingham)[3]
Alma mater
OccupationPastor
Years active1961[1] to 1994[2] (33 years)
Known forInsights on Hinduism[4]
Spouse(s)Katie Vyduryam-Melanchthon[5]
Children
  • Monica Jyotsna Melanchthon,[5]
  • Esther Suhasini-Williams,[5]
  • Mary Louise Shanti-Devadas,[5]
  • Rebecca Naveena-Roberts[5]
Parent(s)Smt. Mary (Mother),
Sri Godi Jesudas (Father)
ReligionChristianity
ChurchAndhra Evangelical Lutheran Church Society[1]
Ordained1961, K. Krupadanam, AELC
Writings
  • 1967, A study of the idea and meaning of God with special reference to the 11th chapter of Bhagavad Gita in the context of Renascent Hinduism,[6]
  • 1968, Visvarupasandarsanam and its relevance for today,[7]
  • 1980, Hindu Impact on the Christian Attitude to Scripture[8]
  • 1986, Mission and Evangelism in a Pluralistic Context[9]
Congregations served
Kothapeta, East Godavari district (Andhra Pradesh) (1961-1963),[1] Bangalore, Bangalore Urban district (Karnataka) (1968-1988)[10]
TitleThe Reverend

Melanchthon was born in Ramachandrapuram, East Godavari (Andhra Pradesh) into a Christian family and was raised in accordance with Lutheran traditions. History of Christianity[14] in Ramachandrapuram is attributed to the French Jesuits[15] and the Canadian Baptists.,[14][16] dating to the latter half of Nineteenth century. In 1892[17] the Canadian Baptist Ministries began their ministry through an integral mission comprising spiritual, educational and healing components with a Church (1892),[18] an all-girls Raja Cockshutt School (1898),[18] and J. D. Kellock Home for Lepers[19] (1903).[20] Not only did the emerging Christian missions through Canadian Baptist Ministries mould Melanchthon's growth in Christianity, but as an adolescent, he also came under the influence of the popular Evangelist, A. B. Masilamani, CBCNC, who was ministering as a Priest between 1944-1947[21] in Ramachandrapuram. Masilamani's ability to make use of Homiletics made a definitive impact on the faith journey of early Telugu Christians, a fact recollected by the Old Testament Scholar, G. Babu Rao,[22] CBCNC.[23]

Studies

After completing schooling from Ramachandrapuram, Melanchthon proceeded to AELC-Andhra Christian College, Guntur, for pre-university and undergraduate studies leading to B.A.. This was during the tenure of Rao Saheb T. S. Paulus,[24] as Principal. Continuing his academics, Melanchthon proceeded to Waltair and enrolled for a postgraduate programme leading to M.A. at Andhra University. Incidentally, the Geologist, Bunyan Edmund Vijayam, was also studying at the University during the same time and the two were contemporaries. The University was headed by Vice-chancellor V. S. Krishna during that period. Initially after his postgraduate studies, Melanchthon worked in the Andhra Pradesh Government serving in a Mandal Office. Around this time, he found his calling towards full-time priesthood. Much like Saint Ambrose of Milan, the Early Church Father, Melanchthon resigned from Government service and proceeded to the Office of the President of Andhra Evangelical Lutheran Church Society headquartered in Guntur, which was headed by G. Devasahayam, AELC and conveyed his interest in vocation of priesthood.

Basic spiritual studies

By 1958, Melanchthon enrolled at Gurukul Lutheran Theological College, Chennai, an affiliated seminary of the Senate of Serampore College (University), India's first[25] University {a University under Section 2 (f)[26] of the University Grants Commission Act, 1956}[27] founded by the Baptist Missions led by Joshua Marshman, William Carey, and William Ward. He pursued a graduate programme in B. D. studying under notable faculty consisting of Sigfrid Estborn,[28] who was teaching History of Christianity and Ecumenism, P. David[29] teaching Religions, R. A. Martin[30] who was teaching Biblical studies and Jacob Kumaresan[31] teaching Systematic theology. His companions were Kambar Manickam, TELC, K. James Carl, SALC, G. Emmanuel, AELC[32] and also M. Victor Paul, AELC, de:Johnson Gnanabaranam, TELC, T. B. D. Prakasa Rao, CSI, among others, who were studying at the seminary at varying periods of study. By the end of the three-year course in 1961,[33] Melanchthon performed well in his examinations and secured two University-level prizes, viz., George Howells Prize in History of Religions[33] and Senators' Prize in Biblical Studies[33] and was awarded a Bachelor of Divinity degree by the Senate of Serampore College (University) in the ensuing convocation of 1962 led by its Registrar, C. Devasahayam, CBCNC.

Advanced spiritual studies

After a couple of years' of parish ministry between 1961-1965, Melanchthon returned to his Alma mater to pursue a postgraduate course leading to M. Th., specializing in Religions, between 1965-1967,[6] where he worked out a thesis entitled A study of the idea and meaning of God with special reference to the 11th chapter of Bhagavad Gita in the context of Renascent Hinduism[6] under the guidance of P. David. As part of his two-year course, Melanchthon also become a research student at the Christian Institute for the Study of Religion and Society, Bangalore.[34] The Institute was headed by M. M. Thomas, then Director[35] and Herbert Jai Singh, then Assistant Director.[34]

When the 1970s (decade) began, Melanchthon got qualified to pursue doctoral studies and availed study leave[3] from the United Theological College, Bangalore. He enrolled with the Senate of Serampore College (University)[3] to undertake studies leading to D. Th.,[3] specializing in Religions. He was a recipient of study scholarship in 1972[36] from World Council of Churches (Theological Education Fund),[36] which he utilized to proceed on research exposure to Lutheran School of Theology at Chicago[3] in the United States. In the ensuing year, by September 1973,[3] he moved to Selly Oak Colleges, Birmingham[3] (United Kingdom), where he continued his research under able Scholars from 1973-1975.[37] However, by the turn of the academic year 1975-1976, Melanchthon had to return to Bangalore to resume his teaching duties as his request for extension of leave was not granted, a move which brought an end[38] to his doctoral programme.

Career as Pastor and Teacher

After Melanchthon stepped out of the portals of his seminary in 1961, he was ordained as a Pastor of Andhra Evangelical Lutheran Church Society by K. Krupadanam, AELC, then President. Melanchthon then began to minister in Konaseema region at Kothapeta, East Godavari district in the 1960s,[1] where Christianity was propagated in the Delta region[39] by the Lutheran missions in the late 19th century led by a German missionary, Rudolph F. A. Arps.[40] Parishioners were Agricultural labourers[41] and access to Kothapeta, in Konaseema area used to be through a Ferry[41] across Gautami-Godavari river, one of the estuaries of Godavari river, from Kapileswarapuram[42] on the opposite bank. After serving as a Pastor, Melanchthon returned to his alma mater in 1965 to take up a postgraduate course.[6]

In 1968,[2] during the Principalship of Joshua Russell Chandran, Melanchthon joined as Faculty Member at United Theological College, Bangalore, where Melanchthon used to teach Religions in India for students pursuing B. D. for nearly two decades until 1988.[2] Many of his graduate students have contributed to the full spectrum of the ministries of the Church in India, who include, R. S. Sugirtharajah, J. W. Gladstone, P. J. Lawrence, S. J. Theodore, Timotheas Hembrom, Dharmakkan Dhanaraj, Paul Rajashekar, H. S. Wilson, Elizabeth Paul, Basil Rebera, Christopher Asir, John Sadananda, Sydney Salins, P. Surya Prakash, D. N. Premnath, M. Mani Chacko, K. David Udayakumar, Evangeline Anderson-Rajkumar, K. Reuben Mark, Ch. Vasantha Rao,[43] Rajula Annie-Watson and others. Among his notable students who specialized in Religions, the name of D. I. Hans stands out.

Other co-faculty teaching Religions at UTC, Bangalore at different points of time were V. C. Samuel, MOSC, William Powlas Peery, AELC, Herbert Jai Singh,[44] MCI, and Eric J. Lott, WMMS, David C. Scott,[45] MCI. In addition to his teaching, Melanchthon also used to render ministerial duties at local congregations[46] around Bangalore at CSI-St. Peter's Telugu Church[10] and other churches.

Paralytic stroke and death

During 1987-1988 while Melanchthon went on an assignment to Leonard Theological College, Jabalpur, he also happened to visit Pachmarhi, a hill station, where he suffered a Paralytic stroke. By the time he was brought back to Jabalpur for administering treatment, precious moments were lost due to lack of immediate medical access, resulting in severe Brain damage. Melanchthon was then taken by rail to Bangalore and treated at the Baptist Hospital, Hebbal. By then, E. C. John, CSI who had already taken up the Principalship, ensured that Melanchthon was kept away from teaching assignments until his recovery. Melanchthon gradually began to recover, but remained confined to his quarters in the campus. However, even after nearly six years of sustained treatment, Melanchthon could not recover fully and passed away on 22 September 1994.[2] Gnana Robinson, CSI, then Principal and led the academic community in paying its obeisances. Melanchthon was buried with ecclesiastical honours at Hosur Indian Christian Cemetery, Bangalore.

Melanchthon and the case of social security for Theologians

In Melanchthon's untimely demise, the whole gamut of social security and health insurance coverage of Theologians comes to the fore. While the State has provided means through Legislation to ensure such safety through savings and health schemes, only a few of these are applied to Theological fraternity in India, who are otherwise employed in institutions registered as legal bodies either through Indian Trusts Act, 1882 (e.g. Bible Society of India), Indian Companies Act, 1956 (e.g. Samavesam of Telugu Baptist Churches), Societies Registration Act, 1860 (e.g. Andhra Christian Theological College), or such other Legislative acts applicable in India. There has only been a selective extension of The Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972, The Employees' State Insurance, 1948, Employees' Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provident Act, 1952, in theological institutions, and Theologians continue to be at risk being at the sole mercy of the institution and its management. A few of the notable Theologians who met untimely deaths while still in service include, Mutyala Theophilus (1895-1946), D. S. Amalorpavadass (1932-1990), George Soares-Prabhu (1929-1995), and others with the recent one being Siga Arles (1950-2015). The Cantabrigian and Old Testament Scholar, Victor Premasagar (1927-2005), then on a teaching assignment with Bethel Bible College, Guntur had been at the receiving end due to medical negligence of an Ophthalmologist and had issues with visibility and later met his death in the institution, while being its Principal.

Somehow, the extended arm of social security as envisaged by State for the good of every Citizen of India employed in some entity or the other, seems to elude Theologians. Christianity in India dates back to AD 52. The Indian yogi and mystic, Jaggi Vasudev believes that the Church is organized, but he seemed to have said that in matters of organizational setup.[47] In Melanchthon's case, apprehensions were cast on his health issue and usability to the institution, resulting in moves to dislodge him from his quarters due to non-performance of teaching tasks, but it was met with resistance from certain sections of alumni, notable among whom include a New Testament Scholar,[48] best known for his administration of the Senate of Serampore College (University) during the 1970s as well as an Old Testament Scholar,[49] better known in theological circles for his scholarship[50] of the Old Testament having associated with the Serampore College[51] and Andhra Christian Theological College as Faculty Member from the 1970s. As such, then Principal, E. C. John, chose to tread the ground of humaneness by ensuring social security to a fellow Theologian who suffered from a Paralytic stroke during the course of his employment with the institution.

Academic offices
Preceded by
S. J. Samartha,[2] CSI		 Teacher - in - Religions,
United Theological College, Bangalore
1968-1988[2]		 Succeeded by
Eric J. Lott,[2] WMMS
Awards
Preceded by
R. G. Shaefer, BMS[52]		 Recipient of the George Howells Prize
(History of Religions)[33]
1961[33]		 Succeeded by
J. A. Gonsalves, CNI[53]
Preceded by
V. E. Varghese, MMTSC[54]		 Recipient of the Senators' Prize in Biblical Studies[33]
1961[33]		 Succeeded by
G. S. Albert Ezekiel, CBCNC[55]

References
Notes
  1. The Andhra Pradesh Gazette, Part 1, 1962, p.259
  2. K. M. Hiwale (Compiled), Directory of the United Theological College 1910-1997, Bangalore, 1997. Past faculty of the college p.6.
  3. Joshua Russell Chandran (Compiled), Annual Report 1973-1974, UTC, Bangalore, 1974. From Archives of Gossner Mission, 1970-1974 at Berlin.
  4. Asian Religious Studies Information, Volumes 3-4, 1988, p.106
  5. Monica J. Melanchthon, Rejection by God: The History and Significance of the Rejection Motif in the Hebrew Bible, Peter Lang, Frankfurt, 2001, pp.ix-x.
  6. Zaihmingthanga (Compiled), Thesis Titles - M.Th., M.R.S., D.D., D.Th, Board of Theological Education of the Senate of Serampore College, Bangalore, 1991, p.29.
  7. Bangalore Theological Forum, Volume II, Number 1, 1968, pp.29-46. Cited in Index to Volumes I-X of the Bangalore Theological Forum in Bangalore Theological Forum, Volume XI, Number 1, January–June, 1979, p.86.
  8. Gnana Robinson (Edited), Influence of Hinduism on Christianity: papers presented at the Seminar on Hindu Influence on Christianity, held at the Tamil Nadu Theological Seminary, Arasaradi, Madurai, October 20–22, 1978, Tamil Nadu Theological Seminary, Madurai, 1980.
  9. The Bulletin of the Henry Martyn Institute of Islamic Studies, Volumes 9-10, 1986, pp.
  10. Florence Deenadayalan (Edited), CSI-St. Peter's Telugu Church 50th Anniversary Souvenir, Bangalore, 1998.
  11. Israel Selvanayagam, The Dynamics of Hindu Traditions: The Teape Lectures on Sacrifice, Gīta and Dialogue, Asian Trading Corporation, Bangalore, 1996, p.14.
  12. National Council of Churches Review, Volume 90, p.119.
  13. Bangalore Theological Forum, Volume IX, Number 1, January–June 1977, pp.54-58. G. D. Melanchthon (Reviewed): S. J. Samartha (Edited), Towards World Community: the Colombo Papers, World Council of Churches, Geneva, 1975.
  14. W. Francis, et. al., Gazetteer of South India, Volume 1, Mittal Publications, New Delhi, 1989, p.293.
  15. C. B. Firth, An Introduction to Indian Church History, SSC/ISPCK, Serampore/New Delhi, 1961, p.119.
  16. The St. Thomas Christian Encyclopaedia of India, Volume 1, 1982, p.108.
  17. Baptist Missionary Review, Volume 22, 1916, pp.98, 175, 291
  18. G. Beulah Pearl Sunanda, The Missionary Enterprise of the Canadian Baptist Church in Andhra Pradesh - An Appraisal, Dissertation submitted to Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjunanagar, 2012, pp.151, 234.
  19. C. E. Macleod (Edited), Baptist Year Book 1916: For Ontario, Quebec and Western Canada, Baptist Convention of Ontario and Quebec, Toronto, 1916, p.36.
  20. Imperial Gazetteer of India, Volume XII, 1908, Trübner and Co., London, 1886, p.297.
  21. G. Isaiah (Edited), Centenary Souvenir of Yesu Premalayam Church, Ramachandrapuram, 2000, p.16
  22. G. Babu Rao, Content Analysis of Theological Syllabi – Old Testament in Religion and Society, Volume XXXII, Number 3, September 1985.
  23. G. Babu Rao, in Souvenir of Birth Centenary Greetings of Rev. Dr. A. B. Masilamani, New Life Associates, Hyderabad, 2014, p.19
  24. The Commonwealth Year Book, Volume 2, 1956, p.518
  25. Sankar Ray in Business Line, 11 April 2008 Almost a century later, the charter was endorsed officially under the Bengal Govt Act IV of 1918. Internet, accessed 30 November 2008.
  26. Under section 2 (f) of the UGC Act, 1956 a University means a University established or incorporated by or under a Central Act, a Provincial Act or a State Act, and includes any such institution as may, in consultation with the University concerned, be recognized by the Commission in accordance with the regulations made in this behalf under this Act. The UGC took the opinion that the Senate fell under the purview of Section 2 (f) of the said Act since The Serampore College Act, 1918 was passed by the Government of West Bengal.
  27. "UGC Act-1956" (PDF). mhrd.gov.in/. Secretary, University Grants Commission. Retrieved 1 February 2016.
  28. Paul H. von Tucher, Nationalism, Case and Crisis in Missions: German Missions in British India, 1939-1946, 1980, p.128.
  29. Indian Journal of Theology, Volume 10, Issue 3, pp.116-122
  30. R. A. Martin, The Date of the Cleansing of the Temple in John 2 : 13-22 in Indian Journal of Theology, Volume 15, Issue 2, pp.52-56.
  31. Indian Church History Review, Volumes 6-7, 1972, p.70
  32. The Rev. G. Emmanuel, AELC (1936-2000)
  33. Serampore College, Reports 1964-1965 - The Report of the President of the Senate of Serampore College (University) for 1965, Serampore, 1965, pp.17-18.
  34. Religion and Society, Volume 12, Number 1, March 1965, p.83
  35. Boston University, Thomas, M(adathilparampil) M(ammen) (1916-1996) - Indian Church Leader and World Ecumenical Leader.
  36. World Council of Churches, Archives Inventory - Asia - India. Reference code 4213.3.1.13bis, 1970-1977.
  37. Esther Suhasini-Williams, Women on the move - Her story, LWF Archives. Also see, Edmond Yee, P. Paul Rajashekar (Edited and Compiled), Abundant Harvest: stories of Asian Lutherans, Lutheran University Press, Minneapolis, 2012, p.306-308.
  38. There have been instances of doctoral students being asked to return to their institutions ending their doctoral programme abruptly. Rene Van de Walle, Ryder Devapriam, Kambar Manickam, G. D. V. Prasad, G. Dyvasirvadam, Ravela Joseph and others had to leave their doctoral programme mid-way. Similarly, B. V. Subbamma too was asked to return from her doctoral studies in the United States, but she could make efforts to fast track her doctoral programme and was able to complete it before her return to India.
  39. Martin Luther Dolbeer, The Andhra Evangelical Lutheran Church: A Brief History, Andhra Evangelical Lutheran Church Society, Rajahmundry, 1951, p.49.
  40. Minutes of the Eleventh Biennial Convention of the United Lutheran Church in America, Volumes 11-12, United Lutheran Church in America, Board of Publication of the United Lutheran Church in America, 1938, p.155.
  41. Census of India, 1961, Volume 2, 1962, p.102.
  42. Sir William Wilson Hunter, Imperial Gazetteer of India, Volume 7, Second Edition, Trübner and Co., London, 1886, p.440.
  43. Ch. Vasantha Rao, About
  44. Indian Journal of Theology, Volume 29, Issues 3-4, July–December 1980, pp.149-159.
  45. Hindu-Christian Studies Bulletin, Volume 2, 1989
  46. Roland Gierth, Christian life and work at the pastorate level and practical theology in South India: An inquiry based on 16 field studies of selected Church of South India pastorates in Bangalore and the Kolar Gold Fields (Karnataka Central Diocese) and a survey of Indian publications on the field of practical theology, Christian Literature Society, Madras, 1977, p.69.
  47. Ajay Singh, Guru Mantra: This isn't the time for coalition government - Right now the coalition that we are seeing is just about winning the election, says Sadhguru Jaggi Vasudevon Opposition's attempt to form a grand alliance against Modi government in the upcoming Lok Sabha Election, Firstpost, 16 September 2019.
  48. S. K. Patro, One National Structure of Theological Education in India - Senate of Serampore College and Board of Theological Education of the Senate of Serampore College, 2016, p.79.
  49. Guide to Indian Periodical Literature, Volume 23, 1989, p.57
  50. Godwin Shiri (Compiled), A Catalogue of CISRS Publications - A complete listing of CISRS publications 1953-2006, CISRS, Bangalore, 2007, p.p.155.
  51. The Story of Serampore and its College, Council of Serampore College, Serampore (Fourth Edition), 2005, p.92.
  52. John M. Balmer, Jr., Nonformal Pastoral Ministry Training in the Majority World: Four case studies, Columbia International University, Columbia, May 2008, p.98.
  53. Mar Aprem Mooken, Indian Christian Who is Who, Bombay Parish Church of the East, Bombay, 1983, p.39.
  54. V. E. Varghese, The Concept of Deification and its Relation to Christian ethics: In the writings of the Cappadocian Fathers, M. Th. thesis, Bangalore, U.T.C. Library, 1973. Cited by T. Swami Raju, The Study of Religion: Methods of Perspectives, BTESSC/SATHRI, Bangalore, 2004.
  55. Press in India, Part 2, Office of the Registrar of Newspapers for India, New Delhi, 1963, p.22.
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