Ganulu

The Kanolu were often confused with the Gangulu (Kangulu), despite marked differences in their languages. For example, 'no' was kara for the former, kagu for the latter, and the Kanolu word for 'man' was mari, in contrast to the Kangulu word for the same, bama.[1] The Ganula language is a dialect of the Bidjara language.

The Kanolu were a people of the Central Highlands Region. In Norman Tindale's calculations, their tribal lands extended over 12,000 square kilometres (4,700 sq mi). They lived around the eastern headwaters of the Comet River from Rolleston northwards at least to Blackwater and upper Mackenzie River. Their eastern frontier lay near Dingo and Duaringa.[1]

Native memory spoke of many members of the people dying out around the 1830s, from a disease which affected the nose,[lower-alpha 1] and some members of the group were seen to bear marks that might have indicated a smallpox epidemic.[2]

White settlement of Kanolu lands began around 1860. At the time their population was estimated at around 500. Within a decade, by 1869, their numbers had fallen to 300, and by 1879 it was thought no more than 200 survived. Thomas Josephson claimed that this drastic demographic decline was attributable to three factors. One was the effect of venereal disease introduced by settlers; secondly, consumption, and thirdly infanticide.[3]

Josephson was struck by the Kanolu's refusal to partake of pork, an introduced meat which other Aboriginal peoples were known to eat.[2]

• Kanoloo.
• Kanalloo.[1]

• wondi. (tame dog)
• kagargi. (wild dog)
• yaboo. (father)
• kika. (mother)
• koin. (whiteman)[4]