German submarine U-642

German submarine U-642 was a Type VIIC U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine for service during World War II. She was laid down on 19 November 1941 by Blohm & Voss, Hamburg as yard number 618, launched on 6 August 1942 and commissioned on 1 October 1942 under Kapitänleutnant Herbert Brünning.

History
Nazi Germany
Name: U-642
Ordered: 20 January 1941
Builder: Blohm & Voss, Hamburg
Yard number: 618
Laid down: 19 November 1941
Launched: 6 August 1942
Commissioned: 1 October 1942
Fate: Sunk 5 July 1944 in the Mediterranean at the Military port of Toulon in position 43°07′N 05°55′E, in a US air raid.
General characteristics
Class and type: Type VIIC submarine
Displacement:
  • 769 tonnes (757 long tons) surfaced
  • 871 t (857 long tons) submerged
Length:
Beam:
  • 6.20 m (20 ft 4 in) o/a
  • 4.70 m (15 ft 5 in) pressure hull
Draught: 4.74 m (15 ft 7 in)
Installed power:
  • 2,800–3,200 PS (2,100–2,400 kW; 2,800–3,200 bhp) (diesels)
  • 750 PS (550 kW; 740 shp) (electric)
Propulsion:
Speed:
  • 17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) surfaced
  • 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph) submerged
Range:
  • 8,500 nmi (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) surfaced
  • 80 nmi (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) submerged
Test depth:
  • 230 m (750 ft)
  • Crush depth: 250–295 m (820–968 ft)
Complement: 4 officers, 40–56 enlisted
Armament:
Service record[1]
Part of:
Commanders:
  • Kptlt. Herbert Brünning
  • 1 October 1942 - 5 July 1944
Operations:
  • 1st patrol: 20 February 1943 - 8 April 1943
  • 2nd patrol: 4 May 1943 - 17 July 1943
  • 3rd patrol: 11 September 1943 - 13 September 1943
  • 4th patrol: 22 December 1943 - 23 January 1944
Victories: 1 merchant ship sunk (2,125 GRT)

Design

German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-642 had a displacement of 769 tonnes (757 long tons) when at the surface and 871 tonnes (857 long tons) while submerged.[2] She had a total length of 67.10 m (220 ft 2 in), a pressure hull length of 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in), a beam of 6.20 m (20 ft 4 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and a draught of 4.74 m (15 ft 7 in). The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of 2,800 to 3,200 metric horsepower (2,060 to 2,350 kW; 2,760 to 3,160 shp) for use while surfaced, two Brown, Boveri & Cie GG UB 720/8 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 750 metric horsepower (550 kW; 740 shp) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.23 m (4 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).[2]

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph).[2] When submerged, the boat could operate for 80 nautical miles (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 8,500 nautical miles (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-642 was fitted with five 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one 8.8 cm (3.46 in) SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and one twin 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.[2]

Service history

The boat's career began with training at 5th U-boat Flotilla on 1 October 1942, followed by active service on 1 March 1943 as part of the 6th Flotilla. She transferred for operations in the Mediterranean on 1 December 1943 to serve with 29th Flotilla for the remainder of her service.

In 4 patrols she sank 1 merchant ship, for a total of 2,125 gross register tons (GRT).

Wolfpacks

U-642 took part in nine wolfpacks, namely

  • Neuland (4 March 1943 – 6 March 1943)
  • Ostmark (6 March 1943 – 11 March 1943)
  • Stürmer (11 March 1943 – 20 March 1943)
  • Seewolf (21 March 1943 – 30 March 1943)
  • Oder (17 May 1943 – 19 May 1943)
  • Mosel (19 May 1943 – 24 May 1943)
  • Trutz (1 June 1943 – 16 June 1943)
  • Trutz 1 (16 June 1943 – 29 June 1943)
  • Geier 3 (30 June 1943 – 15 July 1943)

Fate

U-642 was sunk on 5 July 1944 in the Mediterranean at Military port of Toulon in position 43°07′N 05°55′E, by a US air raid.

Summary of raiding history

Date Name Nationality Tonnage
(GRT)
Fate[3]
8 March 1943 Leadgate  United Kingdom 2,125 Sunk

See also

References

  1. Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type VIIC boat U-642". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 2 September 2014.
  2. Gröner 1991, pp. 43-46.
  3. Helgason, Guðmundur. "Ships hit by U-642". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 2 September 2014.

Bibliography

  • Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). German U-boat commanders of World War II : a biographical dictionary. Translated by Brooks, Geoffrey. London, Annapolis, Md: Greenhill Books, Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-186-6.
  • Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 [German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945]. Der U-Boot-Krieg (in German). IV. Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn: Mittler. ISBN 3-8132-0514-2.
  • Edwards, Bernard (1996). Dönitz and the Wolf Packs - The U-boats at War. p. 169. ISBN 0-304-35203-9.
  • Gröner, Erich; Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin (1991). U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels. German Warships 1815–1945. 2. Translated by Thomas, Keith; Magowan, Rachel. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-593-4.
  • Sharpe, Peter (1998). U-Boat Fact File. Great Britain: Midland Publishing. ISBN 1-85780-072-9.

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