Growth of wind power in the United States

Wind power has been growing in the United States since the 1970s.]

Installed wind power capacity

History

The growth of wind power in the United States has been enhanced by a production tax credit (PTC), which pays 2.3¢/kWh for the first 10 years. Development has been off and on again due to the expiration and late renewal of the PTC.[1] It expired at the end of 2013,[2][3] only to be restored in December 2014.[4] In 2015 it was renewed but is phased out over a five-year period.[5] One of the goals set by the Department of Energy is to increase the number of states which have over 1,000 MW of wind power to 15 by 2018. By the end of 2015 there were 17. Another goal was to increase the number of states with at least 100 MW to 30 by 2010. As of 2011, there are 29.[6] The 2015 vision for wind calls for 10% generation by wind by 2020 (113 GW), 30% by 2030 (224 GW), and 35% by 2050 (404 GW). It calls for 40 states to each have at least 1 GW, and wind power in all 50 states. Larger wind turbines has expanded the commercial viability of wind to all 50 states.[7] Analysts expect 25 GW more between 2016-18.[8] Wind power became the biggest source of renewable electricity in USA in 2019.[9]

Wind power by year

Projected and actual growth of wind power

US DOE growth projection for wind and solar (8.1% from wind and solar by 2040).
Wind and solar generation and capacity from 1983 to 2012.

Cumulative Installed Wind Power (MW)
State	2015	2014	2013	2012	2011	2010	2009	2008	2007	2006	2005	2004	2003	2002	2001	2000
Alabama	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Alaska	62	62	62	59	10	9	9	4	2	2	1	1	1	1	1	1
Arizona	268	238	238	238	138	128	63	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arkansas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
California	6,108	5,917	5,830	5,549	3,927	3,253	2,798	2,537	2,439	2,376	2,149	2,095	2,025	1,823	1,683	1,616
Colorado	2,992	2,593	2,332	2,301	1,800	1,299	1,244	1,068	1,067	291	231	231	223	61	61	22
Connecticut	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Delaware	2	2	2	2	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Florida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaii	203	206	206	206	93	63	63	63	63	42	9	9	9	9	2	2
Idaho	973	973	973	973	618	353	147	76	75	75	75	0	0	0	0	0
Illinois	3,842	3,568	3,568	3,568	2,743	2,045	1,547	915	699	107	107	51	0	0	0	0
Indiana	1,895	1,744	1,544	1,543	1,340	1,339	1,036	131	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iowa	6,212	5,688	5,178	5,137	4,322	3,675	3,604	2,791	1,273	932	836	634	472	423	324	242
Kansas	3,766	2,967	2,967	2,712	1,274	1,074	1,021	921	364	364	264	114	114	114	114	2
Kentucky	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Louisiana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maine	613	440	431	431	397	266	175	47	42	9	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maryland	190	160	120	120	120	70	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Massachusetts	107	107	106	100	46	18	15	6	5	4	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michigan	1,531	1,525	1,163	988	377	164	138	144	3	3	3	2	2	2	2	1
Minnesota	3,235	3,035	2,987	2,986	2,733	2,205	1,810	1,753	1,300	896	745	600	558	338	320	291
Mississippi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Missouri	459	459	459	459	459	457	309	163	62	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montana	665	665	645	645	386	386	375	271	153	146	137	1	1	0	0	0
Nebraska	890	812	534	459	337	213	153	117	72	73	73	14	14	14	3	3
Nevada	152	152	152	152	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Hampshire	185	171	171	171	26	25	25	25	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Jersey	9	9	9	9	8	8	8	8	8	8	8	0	0	0	0	0
New Mexico	1,080	812	778	778	750	700	597	497	496	496	406	266	206	1	1	1
New York	1,749	1,748	1,722	1,638	1,403	1,274	1,274	832	425	370	186	48	48	48	48	18
North Carolina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Dakota	2,143	1,886	1,681	1,679	1,445	1,424	1,203	714	345	178	98	66	5	0	0	0
Ohio	443	435	428	426	112	10	7	7	7	7	7	7	4	0	0	0
Oklahoma	5,184	3,782	3,134	3,134	2,007	1,482	1,031	708	689	535	475	176	176	0	0	0
Oregon	3,153	3,153	3,153	3,153	2,513	2,104	1,758	1,067	885	438	338	263	259	218	157	25
Pennsylvania	1,340	1,340	1,340	1,340	789	748	748	361	294	179	129	129	129	35	35	11
Rhode Island	9	9	9	9	2	2	2	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Carolina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Dakota	977	803	783	784	785	709	313	187	98	44	44	44	44	3	3	0
Tennessee	29	29	29	29	29	29	29	29	29	29	29	29	2	2	2	2
Texas	17,713	14,098	12,355	12,212	10,377	10,089	9,403	7,113	4,353	2,736	1,992	1,290	1,290	1,096	1,096	184
Utah	327	325	325	325	325	223	223	20	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0
Vermont	119	119	119	119	46	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6
Virginia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Washington	3,075	3,075	2,808	2,808	2,573	2,104	1,849	1,375	1,163	818	390	241	244	228	180	0
West Virginia	583	583	583	583	564	431	330	330	146	66	66	66	66	66	0	0
Wisconsin	648	648	648	649	631	469	449	449	53	53	53	53	53	53	53	23
Wyoming	1,410	1,410	1,410	1,410	1,412	1,412	1,099	676	288	288	288	285	285	141	141	91
U.S. Total	74,347	65,754	61,108	60,007	46,919	40,267	34,863	25,410	16,907	11,575	9,147	6,723	6,350	4,687	4,232	2,539

Source:[10]

Generation

Annual Wind Power Generation (GWh)
State	2015	2014	2013	2012	2011	2010	2009	2008	2007	2006	2005	2004	2003	2002	2001	2000
Alaska	158.2	153.6	145.3	37.39	12.45	12.61	7.027	0.068	1.012	0.788	0.589				0.950	0
Arizona	445.5	472.5	449.8	531.6	255.6	134.9	29.54	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
California	12,228	13,776	12,822	9,754	7,752	6,079	5,840	5,385	5,585	4,883	4,262	4,306	3,895	3,803	3,500	3,518
Colorado	7,441	7,351	7,204	5,969	5,200	3,452	3,164	3,221	1,292	865.5	776.2	220.1	147.1	139.0	48.64	0
Connecticut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Delaware	4.923	4.705	4.458	3.638	4.825	2.556	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaii	601.3	585.3	503.3	378.2	340.8	261.1	251.4	240.0	238.2	79.674	6.632	7.495	1.572	1.614	2.122	17.003
Idaho	2,457	2,778	2,460	1,891	1,307	440.7	313.4	207.5	172.3	169.6	0	0	0	0	0	0
Illinois	10,733	10,077	9,625	7,727	6,213	4,454	2,820	2,337	664.4	254.6	141.15	78.073	18.024	0	0	0
Indiana	4,516	3,495	3,481	3,210	3,285	2,934	1,403	238.4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iowa	17,878	16,295	15,568	14,032	10,709	9,170	7,421	4,084	2,757	2,318	1,647	1,050	982.0	918.8	487.9	493.8
Kansas	10,927	10,844	9,433	5,195	3,720	3,405	2,863	1,759	1,153	991.9	425.8	358.6	365.9	466.7	39.83
Maine	1,273	1,095	1,048	886.9	706.6	499.2	298.6	131.6	99.07	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maryland	433.5	323.5	321.7	321.7	270.7	1.494	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Massachusetts	220.1	224.0	204.9	89.67	61.38	22.07	5.956	3.672	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michigan	4,778	3,875	2,800	1,132	456.5	360.3	300.2	141.2	2.723	2.212	1.848	1.875	2.660	0.329	0.280	0
Minnesota	9,797	9,060	8,259	7,615	6,726	4,792	5,053	4,355	2,639	2,055	1,582	812.4	977.8	905.8	897.0	724.5
Missouri	1,034	1,131	1,167	1,245	1,178	925.5	499.4	203.3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montana	1,962	1,966	1,755	1,262	1,265	930.2	820.9	593.1	495.8	436.0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nebraska	3,154	2,736	1,802	1,284	1,051	421.6	382.6	214.2	216.8	261.2	96.61	38.43	38.22	8.078	2.630	0
Nevada	309.7	300.1	250.5	128.8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Hampshire	419.2	416.8	389.2	208.7	66.09	75.69	62.48	10.32	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Jersey	22.14	11.90	10.88	11.57	10.52	12.65	20.92	20.89	20.41	15.99	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Mexico	2,067	2,263	2,193	2,226	2,104	1,832	1,547	1,643	1,393	1,255	794.6	513.5	182.7	0	0	0
New York	3,956	3,971	3,539	2,680	2,828	2,596	2,266	1,251	833.5	655.4	103.0	116.4	41.20	81.63	20.54	10.34
North Carolina	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Dakota	6,530	6,349	5,519	5,275	5,236	4,096	2,998	1,693	620.8	369.5	220.3	214.5	58.88	0	0	0
Ohio	1,206	1,152	1,146	985.5	198.4	12.58	14.11	15.08	14.75	14.40	13.27	0	0	0	0	0
Oklahoma	14,018	11,862	11,162	8,158	5,605	3,808	2,698	2,358	1,849	1,712	847.8	572.7	54.47	0	0	0
Oregon	6,675	7,580	7,456	6,343	4,775	3,920	3,470	2,575	1,247	931.2	734.3	619.0	443.6	376.16	88.59	66.70
Pennsylvania	3,352	3,584	3,352	2,129	1,794	1,854	1,075	729.4	470.0	361.1	284.2	306.3	111.5	57.77	11.18	9.813
Rhode Island	14.77	7.025	2.590	1.380	2.912	3.124	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Dakota	2,481	2,916	2,688	2,915	2,668	1,372	421.0	145.1	150.0	149.0	158.1	157.7	44.25	6.043	0.871	0
Tennessee	45.84	51.14	46.74	47.49	53.14	40.57	51.75	50.12	49.94	54.60	3.339	3.813	3.933	4.068	0	0
Texas	44,959	39,371	35,874	32,214	30,548	26,251	20,026	16,225	9,006	6,671	4,237	3,138	2,570	2,656	1,188	492.1
Utah	621.4	664.8	539.8	703.9	572.8	447.7	159.5	23.90	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vermont	322.7	305.6	236.0	106.9	33.18	13.89	11.59	10.24	10.51	10.69	11.49	11.36	10.83	10.37	12.13	12.25
Washington	7,101	7,264	7,004	6,600	6,262	4,745	3,572	3,657	2,438	1,038	498.5	736.6	603.7	416.6	0	0
West Virginia	1,376	1,451	1,387	1,286	1,103	939.2	742.4	391.9	167.6	173.8	153.9	161.2	169.8	9.023	0	0
Wisconsin	1,641	1,609	1,558	1,558	1,188	1,088	1,052	487.1	109.3	101.4	92.54	103.6	97.58	46.18	72.284	2.728
Wyoming	3,768	4,420	4,433	4,369	4,612	3,247	2,226	962.5	754.9	759.1	717.3	616.5	366.5	447.3	365.2	245.9
U.S. Total	190,927	181,791	167,840	140,822	120,177	94,652	73,886	55,363	34,450	26,589	17,811	14,144	11,187	10,354	6,737	5,593

Source:[11]

The United States uses approximately 4 million GWh/year.

References

Renewable Electricity Production Tax Credit (PTC)
Dead Air: End of Tax Credit Deflates Wind Power
United States
Update: US Senate approves one-year wind PTC extension
Renewables Boom Expected Thanks to Tax Credit
Mission, Vision, and Goals
Wind Vision: A New Era for Wind Power in the United States
Corina Rivera Linares. "While investment may slow in coming years, plenty of transmission construction, investment happening". Archived from the original on 30 May 2016. Retrieved 22 March 2016.
"Wind has surpassed hydro as most-used renewable electricity generation source in U.S. - Today in Energy - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)". www.eia.gov. 26 February 2020. Archived from the original on 16 October 2020.
"U.S. Installed Wind Capacity". U.S. Department of Energy. February 10, 2016. Archived from the original on March 14, 2014.
"Detailed State Data". U.S. Energy Information Administration. U.S. Department of Energy. Retrieved 5 September 2016.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[1] Renewable Electricity Production Tax Credit (PTC)

[2] Dead Air: End of Tax Credit Deflates Wind Power

[3] United States

[4] Update: US Senate approves one-year wind PTC extension

[5] Renewables Boom Expected Thanks to Tax Credit

[6] Mission, Vision, and Goals

[7] Wind Vision: A New Era for Wind Power in the United States

[8] Corina Rivera Linares. "While investment may slow in coming years, plenty of transmission construction, investment happening". Archived from the original on 30 May 2016. Retrieved 22 March 2016.

[9] "Wind has surpassed hydro as most-used renewable electricity generation source in U.S. - Today in Energy - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)". www.eia.gov. 26 February 2020. Archived from the original on 16 October 2020.

[10] "U.S. Installed Wind Capacity". U.S. Department of Energy. February 10, 2016. Archived from the original on March 14, 2014.

[11] "Detailed State Data". U.S. Energy Information Administration. U.S. Department of Energy. Retrieved 5 September 2016.

Wind power in the United States
American Wind Energy Association NASA wind turbines United States Wind Energy Policy Wind farms in the US Offshore wind farms in the US Wind Powering America
Wind power by state	Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming
Large wind farms	Alta Altamont Pass Biglow Canyon Buffalo Gap Capricorn Ridge Cedar Creek Flat Ridge Fowler Ridge Highland Horse Hollow Limon Los Vientos Meadow Lake Papalote Creek Panther Creek Peñascal Roscoe Rush Creek San Gorgonio Pass Sherbino Shepherds Flat Sweetwater Tehachapi Pass
Offshore wind farms	Block Island Wind Farm Coastal Virginia Offshore Wind (pilot) Marwind (proposed) Ocean Wind (proposed) Skipjack (proposed) South Fork (proposed)
Wind power companies	Aermotor Windmill Company Avangrid Bluewater Wind CIP GE Wind Energy Infigen Energy Invenergy National Wind Native Wind NextEra Energy Resources Ørsted US Offshore Wind Siemens Wind Power UGE International US Wind Vestas Wind Capital Group
Category Commons

Growth of wind power in the United States

History

Wind power by year

Generation

See also

References