Hackney South (UK Parliament constituency)

Hackney South was a parliamentary constituency in "The Metropolis" (later the County of London). It was represented by nine Members of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, only two of whom, Horatio Bottomley and Herbert Morrison, were returned.

For the present constituency, see Hackney South and Shoreditch (UK Parliament constituency).
Hackney South
Former Borough constituency
for the House of Commons
1885–1955
Number of membersone
Replaced byBethnal Green and Hackney Central
Created fromHackney

History

The constituency was created under the Redistribution of Seats Act, 1885 when the two-member Parliamentary Borough of Hackney was split into three single-member divisions. The seat, officially the Southern Division of the Parliamentary Borough of Hackney was first contested at the 1885 general election. The constituency was abolished in 1955.

Boundaries
Hackney South in London 1885-1918
Hackney South in London 1918-50
Hackney South in London 1950-55
A map showing the wards of Hackney Metropolitan Borough as they appeared in 1916.

1885 - 1918

In 1885 the constituency was defined as consisting of:

  • No. 7 or South Hackney Ward of Hackney Parish
  • No. 6 or Homerton Ward of Hackney Parish
  • The part of the No. 5 or Hackney Ward of Hackney Parish south of the centres of Everning Road, Upper Clapton Road, and the Upper and Lower Clapton Roads.[1]

1918 - 1950

The Representation of the People Act 1918 redrew constituencies throughout Great Britain and Ireland. Seats in the County of London were redefined in terms of wards of the Metropolitan Boroughs that had been created in 1900. The Metropolitan Borough of Hackney was divided into three divisions, with the same names as the constituencies created in 1885. Hackney South was defined as consisting of:

  • Homerton Ward
  • South Hackney Ward
  • The part of Clapton Park Ward to the south of a line drawn along the centres of Glenarm Road, Glyn Road and Redwald Road to its junction with Maclaren Street, thence across the recreation grounds in Daubeney Road to the borough boundary at a point fifty feet north of a boundary post situate at the junction of the Waterworks River with the River Lea at Lead Mill Point.[2]

1950 - 1955

Under the Representation of the People Act 1948 the Boroughs of Hackney and Stoke Newington jointly formed two seats, the borough constituencies of Stoke Newington and Hackney North and Hackney South. Hackney South was enlarged: consisting of the Metropolitan Borough of Hackney except the five wards of Leaside, Maury, Southwold, Springfield and Stamford.[3]

Redistribution

Following a review of constituencies by the Boundary Commission appointed under the House of Commons (Redistribution of Seats) Act 1949, parliamentary seats in the metropolitan boroughs of Bethnal Green, Hackney and Stoke Newington were redrawn. The Hackney South constituency was abolished, with most passing to a new Hackney Central borough constituency, and some parts to Bethnal Green.[4]

Members of Parliament
ElectionMemberPartyNotes
1885 Sir Charles Russell Liberal later Baron Russell of Killowen
1894 by-election John Fletcher Moulton Liberal later Baron Moulton
1895 Thomas Herbert Robertson Conservative
1906 Horatio Bottomley Liberal resigned 16 May 1912 after being declared bankrupt
1912 by-election Hector Morison Liberal
1918 Horatio Bottomley Independent expelled 1 Aug 1922 after being convicted of fraud
1922 by-election Clifford Erskine-Bolst Conservative
1923 Herbert Morrison Labour later Baron Morrison of Lambeth
1924 George Garro-Jones Liberal later 1st Baron Trefgarne
1929 Herbert Morrison Labour later Baron Morrison of Lambeth
1931 Marjorie Graves Conservative
1935 Herbert Morrison Labour later Baron Morrison of Lambeth
1945 Herbert Butler Labour
1955 constituency abolished

Elections

Elections in the 1880s
General election 1885: Hackney South [5][6]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Charles Russell 3,544 57.7 N/A
Conservative Charles Darling 2,602 42.3 N/A
Majority 942 15.4 N/A
Turnout 6,146 70.8 N/A
Registered electors 8,684
Liberal win (new seat)

Russell was appointed Attorney General for England and Wales, requiring a by-election.

Scoble
1886 Hackney South by-election[7]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Charles Russell 3,174 61.4 +3.7
Conservative Andrew Scoble 1,979 38.3 -4.0
Independent Liberal Henry Munster 17 0.3 New
Majority 1,195 23.1 +7.7
Turnout 5,170 59.5 −11.3
Registered electors 8,684
Liberal hold Swing +3.8
General election 1886: Hackney South [8][9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Charles Russell 2,800 50.9 −6.8
Conservative Charles Darling 2,700 49.1 +6.8
Majority 100 1.8 -13.6
Turnout 5,500 63.3 −7.5
Registered electors 8,684
Liberal hold Swing −6.8

Elections in the 1890s
Robertson
General election 1892: Hackney South [10][11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Charles Russell 4,440 57.4 +6.5
Conservative Thomas Robertson 3,294 42.6 -6.5
Majority 1,146 14.8 +13.0
Turnout 7,734 70.0 +6.7
Registered electors 11,048
Liberal hold Swing +6.5

Russell is appointed Attorney General for England and Wales, requiring a by-election.

By-election, 1892: Hackney South[12]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Charles Russell Unopposed
Liberal hold

Russell is appointed Lord of Appeal in Ordinary, becoming Lord Russell of Killowen, causing a by-election.

Moulton
1894 Hackney South by-election [13][14]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal John Moulton 4,530 51.1 -6.3
Conservative Thomas Robertson 4,338 48.9 +6.3
Majority 192 2.2 -12.6
Turnout 8,868 75.9 +5.9
Registered electors 11,688
Liberal hold Swing -6.3
General election 1895: Hackney South [15][16]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Thomas Robertson 4,681 51.8 +9.2
Liberal John Moulton 4,362 48.2 −9.2
Majority 319 3.6 N/A
Turnout 9,043 73.2 +3.2
Registered electors 12,360
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing +9.2

Elections in the 1900s
General election 1900: Hackney South [17]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Thomas Robertson 4,714 51.9 +0.1
Liberal Horatio Bottomley 4,376 48.1 −0.1
Majority 338 3.8 +0.2
Turnout 9,090 69.1 −4.1
Registered electors 13,146
Conservative hold Swing +0.1
General election 1906: Hackney South [18]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Horatio Bottomley 6,736 57.1 +9.0
Conservative Thomas Robertson 3,257 27.6 −24.3
Free Church and Progressive William Riley 804 15.3 New
Majority 3,479 29.5 N/A
Turnout 10,797 89.9 +20.8
Registered electors 13,126
Liberal gain from Conservative Swing +16.7

Elections in the 1910s
General election January 1910: Hackney South [19][20]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Horatio Bottomley 7,299 62.9 +5.8
Conservative Conway Wertheimer 4,304 37.1 +9.5
Majority 2,995 25.8 -3.7
Turnout 11,603 82.2 -7.7
Liberal hold Swing -1.8
General election December 1910: Hackney South [21][22]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Horatio Bottomley 5,068 49.4 -13.5
Conservative Sydney Charles Nettleton King-Farlow 3,243 31.6 -5.5
Independent Liberal Richard Roberts 1,946 19.0 New
Majority 1,825 17.8 -8.0
Turnout 10,257 72.6 -9.6
Liberal hold Swing -4.0
  • Roberts was nominated by a breakaway local Liberal Association opposed to Bottomley, which was recognised by the London Liberal Federation.
Morison
1912 Hackney South by-election [23]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Hector Morison 5,339 52.5 +3.1
Conservative John Constant Gibson 4,836 47.5 +15.9
Majority 503 5.0 -12.8
Turnout 10,175 70.1 -2.5
Liberal hold Swing -6.4
General election 1918: Hackney South[24]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Horatio Bottomley 11,145 79.7 New
C Liberal Arthur Henri 2,830 20.3 −29.1
Majority 8,315 59.4 N/A
Turnout 13,975 55.4 −17.2
Registered electors 25,212
Independent gain from Liberal
C indicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government.

Elections in the 1920s
1922 Hackney South by-election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Coalition Unionist Clifford Erskine-Bolst 9,118 50.2 New
Labour Holford Knight 9,046 49.8 New
Majority 72 0.4 N/A
Turnout 18,164 56.3 +0.9
Registered electors 32,262
Unionist gain from Independent Swing N/A
General election 1922: Hackney South[25][26]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Unionist Clifford Erskine-Bolst 14,017 60.2 N/A
Labour Holford Knight 9,276 39.8 N/A
Majority 4,741 20.4 N/A
Turnout 23,293 70.0 +14.6
Registered electors 33,284
Unionist gain from Independent Swing N/A

General election 1923: Hackney South[27][28]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Herbert Morrison 9,578 42.8 +3.0
Liberal George Garro-Jones 6,757 30.2 New
Unionist Clifford Erskine-Bolst 6,047 27.0 −33.2
Majority 2,821 12.6 N/A
Turnout 22,382 65.8 −4.2
Registered electors 34,037
Labour gain from Unionist Swing +18.1

General election 1924: Hackney South[29][30]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal George Garro-Jones 13,415 53.5 +23.3
Labour Herbert Morrison 11,651 46.5 +3.7
Majority 1,764 7.0 N/A
Turnout 25,066 72.5 +6.7
Registered electors 34,565
Liberal gain from Labour Swing +9.8
General election 1929: Hackney South[31][32]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Herbert Morrison 15,590 51.2 +4.7
Unionist Sir Tresham Lever, 2nd Baronet 8,222 27.0 New
Liberal Muriel Morgan Gibbon 6,302 20.7 −32.8
Communist J. T. Murphy 331 1.1 New
Majority 7,368 24.2 N/A
Turnout 30,445 69.2 −3.3
Registered electors 43,997
Labour gain from Liberal Swing +18.8

Elections in the 1930s
General election 1931: Hackney South[33][34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Marjorie Graves 15,920 55.4 +28.4
Labour Herbert Morrison 12,827 44.6 -6.6
Majority 3,093 10.8 N/A
Turnout 28,747
Conservative gain from Labour Swing
General election 1935: Hackney South[35][36]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Herbert Morrison 15,830 59.3 +14.7
Conservative Marjorie Graves 10,876 40.7 -14.7
Majority 4,954 18.6 N/A
Turnout 26,706
Labour gain from Conservative Swing

General Election 1939/40

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1940. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the Autumn of 1939, the following candidates had been selected;

Elections in the 1940s
General election 1945: Hackney South[38][39]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Herbert Butler 10,432 51.6 -7.7
Liberal National Stanley Price 4,901 24.2 -16.5
Communist William Rust 4,891 24.2 New
Majority 5,531 27.4 +8.8
Turnout 20,224
Labour hold Swing

Elections in the 1950s
General election 1950: Hackney South [40][41]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Herbert Butler 35,821 61.0 +9.4
Conservative Herbert P Brooks 15,105 25.7 +1.5
Liberal Frank Albert Marlow 5,575 9.5 New
Communist John Richard Betteridge 1,891 3.8 -20.4
Majority 20,716 35.3 +7.9
Turnout 61,392 77.4
Labour hold Swing
General election 1951: Hackney South [42][43]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Herbert Butler 39,271 66.5 +5.5
Conservative Peter Rawlinson 18,003 30.5 +4.8
Communist John Richard Betteridge 1,744 3.0 -0.8
Majority 21,268 36.0 +0.7
Turnout 59,018 77.1 -0.3
Labour hold Swing

References
  1. Redistribution of Seats Act, 1885, C. 23., Sixth Schedule, Divisions of boroughs. Number, names, contents, and boundaries of divisions.
  2. Representation of the People Act 1918 c.64, Ninth Schedule: Redistribution of Seats
  3. Representation Of The People Act 1948, c.65, First Schedule: Parliamentary Constituencies
  4. The Parliamentary Constituencies (Bethnal Green, Hackney and Stoke Newington) Order 1955 (S.I. 1955/20)
  5. British Parliamentary Election Results 1885-1918, FWS Craig
  6. "The General Election. The Polls". The Times. 26 November 1885. p. 7.
  7. "Election Intelligence (Hackney South)". The Times. 12 February 1886. p. 6.
  8. British Parliamentary Election Results 1885-1918, FWS Craig
  9. "The General Election. The Polls". The Times. 6 July 1886. p. 6.
  10. British Parliamentary Election Results 1885-1918, FWS Craig
  11. "The General Election. The Polls". The Times. 7 July 1892. p. 6.
  12. British Parliamentary Election Results 1885-1918, FWS Craig
  13. "Election Intelligence (Hackney South)". The Times. 8 May 1894. p. 5.
  14. British Parliamentary Election Results 1885-1918, FWS Craig
  15. British Parliamentary Election Results 1885-1918, FWS Craig
  16. "The General Election, More Unionist Gains, The Polls". The Times. 17 July 1895. p. 6.
  17. British Parliamentary Election Results 1885-1918, FWS Craig
  18. British Parliamentary Election Results 1885-1918, FWS Craig
  19. British Parliamentary Election Results 1885-1918, FWS Craig
  20. "Progress Of The General Election". The Times. 20 January 1910. p. 6.
  21. British Parliamentary Election Results 1885-1918, FWS Craig
  22. "Progress Of The General Election". The Times. 7 December 1910. p. 7.
  23. "South Hackney Election". The Times. 25 May 1912. p. 9.
  24. British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig
  25. British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig
  26. "The General Election: First Returns, Polling In The Boroughs, Heavy Voting". The Times. 16 November 1922. p. 6.
  27. British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig
  28. "The General Election: First Returns, Polling In The Boroughs, Liberal Gains". The Times. 7 December 1923. p. 6.
  29. British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig
  30. "The General Election: First Returns, Polling In The Boroughs". The Times. 30 October 1924. p. 6.
  31. British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig
  32. "The General Election: First Returns, Polling In The Boroughs". The Times. 31 May 1929. p. 6.
  33. British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig
  34. "The General Election: First Returns, Polling In The Boroughs". The Times. 28 October 1931. p. 6.
  35. British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig
  36. "The General Election: First Returns, Polling In The Boroughs". The Times. 15 November 1935. p. 8.
  37. Report of the Annual Conference of the Labour Party, 1939
  38. British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig
  39. "UK general election results 1945". Political Science Resources. University of Keele. Retrieved 2009-04-25.
  40. British Parliamentary Election Results 1950-1973, FWS Craig
  41. "UK general election results 1950". Political Science Resources. University of Keele. Retrieved 2009-04-25.
  42. British Parliamentary Election Results 1950-1973, FWS Craig
  43. "UK general election results 1951". Political Science Resources. University of Keele. Retrieved 2009-04-25.

Sources
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