Southwark (UK Parliament constituency)
Southwark (/ˈsʌðərk/ (listen) SUDH-ərk)[1] was a constituency centred on the Southwark district of South London. It returned two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons of the English Parliament from 1295 to 1707, to the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800, and to the UK Parliament until its first abolition for the 1885 general election. A seat of the same name, covering a smaller area than the last form of the earlier seat in the west of the original and beyond its boundaries to the southwest, was created in 1950 and abolished in 1974.
Southwark | |
---|---|
Former Borough constituency for the House of Commons | |
County | London |
1295–1885 | |
Number of members | Two |
Replaced by | Bermondsey Rotherhithe Southwark West |
Created from | Surrey (part of) |
1950–1974 | |
Number of members | One |
Replaced by | Bermondsey (abolished 1983) Peckham (abolished 1997) Dulwich (absorbed small parts) (abolished 1997) |
Created from | Southwark Central, Southwark North and Southwark South East |
In its last creation the seat's broad electorate heavily supported the three successive Labour candidates, who won Southwark with a majority of greater than 36% of the votes cast at its eight elections - an extremely safe seat.
Creation, boundaries, abolition
- First creation - or Southwark dual-member constituency
The constituency was created in 1295 as a parliamentary borough (also known as burgh) when its electorate was restricted to the owners of certain properties in its main streets of its burgage, returning two 'burgesses' as they were sometimes called. Its electorate was expanded to a more standard franchise in 1832. In 1833 the electorate was 4,775 adult males and this had risen to 23,472 by 1880.[2]
The Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 replaced the two-member constituency with the seats West Southwark, Rotherhithe and Bermondsey.[3]
- Second creation - or Southwark seat
A seat taking the old constituency name was established for the 1950 general election. Its boundaries were unaltered in the 1955 corrective review and it was abolished for the February 1974 general election.
Members of Parliament
MPs 1295–1640
Parliament | First member | Second member |
---|---|---|
1386[4] | Henry Thymelby | William Beeche |
1388 (Feb)[4] | John Northampton | William Porter |
1388 (Sep)[4] | Roger Chandler | Richard atte Vine |
1390 (Jan)[4] | William Wintringham | John Mucking |
1390 (Nov) | ||
1391[4] | William Spalding | Walter Segrave |
1393[4] | John Solas | Thomas Solas |
1394 | ||
1395[4] | John Solas | John Mucking |
1397 (Jan)[4] | Thomas atte Gill | John Mucking |
1397 (Sep)[4] | William Derby | John Mucking |
1399[4] | Ralph Spalding | John Parker |
1401 | ||
1402[4] | John Gofaire | John Mucking |
1404 (Jan) | ||
1404 (Oct) | ||
1406[4] | John Baker | Thomas Spencer |
1407[4] | Thomas Colman | John Deken |
1410 | ||
1411 | ||
1413 (Feb) | ||
1413 (May)[4] | William Horton | Thomas Spencer |
1414 (Apr)[4] | John William | John Welles |
1414 (Nov)[4] | John Solas | William Kirton |
1415[4] | William Redstone | Thomas Spencer |
1416 (Mar)[4] | John Solas | John Mucking |
1416 (Oct) | ||
1417[4] | William Kirton | John Deken |
1419[4] | Robert William | John Welles |
1420[4] | William Kirton | John Deken |
1421 (May)[4] | William Redstone | John Deken |
1421 (Dec)[4] | Thomas Dewy | Thomas Lucas |
1510–1523[5] | No names known | |
1529 [5] | Sir John Shilston, died 1530 | Robert Acton |
1536[5] | Thomas Bulla | ? |
1539[5] | Sir Richard Long | Robert Acton |
1542[5] | Robert Acton | Thomas Bulla |
1545[5] | ? | William Gyllam |
1547[5] | Sir John Gates, repl. by Jan 1552 by John Sayer |
Richard Fulmerston |
1553 (Mar)[5] | John Eston | John Sayer |
1553 (Oct)[5] | Humphrey Colet | John Sayer |
1554 (Apr)[5] | John Eston | John Sayer |
1554 (Nov)[5] | John Eston | John Sayer |
1555[5] | John Eston | Humphrey Colet |
1558[5] | John Eston | Robert Freeman |
1559 [6] | John Eston | Robert Freeman |
1562/3 [6] | Thomas Cure | Oliffe Burr |
1571 [6] | Thomas Cure | William Wilson |
1572 [6] | Oliffe Burr | Thomas Way |
1584 [6] | Thomas Way | Richard Hutton |
1586 [6] | Thomas Cure | Richard Hutton |
1588/9 [6] | Richard Hutton | William Pratt |
1593 [6] | Hugh Browker | Richard Hutton |
1597 [6] | Edmund Bowyer | Richard Hutton |
1601 [6] | Mathew Dale | Zachariah Locke |
1604–1611 | Sir George Rivers | William Counden |
1614 | Edward Coxe | Richard Yarward |
1621 | Richard Yarward | Robert Bromfield |
1624 | Richard Yarward | Robert Bromfield |
1625 | Richard Yarward | William Coxe |
1626 | Richard Yarward | William Coxe |
1628 | Richard Yarward | William Coxe |
1629–1640 | No Parliaments summoned | |
MPs 1640–1885
MPs 1950–1974
Election | Member | Party | |
---|---|---|---|
1950 | George Isaacs | Labour | |
1959 | Ray Gunter | Labour | |
1972 by-election | Harry Lamborn | Labour | |
Feb 1974 | constituency abolished |
Election results
Elections in the 1830s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | John Rawlinson Harris | 1,664 | 40.7 | ||
Radical | Robert Thomas Wilson | 1,434 | 35.0 | ||
Whig | Charles Calvert | 995 | 24.3 | ||
Majority | 230 | 5.7 | N/A | ||
Whig hold | Swing | ||||
Majority | 439 | 10.7 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 2,635 | ||||
Radical hold | Swing |
Harris' death caused a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | Charles Calvert | 1,066 | 62.4 | −2.6 | |
Tory | Thomas Farncomb | 643 | 37.6 | New | |
Majority | 423 | 24.8 | +19.1 | ||
Turnout | 1,709 | ||||
Whig hold | Swing | N/A |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | Charles Calvert | Unopposed | |||
Whig | William Brougham | Unopposed | |||
Whig hold | |||||
Whig gain from Radical |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | William Brougham | 2,264 | 45.2 | N/A | |
Whig | John Humphery | 1,708 | 34.1 | N/A | |
Whig | Lancelot Baugh Allen[38] | 1,040 | 20.8 | N/A | |
Radical | Thomas Lamie Murray[39] | 0 | 0.0 | New | |
Majority | 668 | 13.3 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 2,810 | 58.8 | N/A | ||
Registered electors | 4,775 | ||||
Whig hold | Swing | N/A | |||
Whig hold | Swing | N/A |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | John Humphery | Unopposed | |||
Radical | Daniel Whittle Harvey | Unopposed | |||
Registered electors | 5,249 | ||||
Whig hold | |||||
Radical gain from Whig |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | John Humphery | 1,941 | 41.1 | N/A | |
Radical | Daniel Whittle Harvey | 1,927 | 40.9 | N/A | |
Conservative | John Richards | 847 | 18.0 | New | |
Conservative | Benjamin Harrison | 2 | 0.0 | New | |
Turnout | 2,898 | 52.9 | N/A | ||
Registered electors | 5,477 | ||||
Majority | 14 | 0.2 | N/A | ||
Whig hold | Swing | N/A | |||
Majority | 1,080 | 22.9 | N/A | ||
Radical hold | Swing | N/A |
Harvey was appointed a registrar of Metropolitan Public Carriages, causing a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Radical | Daniel Whittle Harvey | Unopposed | |||
Radical hold |
Elections in the 1840s
Harvey resigned after being appointed a Commissioner of Police for the City of London, causing a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | Benjamin Wood | 2,059 | 57.3 | +16.2 | |
Conservative | John Walter[40] | 1,535 | 42.7 | +24.7 | |
Majority | 524 | 14.6 | +14.3 | ||
Turnout | 3,594 | 71.2 | +18.3 | ||
Registered electors | 5,047 | ||||
Whig gain from Radical | Swing | −4.3 | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | John Humphery | Unopposed | |||
Whig | Benjamin Wood | Unopposed | |||
Registered electors | 5,124 | ||||
Whig hold | |||||
Whig hold |
Wood's death caused a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Radical | William Molesworth | 1,943 | 55.9 | New | |
Conservative | Jeremiah Pilcher[41] | 1,182 | 34.0 | New | |
Radical | Edward Miall[42] | 352 | 10.1 | New | |
Majority | 761 | 21.9 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 3,477 | 65.0 | N/A | ||
Registered electors | 5,353 | ||||
Radical gain from Whig | Swing | N/A | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | John Humphery | Unopposed | |||
Radical | William Molesworth | Unopposed | |||
Registered electors | 7,989 | ||||
Whig hold | |||||
Radical gain from Whig |
Elections in the 1850s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Radical | William Molesworth | 3,941 | 36.7 | N/A | |
Radical | Apsley Pellatt | 3,887 | 36.2 | N/A | |
Radical | George Scovell[43] | 2,909 | 27.1 | N/A | |
Majority | 978 | 9.1 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 5,369 (est) | 56.8 (est) | N/A | ||
Registered electors | 9,458 | ||||
Radical hold | |||||
Radical gain from Whig |
Molesworth was appointed First Commissioner of Works and Public Buildings, requiring a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Radical | William Molesworth | Unopposed | |||
Radical hold |
Molesworth was appointed Secretary of State for the Colonies, requiring a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Radical | William Molesworth | Unopposed | |||
Radical hold |
Molesworth's death caused a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Radical | Charles Napier | Unopposed | |||
Radical hold |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Radical | Charles Napier | 3,991 | 39.4 | +2.7 | |
Radical | John Locke | 3,647 | 36.0 | N/A | |
Radical | Apsley Pellatt | 2,499 | 24.7 | −11.5 | |
Majority | 1,148 | 11.3 | +2.2 | ||
Turnout | 5,069 (est) | 49.8 (est) | −7.0 | ||
Registered electors | 10,170 | ||||
Radical hold | |||||
Radical hold |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Charles Napier | 4,446 | 38.9 | −0.5 | |
Liberal | John Locke | 4,255 | 37.2 | +1.2 | |
Liberal | Apsley Pellatt | 2,730 | 23.9 | −0.8 | |
Majority | 1,525 | 13.3 | +2.0 | ||
Turnout | 5,716 (est) | 53.9 (est) | +4.1 | ||
Registered electors | 10,606 | ||||
Liberal hold | |||||
Liberal hold |
Elections in the 1860s
Napier's death caused a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Austen Henry Layard | 4,572 | 57.5 | N/A | |
Liberal | George Scovell[44] | 3,377 | 42.5 | N/A | |
Majority | 1,195 | 15.0 | +1.7 | ||
Turnout | 7,949 | 70.5 | +16.6 | ||
Registered electors | 11,278 | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | N/A |
Locke was appointed Recorder of Brighton, requiring a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | John Locke | Unopposed | |||
Liberal hold |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | John Locke | Unopposed | |||
Liberal | Austen Henry Layard | Unopposed | |||
Registered electors | 11,631 | ||||
Liberal hold | |||||
Liberal hold |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | John Locke | 6,027 | 41.8 | N/A | |
Liberal | Austen Henry Layard | 5,908 | 40.9 | N/A | |
Conservative | William Cotton | 2,495 | 17.3 | New | |
Majority | 3,413 | 23.6 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 8,463 (est) | 47.8 (est) | N/A | ||
Registered electors | 17,703 | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | N/A | |||
Liberal hold | Swing | N/A |
Layard was appointed First Commissioner of Works and Public Buildings, requiring a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Austen Henry Layard | Unopposed | |||
Liberal hold |
Elections in the 1870s
Layard resigned after being appointed British ambassador to Spain.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | Marcus Beresford | 4,686 | 38.9 | +21.6 | |
Lib-Lab | George Odger | 4,382 | 36.4 | New | |
Liberal | Sydney Waterlow | 2,966 | 24.6 | −58.1 | |
Majority | 304 | 2.5 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 12,034 | 68.0 | +20.2 | ||
Registered electors | 17,703 | ||||
Conservative gain from Liberal | Swing | +39.9 | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | John Locke | 5,901 | 32.4 | −9.4 | |
Conservative | Marcus Beresford | 5,716 | 31.3 | +14.0 | |
Lib-Lab | George Odger | 3,496 | 19.2 | N/A | |
Liberal | Andrew Dunn[45] | 3,121 | 17.1 | −23.8 | |
Turnout | 11,975 (est) | 58.6 (est) | +10.8 | ||
Registered electors | 23,472 | ||||
Majority | 185 | 1.1 | −22.5 | ||
Liberal hold | Swing | −8.2 | |||
Majority | 2,220 | 12.2 | N/A | ||
Conservative gain from Liberal | Swing | +15.3 | |||
Elections in the 1880s
Locke's death caused a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | Edward Clarke | 7,683 | 50.2 | +18.9 | |
Liberal | Andrew Dunn | 6,830 | 44.6 | −4.9 | |
Lib-Lab | George Shipton | 799 | 5.2 | −14.0 | |
Majority | 853 | 5.6 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 15,312 | 65.2 | +6.6 | ||
Registered electors | 23,472 | ||||
Conservative gain from Liberal | Swing | +11.9 | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Arthur Cohen | 9,693 | 27.7 | −4.7 | |
Liberal | Thorold Rogers | 9,521 | 27.2 | +10.1 | |
Conservative | Edward Clarke | 8,163 | 23.3 | +7.6 | |
Conservative | Mark Cattley[47] | 7,674 | 21.9 | +6.2 | |
Majority | 1,358 | 3.9 | +2.8 | ||
Turnout | 17,526 (est) | 74.7 (est) | +16.1 | ||
Registered electors | 23,472 | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | −5.5 | |||
Liberal gain from Conservative | Swing | +1.3 | |||
Elections in the 1950s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | George Isaacs | 35,049 | 68.27 | N/A | |
Conservative | James Greenwood | 12,671 | 24.68 | N/A | |
Liberal | Lionel Fowler | 2,950 | 5.75 | N/A | |
Communist | Spencer John Bent | 668 | 1.30 | N/A | |
Majority | 22,378 | 43.59 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 51,338 | 73.98 | N/A |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | George Isaacs | 36,586 | 72.28 | ||
Conservative | James Greenwood | 14,032 | 27.72 | ||
Majority | 22,554 | 44.56 | |||
Turnout | 50,618 | 72.32 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | George Isaacs | 28,174 | 70.30 | ||
Conservative | James Greenwood | 10,944 | 27.31 | ||
Communist | Spencer John Bent | 959 | 2.39 | New | |
Majority | 17,230 | 42.99 | |||
Turnout | 40,077 | 60.18 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Ray Gunter | 25,036 | 63.99 | ||
Conservative | James Greenwood | 12,696 | 32.45 | ||
Communist | Spencer John Bent | 1,395 | 3.57 | ||
Majority | 12,340 | 31.54 | |||
Turnout | 39,127 | 63.37 |
Elections in the 1960s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Ray Gunter | 22,426 | 68.82 | ||
Conservative | Anthony Paul R Noble | 8,563 | 26.28 | ||
Communist | Spencer John Bent | 1,599 | 4.91 | ||
Majority | 13,863 | 42.54 | |||
Turnout | 32,588 | 55.86 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Ray Gunter | 21,855 | 73.55 | ||
Conservative | Anthony Paul Noble | 6,454 | 21.72 | ||
Communist | Spencer John Bent | 1,404 | 4.73 | ||
Majority | 15,401 | 51.83 | |||
Turnout | 29,713 | 54.03 |
Elections in the 1970s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Ray Gunter | 16,834 | 67.33 | ||
Conservative | Jeffrey Gordon | 7,040 | 28.16 | ||
Communist | Earle Hume | 1,128 | 4.51 | ||
Majority | 9,794 | 39.17 | |||
Turnout | 25,002 | 48.19 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Harry Lamborn | 12,108 | 79.33 | +12.00 | |
Conservative | Jeffrey Gordon | 2,756 | 18.06 | -10.10 | |
Independent | Brian McDermott | 398 | 2.61 | New | |
Majority | 9,352 | 61.27 | |||
Turnout | 15,262 |
Notes
- "Southwark", in The Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World (1952), New York: Columbia University Press.
- F.W.S. Craig (ed.), British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885 (London: The Macmillan Press Ltd, 1977)
- https://archive.org/stream/publicgeneralac01walegoog#page/n141/mode/2up Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 Sch 6. Division of Boroughs.
- "History of Parliament". History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 21 November 2011.
- "History of Parliament". History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 21 November 2011.
- "History of Parliament". History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 21 November 2011.
- Died January 1645; the writ to fill both vacancies was issued in August 1645
- On petition, Halsey was found not to have been duly elected, and a new election was held
- Created a baronet, August 1715
- The by-election in January 1724 was caused by death of George Meggott
- The by-election in January 1730 was caused by death of Edmund Halsey
- The by-election in June 1743 was caused by death of Thomas Inwen
- Mawbey was created a baronet in July 1765
- The by-election in December 1765 was caused by death of William Hammond
- The by-election in December 1782 was caused by death of Nathaniel Polhill
- Stooks Smith, Henry (1845). The Parliaments of England, from 1st George I., to the Present Time. Vol II: Oxfordshire to Wales Inclusive. London: Simpkin, Marshall, & Co. pp. 70–72.
- The by-election in June 1784 was caused by death of Sir Barnard Turner
- Thellusson's election in May 1796 was declared void in November 1796; a by-election was held at which he was re-elected but he was found to be ineligible to sit and Tierney was declared elected in his place
- The by-election in February 1815 was caused by death of Henry Thornton
- The by-election in November 1830 was caused by death of John Rawlinson Harris
- Spencer, Howard (2009). "BROUGHAM, William (1795–1886), of 12 Old Buildings, Lincoln's Inn, Mdx". The History of Parliament.
- Spencer, Howard. "Southwark". The History of Parliament. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
- Fisher, David R. (2009). "HARVEY, Daniel Whittle (1786–1863), of Feering House, Kelvedon, Essex and 7 Great George Street, Mdx". The History of Parliament.
- The by-election in January 1840 was caused by the resignation of Daniel Whittle Harvey
- "Southwark". Dublin Morning Register. 27 January 1840. p. 2 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- "Southwark Election". Cambridge Independent Press. 25 January 1840. p. 2 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- The by-election in September 1845 was caused by the death of Benjamin Wood
- "Newcastle Journal". 6 September 1845. p. 2 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- "The Elections—Sunderland and Southwark". Coventry Herald. 5 September 1845. p. 4 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- Steele, E. D. (1991). "At home". Palmerston and Liberalism, 1855-1865. Cambridge University Press. pp. 72, 118. ISBN 9780521400459.
- Weinstein, Benjamin (2011). Liberalism and Local Government in Early Victorian London. Boydell and Brewer. p. 91. ISBN 9780861933129.
- Hicks, Geoff; Charmley, John; Grosvenor, Bendor, eds. (2012). "The Second Derby Government". Documents on Conservative Foreign Policy, 1852-1878. Cambridge University Press. p. 112. ISBN 9781107035928.
- Hawkins, Angus (2015). "Shooting Niagara". Victorian Political Culture: 'habits of Heart and Mind' (Illustrated ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 259. ISBN 9780198728481.
- The by-election in December 1860 was caused by the death of Sir Charles Napier
- The by-election in February 1870 was caused by the resignation of Austen Henry Layard
- The by-election in December 1880 was caused by the death of John Locke
- Craig, F. W. S., ed. (1977). British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885 (e-book)
|format=
requires|url=
(help) (1st ed.). London: Macmillan Press. pp. 16–17. ISBN 978-1-349-02349-3. - "London and Suburbs Elections". Cobbett's Weekly Political Register. 15 December 1832 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- "Southwark". Morning Post. 10 December 1832. p. 2 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- "Southwark Election". Evening Mail. 20 January 1840. p. 6 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- "Southwark Election". Globe. 2 September 1845. p. 1 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- "Belfast Commercial Chronicle". 15 September 1845. pp. 2–3 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- "Election Intelligence". Reynold's Weekly Newspaper. 4 July 1852. p. 14 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- "Scovell". Morning Advertiser. 20 November 1860. p. 3 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- "Southwark Election". Daily Telegraph & Courier. 28 January 1874. p. 9 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- "For the representation of Southwark". Illustrated London News. 14 February 1880. p. 10 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- "General Election". John Bull. 20 March 1880. p. 5.
References
- Robert Beatson, A Chronological Register of Both Houses of Parliament (London: Longman, Hurst, Res & Orme, 1807)
- D Brunton & D H Pennington, Members of the Long Parliament (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1954)
- Cobbett's Parliamentary history of England, from the Norman Conquest in 1066 to the year 1803 (London: Thomas Hansard, 1808)
- F W S Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results 1832–1885 (2nd edition, Aldershot: Parliamentary Research Services, 1989)
- Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "S" (part 4)