Houma, Shanxi

Houma (simplified Chinese: 侯马; traditional Chinese: 侯馬; pinyin: Hóumǎ) is a county-level city in the southwest of the Shanxi province of the People's Republic of China, on the Fen River - the tributary of Yellow River; it is under the administration of Linfen City. Houma has an area of 220.1 km2 (85.0 sq mi) and has a population of 251,000 as of 2017.[1]

Houma

侯马市
County-level city
Houma
Location of the city center in Shanxi
Coordinates (Houma municipal government): 35°37′09″N 111°22′19″E
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceShanxi
Prefecture-level cityLinfen
Area
 • County-level city220.1 km2 (85.0 sq mi)
 • Urban
20.43 km2 (7.89 sq mi)
Population
 (2017)[1]
 • County-level city251,000
 • Density1,100/km2 (3,000/sq mi)
 • Urban158,900
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)

Houma, known as Xintian in ancient times, was the capital of the state of Jin from 585 BCE to 376 BCE.[2] Ancient bronzeware workshops, spade money, and a number of other historical relics have been excavated in Houma.[2]

Administrative divisions

Houma directly administers 5 subdistricts and 3 townships, which are subsequently divided into 76 administrative villages and 28 residential communities.[2][3] The city's five subdistricts are Ludong Subdistrict, Luxi Subdistrict, Huibin Subdistrict, Shangma Subdistrict, and Zhangcun Subdistrict.[3] The city's three townships are Xintian Township, Gaocun Township, and Fengcheng Township.[3] Houma's administrative offices are located in the Ludong Subdistrict.[3]

Geography

Houma experiences an average annual temperature of 12.6 °C (54.7 °F).[2] The forest coverage rate of the whole of Houma is 22.5%, with 44.9% of its urban area being forested.[2] Mineral deposits in Houma include iron, copper, gold, and granite.[3]

History

In 585 BCE, the Jin State moved their capital to Xintian, an ancient city located in present-day Houma.[2] Xintian remained the capital until the fall of the Jin State in 376 BCE.[2]

Chinese revolutionary Peng Zhen was born in Houma, and his former residence has been converted to a tourist destination, attracting red tourism from throughout China.[2]

Economy

Houma reported a GDP of 115.2 billion Renminbi in 2019, a 3.3% increase from 2018.[4] In 2016, the per capita disposable income was 25,725 Renminbi for the city's urban residents, and 13,177 Renminbi for the city's rural residents.[2] By 2019, this had risen to 31,248 Renminbi and 16,413 Renminbi, respectively.[4]

Houma's economy is reliant on the tertiary sector, which accounts for approximately 70% of the city's GDP.[2] Over 60,000 people in the city are employed in the city's 25 large-scale wholesale markets.[2]

Transportation

References
  1. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, ed. (2019). China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook 2017. Beijing: China Statistics Press. p. 46. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
  2. 侯马简介-侯马简介-侯马市人民政府门户网站 (in Chinese). Houma People's Government. 2017-08-27. Archived from the original on 2020-05-21. Retrieved 2020-05-21.
  3. 侯马市概况地图_行政区划网(区划地名网) www.xzqh.org. xzqh.org (in Chinese). 2016-10-18. Retrieved 2020-05-21.
  4. 关于侯马市2019年国民经济和 社会发展计划执行情况与2020年国民经济和社会发展计划草案的报告-发展规划-侯马市人民政府门户网站 (in Chinese). Houma People's Government. 2020-04-27. Archived from the original on 2020-05-21. Retrieved 2020-05-21.
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