Indonesian Maritime Security Agency

The Indonesian Maritime Security Agency (Indonesian: Badan Keamanan Laut Republik Indonesia – BAKAMLA) is a maritime patrol and rescue agency of the Republic of Indonesia. BAKAMLA is a non-ministerial government institution which reports directly to the President through Coordinating Ministry for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs. BAKAMLA's duty is to conduct security and safety patrols in the territorial waters of Indonesia and the jurisdiction of Indonesia. Previously BAKAMLA was a non-structural institution called the Coordinating Agency for the Security of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Badan Koordinasi Keamanan Laut Republik Indonesia – Bakorkamla). The agency is not part or associated with the Indonesian National Armed Forces, although its top-ranking leadership are handpicked from the Indonesian Navy. BAKAMLA and the Indonesian Navy, however, often conduct exercises and joint-operation together. While during search-and-rescue operations, BAKAMLA also conduct joint-operations with the National Search and Rescue Agency.

Indonesian Maritime Security Agency
Badan Keamanan Laut Republik Indonesia
Indonesian Maritime Security Agency Racing Stripe
Indonesian Maritime Security Agency logo
AbbreviationBAKAMLA
MottoSanskrit: Raksamihiva Camudresu Nusantarasya[1]
"We are The Guardian of Nusantara's Ocean"
Agency overview
Formed8 December 2014 (2014-12-08)
Preceding agency
  • Badan Koordinasi Keamanan Laut Republik Indonesia
EmployeesClassified
Annual budgetIDR 400 billion (2020)[2]
Jurisdictional structure
National agency
(Operations jurisdiction)		Indonesia
Operations jurisdictionIndonesia
Legal jurisdictionIndonesian Maritime Zone
Governing bodyGovernment of Indonesia
Constituting instrument
  • Peraturan Presiden Nomor 178 Tahun 2014
Specialist jurisdiction
  • Coastal patrol, marine border protection, marine search and rescue.
Operational structure
HeadquartersJalan Proklamasi No.56, Jakarta Pusat, Jakarta
Elected officer responsible
  • Mahfud MD, Coordinating Minister for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs
Agency executive
Parent agencyCoordinating Ministry for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs
Website
bakamla.go.id

President Joko Widodo officially announced the establishment of BAKAMLA to coincide with the 2014 Nusantara Day celebration held in Kotabaru, South Kalimantan. During the occasion, the President mentioned that BAKAMLA would be coordinated by the Coordinating Minister for Politics, Law and Security. Meanwhile, in the management and utilization of marine resources, Coordinating Minister for Political and Security Affairs would coordinate with the Coordinating Minister for the Ministry of Maritime Affairs.[4]

BAKAMLA is not associated with the Indonesia Sea and Coast Guard (Indonesian: Kesatuan Penjagaan Laut dan Pantai Republik Indonesia - KPLP). While the former is under the jurisdiction of the Coordinating Ministry for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs, the latter is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Transportation. Both of them however has similar roles and functions.

History

Maritime Security Coordinating Board or Badan Koordinasi Keamanan Laut initially had been formed in 1972 through a joint decree of the Minister of Defense and Security / Commander of the Armed Forces, Ministry of Communications, Ministry of Finance, Minister of Justice and Attorney General, No. KEP/B/45/XII/1972; SK/901/M/1972; KEP.779/MK/III/12/1972; J.S.8 /72/1; KEP-085/J.A/12/1972 on the Establishment of Marine Safety Coordinating Board and the Joint Command Operations Marine Safety.

Due to changes on governance and development of the strategic environment today, Maritime Security Coordinating Board requires refreshment to improve coordination among various government agencies in the field of maritime security. Hence, Coordinating Minister for Political and Security Affairs issued decree, No. KEP.05 / Menko / Polkam / 2/2003, of establishment of a working group Development Planning security and Law Enforcement at Sea. And through a series of seminars and cross-sectoral coordination meeting, then on 29 December 2005, it was determined the Presidential Regulation No. 81 Year 2005 on Maritime Security Coordinating Board (Badan Koordinasi Keamanan Laut/ Bakorkamla) as the legal basis of the Maritime Security Coordinating Board.

Following the enactment of Law No. 32 Year 2014 concerning the Marine, Bakorkamla officially renamed the Maritime Security Agency or Badan Kemananan Laut (BAKAMLA). Legal basis for BAKAMLA was then reinforced by the issuance of Presidential Regulation No. 178 of 2014 on Maritime Security Agency.

Function

The task of BAKAMLA is to conduct security and safety patrols in the territorial waters of Indonesia and the jurisdiction of Indonesia.

  • Establish national policies in the field of security and safety in the territorial waters of Indonesia and the jurisdiction of Indonesia;
  • Organize security and safety early warning systems in Indonesian waters and jurisdiction areas;
  • Carry out safeguards, supervision, prevention and prosecution of law violations in the territorial waters of Indonesia and the jurisdiction of Indonesia;
  • Coordinate and monitor the execution of water patrol with relevant agencies;
  • Provide technical and operational support to related institutions;
  • Provide search and rescue assistance in the territorial waters of Indonesia and the territory of Indonesian jurisdiction;

According to Presidential Regulation No. 178 of 2014 on Maritime Security Agency, BAKAMLA has the authority to: a. conduct an immediate pursuit; b. dismiss, examine, arrest, carry, and deliver vessels to relevant authorities for further legal process execution; and c. synergize the information system of security and safety in the territorial waters of Indonesia and the jurisdiction of Indonesia.

Vision and Mission
  • To be Professional and trustworthy maritime security agency in both national and international maritime community to support the creation of a sovereign, independent and personality based on mutual cooperation.
  • To create National and International maritime security capable of maintaining security and safety in the territorial waters of Indonesia and the jurisdiction of Indonesia and reflecting the personality of Indonesia as an archipelago country.
  • To protect sovereignty of Indonesia, independent and strengthen identity as a maritime country through BAKAMLA as the guardian of the world maritime axis.
  • The realization of developing Indonesia into an independent maritime nation, strong forward and based on the national interest.

Organisation

According to presidential decree No. 178/ 2014,[5] the organisation structure of the BAKAMLA comprises the following components:

  • Head of BAKAMLA
      • Law Enforcement Unit
      • Inspectorate
      • Task Forces
    • Secretary of BAKAMLA
      • Bureau of Planning and Organization
      • Bureau of General Affairs
      • Bureau of Infrastructure
    • Deputy of Information, Law and Cooperation.
      • Directorate of Data and Information
      • Directorate of Law
      • Directorate of Cooperation
    • Deputy of Operation and Training
      • Directorate of Naval Operation
      • Directorate of Naval Aviation Operation
      • Directorate of Training
    • Deputy of Policy and Strategy
      • Directorate of Marine Security Policy
      • Directorate of Marine Security Strategy
      • Directorate of Marine Security Research and Development
    • Head of Western Maritime Zone Office
    • Head of Central Maritime Zone Office
    • Head of Eastern Maritime Zone Office

Academy

The Marine Safety and Security Academy (Indonesian: Akademi Keselamatan dan Keamanan Laut, AKKL) is the main training institute for BAKAMLA candidates. The academy is located within the area of Naval Doctrine, Education, and Training Development Command (Kodiklatal), Bumimoro, Surabaya.[6] The AKKL (Marine Safety and Security Academy) is a breakthrough of the Marine Security Agency (BAKAMLA) in preparing qualified human resources in the field of marine security and marine education for three years.

AKKL is paramilitary academy and its graduates will get diploma certificate, the establishment of AAKL is due to cooperation between BAKAMLA and the Navy. AKKL's campus is located inside the Kodiklatal for Dormitory and Classroom, and the early warning system skill laboratory is located at Naval Academy (AAL) Bumi Moro, Moro Krembangan, Surabaya. The requirements to become AKKL cadets are as followse: male with age 22 years or below, high school graduate, physically and mentally fit, proven to have good behaviour and passed the selection test.[7]

Operational areas

The operational area of BAKAMLA is the Indonesian Maritime Zone which is divided into three maritime zones:

  1. Western Maritime Zone (Zona Maritim Barat) - Headquartered in Batam, Riau Islands. This maritime zone oversees areas of western Indonesia such as the islands of Java, Sumatra and Kalimantan.
  2. Central Maritime Zone (Zona Maritim Tengah) - Headquartered in Manado, North Sulawesi. This maritime zone oversees areas of central Indonesia such as Sulawesi and the Lesser Sunda Islands.
  3. Eastern Maritime Zone (Zona Maritim Timur) - Headquartered in Ambon, Maluku. This maritime zone oversees areas of eastern Indonesia such as Maluku and Papua.

In the future, BAKAMLA will increase the base or maritime zone spread over Indonesian waters by building seven more maritime zones to support the marine security sector. Seven maritime zones to be built in North Sumatra, West Sumatra, Cilacap, Makassar, Balikpapan, Natuna, Sorong, and Merauke. Each maritime base will have long-range radar stations and satellites to support operations. In addition, it will also be equipped with surveillance equipment and information from the satellite, which can monitor anyone entering Indonesian waters.[8]

Equipment
Bakamla paramilitary forces during an exercise.
Bakamla paramilitary forces during an exercise.

Vessels

All its vessels are currently built domestically

Picture Length Type Ships Origin Note
110 metres Offshore Patrol Vessel KN Tanjung Datu (301)[9]  Indonesia In active service.
80 metres Offshore Patrol Vessel KN Pulau Nipah (321)[10]
KN Pulau Marore (322)
KN Dana (323)		  Indonesia In active service.
48 metres Patrol Ship KN Bintang Laut (4801)[11]
KN Singa Laut (4802)[12]
KN Kuda Laut (4803)[13]
KN Gajah Laut (4804)[14]
KN Ular Laut (4805)
KN Belut Laut (4806)[15]		  Indonesia In active service.

Weaponry

BAKAMLA has been issued some light weaponry (such as AK-47) to be used in times of emergency, such as when BAKAMLA personnel are threatened or under attack. As BAKAMLA is not part of the Indonesian National Armed Forces and have different roles and functions, they are not issued with heavy weaponry.[16]

Rank Structure

The BAKAMLA uses a similar ranking system with Indonesian Navy. The difference between navy and BAKAMLA rank are the usage of special title (BAKAMLA uses special title of "Bakamla" for every personnel, while navy uses "(TNI)" for high-ranking officer and branch/corps abbreviation for other officer and enlisted personnel) and BAKAMLA does not have a rank higher than a Vice admiral as Vice Admiral is the rank of the head of the agency. Despite similarity on the title, BAKAMLA uses different insignia. Indonesian National Armed Forces personnel, Indonesian National Police personnel or other civil servant who are assigned to BAKAMLA are given BAKAMLA rank which are correspond to his/her original rank.[17]

Note: BAKAMLA is not part of Indonesian National Armed Forces and Indonesia is not a member of NATO, so there is no official equivalence between BAKAMLA ranks and those defined by NATO. The displayed parallel is approximate and for illustration purposes only.

Ranks and Insignias - Maritime Security Agency

Officers

NATO code
OF-10
OF-9
OF-8
OF-7
OF-6
OF-5
OF-4
OF-3
OF-2
OF-1
 Indonesia
Indonesian - - Laksamana Madya Bakamla Laksamana Muda Bakamla Laksamana Pertama Bakamla Kolonel Bakamla Letnan Kolonel Bakamla Mayor Bakamla Kapten Bakamla Letnan Satu Bakamla Letnan Dua Bakamla
English--Vice Admiral BakamlaRear Admiral BakamlaCommodore BakamlaCaptain BakamlaCommander BakamlaLieutenant commander BakamlaCaptain-Lieutenant BakamlaLieutenant BakamlaEnsign Bakamla
Civil Servant Grade - - IV/c IV/c or IV/b IV/b IV/a IV/a or III/c III/c III/b III/b or III/a III/a

Enlisted ratings

NATO codeOR-9OR-8OR-7OR-6OR-5OR-4OR-3OR-2OR-1
 Indonesia
Indonesian - - Sersan Mayor Bakamla Sersan Kepala Bakamla Sersan Satu Bakamla Sersan Dua Bakamla - - - ---
English--Sergeant Major BakamlaMaster Sergeant BakamlaStaff sergeant BakamlaSergeant Bakamla-----
Civil Servant Grade - - II/d II/c II/b II/a - - - - -

References
  1. "Komite II DPD RI: Peran BAKAMLA belum Optimal". dpd.go.id (in Indonesian). DPD. 18 November 2015. Retrieved 20 January 2020.
  2. "DPR Dukung Penambahan Anggaran Bakamla untuk Jaga Natuna". CNN Indonesia (in Indonesian). 13 January 2020. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
  3. Fadli (18 January 2020). "Bakamla chief to step down into retirement". thejakartapost.com. Jakarta Post. Retrieved 20 January 2020.
  4. "Ini Tugas dan Wewenang BAKAMLA yang Dibentuk Jokowi". rmol.co (in Indonesian). Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  5. "Inilah Perpres No. 178/2014 Tentang Pembentukan Badan Keamanan Laut" (in Indonesian). jakartagreater.com. 14 July 2014. Retrieved 9 March 2018.
  6. "Jokowi Dirikan Akademi Kamla". SINDOnews.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 6 February 2018.
  7. "Menkopolhukam Tinjau Kesiapan Akademi Keamanan Dan Keselamatan Laut Di Surabaya". BAKAMLA.go.id (in Indonesian). 12 April 2015. Retrieved 6 February 2018.
  8. antaranews.com. "BAKAMLA akan bangun tujuh zona maritim - ANTARA News". Antara News (in Indonesian). Retrieved 6 February 2018.
  9. Adjie, Haryo (27 November 2011). "KN Tanjung Datu 1101: Dimensi Laksana Frigat, Berstatus Kapal Patroli Penjaga Pantai". indomiliter.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 20 January 2020.
  10. Tehusijarana, Karina M. (11 January 2020). "Natuna conflict pits Prabowo against former allies". thejakartapost.com. Jakarta Post. Retrieved 20 January 2020.
  11. "Komandan Kapal Bakamla KN Bintang Laut 4801 Dikukuhkan". Beritatrans.com (in Indonesian). 11 December 2016. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
  12. "Bakamla Selamatkan Tug Boat Alorinda-2 di Perairan Sulut" (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 15 July 2015. Retrieved 1 January 2017.
  13. "Dua Kapal Bakamla RI Miliki Komandan Baru". Beritalima.com (in Indonesian). 19 September 2016. Archived from the original on 2 January 2017. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
  14. "Kapal Bakamla ikut sailing pass di Pantai Manado". Antarasulut.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 11 February 2017.
  15. "Kapal Patroli Bakamla Bertambah • JakartaGreater". Jakartagreater.com (in Indonesian). 21 November 2015. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
  16. Irawan, Dhani. "Situasi Ini Memungkinkan BAKAMLA Kontak Senjata Saat Jaga Keamanan Laut". detiknews (in Indonesian). Retrieved 7 February 2018.
  17. Akbar, Norvan (31 January 2019). "Hilangkan Ego Sektoral, Bakamla Terapkan Sistem Kepangkatan dan Seragam Baru". JPP (in Indonesian). Retrieved 13 April 2020.
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