Kazabazua, Quebec

Kazabazua is a village and municipality in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, Quebec, Canada. The village is about halfway between Maniwaki and Hull at the intersection of Route 105 and Route 301, just west of the Gatineau River.

Kazabazua
Municipality
Nickname(s): 
Kaz, Kazu
Kazabazua
Location in western Quebec
Coordinates: 45°57′N 76°01′W[1]
Country Canada
Province Quebec
RegionOutaouais
RCMLa Vallée-de-la-Gatineau
Settled1835
ConstitutedJanuary 1, 1862
Government
 • MayorRobert Bergeron
 • Federal ridingPontiac
 • Prov. ridingGatineau
Area
 • Total182.00 km2 (70.27 sq mi)
 • Land174.66 km2 (67.44 sq mi)
Population
 (2016)[3]
 • Total945
 • Density5.4/km2 (14/sq mi)
 • Pop (2011–16)
 11.6%
 • Dwellings
825
Time zoneUTC−5 (EST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
Postal code(s)
J0X 1X0
Area code(s)819
Access Routes Route 105
Route 301
Websitewww.kazabazua.ca

The village and municipality are named after the Kazabazua River which passes through it. Like many other First Nations names, Kazabazua has had many spellings in English, such as Kazaluzu, Kasubasua, Cazabasua, Cazibazouis, Cazebalzuac, Cajibajouis. This word comes from the Algonquin word kachibadjiwan, from kach ("hidden") and djiwan ("current"), hence it means "underground river". This name is a reflection of the local topography because the Kazabazua River disappears underground and resurfaces a few dozen metres (yards) downstream. The river then flows through rapids and passes under a natural stone bridge.[4]

The communities of Kazabazua Station, Aylwin, and Aylwin Station are also located within the municipality.

Geology
The Kazabazua River disappearing underground.

The bedrock of the region Kazabazua is composed predominantly of marble dating from the Precambrian Era and represent metamorphic sedimentary rocks from the Grenville orogeny.[5]

At the Kazabazua River, marble is calcitic and contains crystals of graphite and grossular garnet. The marble has been chemically and mechanically eroded by water from the river to form a karst stone bridge. The inclusion of gneiss in the marble illustrates erosion differential.[5]

The Kazabazua Plain is a geomorphological phenomenon unique to Quebec. It is made up of metamorphic rocks which are covered with a network of ancient sand dunes and bogs within which many rare plant species and threatened species have been identified. The topography is the result of water and wind action since the withdrawal of the last glacier. After this withdrawal, the region was covered by the Champlain Sea, which left a layer of marine clay. When the sea level lowered, the area was submerged under a postglacial delta which deposited large volumes of sand.[5]

History

This area is part of the Algonquin First Nation territory and has long been inhabited by that people.

Circa 1835, the area began to be settled and the community was originally called Hoganville, in memory of the first pioneers, the Hogan family, who were soon joined by the Gabie, Chamberlain, and Pritchard families.[4]

In 1858, the Aylwin Township was formed, followed in 1862 by the township municipality with the same name. These were named after judge and politician Thomas Cushing Aylwin (1806–1871). Also in 1862, the local post office opened, named Kazubazua. As evidenced by Lovell's Gazetteer of 1873, the village itself also began to be popularly known as Kazubazua.[4]

In 1932, the name was changed to Kazabazua and the municipality legally took this name in 1976. It is often shortened to "Kaz" by locals.[4]

Demographics

Population trend:[6]

  • Population in 2016: 945
  • Population in 2011: 847
  • Population in 2006: 839
  • Population in 2001: 786
  • Population in 1996: 759
  • Population in 1991: 636

Private dwellings (occupied by usual residents): 404

Languages:

  • English as first language: 47%
  • French as first language: 50%
  • English and French as first language: 3%

References
  1. Reference number 72427 of the Commission de toponymie du Québec (in French)
  2. Geographic code 83015 in the official Répertoire des municipalités (in French)
  3. "(Code 2483015) Census Profile". 2011 census. Statistics Canada. 2012.
  4. "Kazabazua (Municipalité)" (in French). Commission de toponymie du Québec. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  5. Centre d'Interprétation en Géologie du Grenville, Plan de développement intégré, Sites et circuits du patrimoine naturel de la région de l’Outaouais, Montebello (Quebec), 2008-02-27 (Online version Archived 2007-10-28 at the Wayback Machine)
  6. Statistics Canada: 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011 census
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