Khammam
Khammam, also known as Khammamett is the city in Khammam district of the Indian state of Telangana. It is the fourth largest city in the state. It is the headquarters of the Khammam district and Khammam mandal also.[4] It is located about 193 kilometres (120 mi) east of the state capital, Hyderabad, 61 kilometres (38 mi) from Suryapet, 120 kilometres (75 mi) from Warangal and also it is located about 121 kilometres (75 mi) North of the Andhra Pradesh state capital, Amaravathi. The river Munneru flows on the western side of the city.[5] As of 2011 census of India, Khammam urban agglomeration has a population of 3,13,504.[2] However, on 19 October 2012, the civic body of Khammam was upgraded to Municipal corporation Post upgradation to corporation Khammam population is approximated to be 3,07,000.[6]
Khammam
Khammamett | |
|---|---|
 Khammam as seen from Narasimha Swamy Hill | |
  Khammam Location in Telangana, India  Khammam Khammam (India) | |
| Coordinates: 17.25°N 80.16°E | |
| Country | India |
| State | Telangana |
| District | Khammam |
| Government | |
| • Body | Khammam Municipal Corporation |
| • Mayor | Guguloth Papalal |
| • Deputy mayor | Battula Murali |
| Area | |
| • Total | 93.45 km2 (36.08 sq mi) |
| Area rank | 3rd (in state) |
| Elevation | 107 m (351 ft) |
| Population (2011)[2] | |
| • Total | 313,504 |
| • Rank | 151(India) 4th (Telangana) |
| • Density | 3,400/km2 (8,700/sq mi) |
| Demonym(s) | Khammamite |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Telugu, Urdu |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 507001/02/03/115/154/170/305/318 |
| Vehicle registration | TS-04 AP-20 (Old)[3] |
| Ethnicity | Indian |
| Planning agency | Khammam Urban Development Authority |
| Website | Khammam Municipal Corporation |
Etymology
Historical records show that the city's name was once "Kammamettu.".[7][8][9][10][11][12] The name was also anglicised as "Commomet" and "Khammammet".[13]
History
The lord Narasimha swamy, on Narasimhaswamy gutta is very powerful god to the local people. Many people from faraway places visit the place regularly. Because of the presence of Lord Narasimhaswami temple in Khammam, the city was named as Sthambadri earlier. The city is located on the banks of a river called Munneru which is a tributary of the Krishna River. Khammam district has a lot of historical importance in Telangana.
Khammam City, which was the seat of Taluk Administration, was part of the larger Warangal District, until 1 October 1953. Five taluks of the Warangal district viz., Khammam, Madhira, Yellandu, Burgampadu and Paloncha (now Kothagudem) were carved out and a new district Khammam with Khammam as District Headquarters. In 1959 Bhadrachalam Revenue Division consisting Bhadrachalam and Nuguru Venkatapuram Taluks of East Godawari district, which were on the other side of the river Godavari were merged into Khammam on grounds of geographical contiguity and administrative viability.
In 1973, a new taluk with Sathupalli as its headquarters was carved out from Madhira and Kothagudem taluks. In the year 1976 four new taluks were formed viz., Tirumalayapalem, Sudimalla, Aswaraopeta and Khammam district was initially a part of larger Warangal District.
History of Khammam shows that it has produced a number of leaders who were part of the Freedom struggle, such as first generation Communist leaders Peravelli Venkata Ramanaiah, Pendyala Satyanarayana Rao, Sarvadevabhatla Ramanatham, K.L.Narsimha Rao, and Chirravuri Laxminarasaiah First Municipal Chairman of Khammam; Congress leaders Madapati Hanumantha Rao, Chepuri Nenkanna, Madapati Ramchander Rao, Sardar Jamalpuram Keshava Rao, Bommakanti Satyanarayana Rao, Hayagreeva Chary, and Nizam Rashtra Vimochanam Jalagam Vengala Rao, former Chief Minister of AP, Prof. K. Venkata Ramiah, Founder and Vice-Chancellor of KU.
Freedom movement
Some of the notable events in Khammam town during freedom struggle .
- 1931 – First Independence movement in Khammam proper
- 1935 – First Library established in Khammam town
- 1945 – 12th State Andhra Mahasabha meeting at Khammam organised by Pendyala Satya Narayana Rao as general secretary, Aahvana sangham. Elected Baddam Ellareddy as president and Pendyala Satya Narayana Rao as vice-president to 13th State Andhra Mahasabha in that meeting. The meeting was held on 26–28 March. Puchalapalli Sundarayya participated in the meeting as guest.Nearly 40,000 people attended the meeting.
- 1946 – Mahathma Gandhi's visit to Khammam mett (Khammam town) on 5 August 1946
- 1947 August, 7 – Satyagraham at Madhira and Khammam by Jamalapuram Kesava Rao, Kurapati Venkata Raju, Jagadeeswaraiah Neelakandan, Bachalakura Laxmaiah, Vattikonda Ramakotaiah, Heeralal Moriya, Teegala Hanumantha Rao, Kolipaka Kishan Rao, Gella Keshava Rao, Yadavalli Venkateswara Sharma, Pullabhotla Venkateswarlu (Hyderabad congress present), Vutukuru Kamala (Freedom Fighter – Telangana Vimochana)
Geography
Topography
Khammam is located at 17.25°N 80.15°E.[14] It has an average elevation of 108 metres (390 feet).
Climate
| Khammam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Climate chart (explanation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Climate for Khammam Average Weather in Khammam for January Sunlight 9 hours a day Coldest January temperature 12 °C Coldest daily temperature 16 °C Warmest daily temperature 28 °C Warmest January temperature 38 °C Discomfort* Moderate Morning Humidity 76% Evening Humidity 45% Rain in January 4 mm
Average Weather in Khammam for February Sunlight 10 hours a day Coldest February temperature 15 °C Coldest daily temperature 19 °C Warmest daily temperature 29 °C Warmest February temperature 40 °C Discomfort* Moderate Morning Humidity 67% Evening Humidity 39% Rain in February 9 mm Wet days for February 1 days
Khammam experiences typical Indian climatic conditions. Summer season is hot and the temperatures can climb rapidly during the day. Monsoon season brings certain amount of rainfall and the temperatures gradually reduce during this period. After the onset of the monsoon day temperatures are much lower and as the winter approaches they reduce further.
Summer season is from March and lasts till the end of May. During this time day temperatures are high and can reach 40 °C to 42 °C. Humidity is low as it is not located near the ocean. Conditions are generally dry during this period and the temperatures range from a minimum of 35 °C and can rise up to a maximum of 40 °C to 45 °C. Monsoon season brings much needed relief from the heat. Monsoon seasons are from the months of June to September. Temperatures average around 30 °C during this period. The place gets rain from the South West Monsoon. Some amount of rainfall can be experienced in the October as well. Winter season is from December to February. January is usually the coldest parts of the year. Temperatures range around 28 °C to 34 °C during this time.
- Winter: December To February
- Summer: March to June
- South West Monsoons – July to September
- North East Monsoons – October to November
Rain storms and cyclones are common in the region during the rainy season, which starts with the monsoons in early June. The cyclones could occur any time of the year, but commonly between August and November.
| Climate data for Khammam (1981–2010, extremes 1941–2009) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 35.0 (95.0) |
39.4 (102.9) |
43.3 (109.9) |
45.5 (113.9) |
47.2 (117.0) |
46.7 (116.1) |
40.6 (105.1) |
41.2 (106.2) |
37.6 (99.7) |
39.6 (103.3) |
35.4 (95.7) |
34.6 (94.3) |
47.2 (117.0) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 29.2 (84.6) |
32.1 (89.8) |
35.2 (95.4) |
37.7 (99.9) |
40.1 (104.2) |
36.6 (97.9) |
32.7 (90.9) |
31.5 (88.7) |
32.3 (90.1) |
31.5 (88.7) |
30.0 (86.0) |
28.6 (83.5) |
33.1 (91.6) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 18.1 (64.6) |
20.6 (69.1) |
23.4 (74.1) |
25.8 (78.4) |
27.4 (81.3) |
26.7 (80.1) |
25.0 (77.0) |
24.4 (75.9) |
24.6 (76.3) |
23.1 (73.6) |
20.0 (68.0) |
17.3 (63.1) |
23.0 (73.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 9.4 (48.9) |
11.7 (53.1) |
15.8 (60.4) |
18.0 (64.4) |
18.6 (65.5) |
21.2 (70.2) |
18.4 (65.1) |
19.0 (66.2) |
18.7 (65.7) |
15.2 (59.4) |
11.7 (53.1) |
9.7 (49.5) |
9.4 (48.9) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 11.4 (0.45) |
8.4 (0.33) |
7.4 (0.29) |
10.8 (0.43) |
36.6 (1.44) |
105.5 (4.15) |
240.9 (9.48) |
246.7 (9.71) |
156.6 (6.17) |
137.1 (5.40) |
23.9 (0.94) |
5.6 (0.22) |
991.0 (39.02) |
| Average rainy days | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 2.8 | 6.4 | 11.9 | 12.1 | 7.9 | 6.1 | 1.7 | 0.5 | 51.5 |
| Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) | 49 | 43 | 36 | 35 | 35 | 50 | 66 | 71 | 70 | 67 | 58 | 52 | 52 |
| Source: India Meteorological Department[15][16] | |||||||||||||
During the 2015 India heat wave, Khammam experienced a maximum temperature of 48 °C (118 °F).[17][18]
Floods
Khammam has been receiving higher annual rainfall than the rest of state. The annual rainfall is 175 centimetres (69 in) during the monsoon season. Khammam was also affected by the floods of Munneru, the tributary of Krishna River. In 2007, the floods struck by the River drowned the Bokkalagadda with a heavy three-day rain. Again in 2009, floods struck and inundated the area. There has also been a proposal for the construction of a barricade. Food Corporation of India storage centres in Khammam regularly release food for the flood victims.
Demographics
| Khammam UA population | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Population | %± | |
| 1911 | 9,117 | — | |
| 1921 | 11,532 | 26.5% | |
| 1931 | 13,002 | 12.7% | |
| 1941 | 18,982 | 46.0% | |
| 1951 | 28,251 | 48.8% | |
| 1961 | 35,888 | 27.0% | |
| 1971 | 56,919 | 58.6% | |
| 1981 | 98,757 | 73.5% | |
| 1991 | 149,077 | 51.0% | |
| 2001 | 198,620 | 33.2% | |
| Sources:[19] | |||
As of 2011 census, population of Khammam (urban and rural areas combined) in 2011 is 313,504; of which male and female are 155,461 and 158,043 respectively—a sex ratio of 1017 females per 1000 males. Urban population of Khammam is 250,182 whereas, rural population of Khammam is 63,322. 32,172 children are in the age group of 0–6 years, of which 16,725 are boys and 15,447 are girls —a ratio of 924 per 1000. The average literacy rate stands at 79.40% (For ages 7 and above) with 223,380 literates, significantly higher than the state average of 67.41%.[2][20]
Governance
The Khammam Municipal Corporation is the city's civic body.
Khammam is one of Telangana's the historical cities, with nearly 1,000 years of traceable history. It is the headquarters of Khammam District. The town was constituted into a Municipality on 24 March 1942 and upgraded to a special grade municipality in the year 2001. Administratively, Khammam is divided into 11 revenue wards and 41 election wards. On 19 October 2012 Khammam municipality was announced as a Municipal Corporation, with a further 9 gram panchayats added around it which developed in business with the town. Presently Khammam has 20 revenue wards and 50 election divisions. The Municipal Corporation has an area of 93.45 km2.
Culture
Bhakta Ramadasu Kala Kshetram,[22] has been a prestigious National theatre, constructed by the state Government in the name of Sri. Bhakta Ramadasu ( Kancherla Gopanna )[23] was devotee of Sri Rama and composer of carnatic music.
Landmarks
Khammam Fort, constructed in 950 AD by the Kakatiya Dynasty, is situated on a hill overlooking the city. Lakaram Lake is another tourist attraction.[24] Apart from these there are many places surrounding the city, such as Bhadrachalam, Parnasala, Nelakondapalli, Kusumanchi.
Information Technology
Minister for IT and Industries KT Rama Rao inaugurated IT Hub in Khammam city. Spread across 42,000 sq feet, the five-floor IT tower is constructed at a cost of Rs 27 crore.As many as 19 companies signed up to begin operations at the IT Hub which provides employment opportunities to unemployed youth. The minister also said that the government will sanction Rs 20 crore soon for the phase-II of IT Hub.[25]
Transport
The city is connected to major cities and towns by means of road and railways. National and state highways that pass through the city are National Highway 365A, State Highway 3 and 42.
Road
TSRTC operates buses from Khammam to various destinations like Hyderabad, Bengaluru, Warangal, Tirupathi, Suryapet, Vijayawada, Guntur, Rajahmundry, Kakinada, Eluru, Nizamabad, Visakhapatnam, Adilabad, Bhadrachalam,Madhira, Godavarikhani, Karimnagar, Nellore, Jagityal, Kothagudem, Nirmal, Kurnool, Kadapa, Nuzvid, Tiruvuru, Jaggaiahpet, Macherla, Kaleshwaram, Srisailam, Manugur, Sathupally, Aswaraopeta, Bhimavaram, Kodad, Yellandu and Mahabubabad.[26]
Railway
Khammam railway station provides rail connectivity to the city, located on the Kazipet–Vijayawada section of the New Delhi-Chennai main line. It is administered under Secunderabad railway division of the South Central Railway zone.
Education
There are various pharmacy colleges such as Khammam college of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Browns College of Pharmacy and MBA, MCA, and engineering colleges around Khammam, such as the Swarna Bharathi Institute of Science and Technology Engineering College, The Vazir Sultan College of Engineering. Mamata Medical College is also a teaching hospital located in the city. SR & BGNR Degree and KMDC Degree & PG College also conducts archaeological research on megalithic sites. For competitive exams like groups, police, teacher jobs Right Choice IAS academy is the famous coaching centre in entire Khammam district.[27][28] The DIET in Khammam is famous for imparting quality education to student teachers.It also has many schools like Harvest Public School,New Vision,Resonance,S.F.S,Khammam Public school e.t.c
Media
The major Telugu newspapers in city are Sakshi, Eenadu, Andhra Bhoomi, Andhra Prabha, Vaartha, Suryaa, Prajasakti, Velugu and Vishalandra. The major English newspapers in the city are The Hindu, Telangana Today, The Times of India, Deccan Chronicle, The Hindu Business Line, The New Indian Express and The Hans India. Electronic Media include HMTV, ETV and Sakshi.
Sports
- Sardar Patel Stadium[29] – A stadium with all amenities including sports complex, indoor stadium, swimming pool, cricket net, skating rink, volleyball, basketball and tennis courts. There is a running track around the football pitch.
- Pavilion Grounds By Khammam Municipal Corporation
- SR & BGNR Grounds
Festivals
Women in the city celebrate Bathukamma, a floral festival in which they worship the goddess with different flowers for nine days.[30] The women carry their Bathukamma to the nearest temple of their locality, then they clap, sing and dance rhythmically around the Bathukamma.[31] Along with Bathukamma, Bonalu was also declared a state festival on 15 June 2014.[32]
Cuisine
The cuisine of the city is mainly South Indian. The famous breakfast items are Idli, Dosa, Vada, Rava Bonda, Mysore Bonda, Parotha and Puri. Rice with variety of curries including curd is taken as main food and the most notable one is the Biryani. Special food items Harees and Haleem are traditional food items available in the season of Ramadan.[33]
Movie Theatres
There are 8 film theatres in the town. Among 8 theatres; Asian Srinivasa, Vinoda, Kinnerasani and Nartaki Megaplex Theatres were near to both Bus and Railway Stations.
|
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All the theatres are AIR-COOLED but not AIR-CONDITIONED. |
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Tourism
There are few parks in the city, namely:
- Lakaram Park (Mini-Tank Bund)
- Municipal Park
- Gandhi Park
- Jammibanda Park
- Danavayyagudem Park
- Aravapalli Ashok Kumar Municipal Park
- Velugumatla Udyanavanam
Other major tourism spots are :
- Khammam Khilla (Fort)
- Parnasala
- Stambhadri Lakshmi Narasimha Swamy Temple
- Telangana Amaraveerula Stupham.
References
- "Basic Information". Official website of Khammam Municipal Corporation. Archived from the original on 11 February 2016. Retrieved 18 February 2016.
- "Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011 Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 7 July 2014.
- "District Codes". Government of Telangana Transport Department. Retrieved 4 September 2014.
- "Khammam". Telangana state portal. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
- "Krishna District Mandals" (PDF). Census of India. p. 145. Retrieved 21 February 2016.
- Staff Reporter, . (20 October 2012). "Khammam Municipality upgraded". The Hindu.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
- A Descriptive and Historical Account in the Godavery District in the Presidency of Madras, H. Morris, 1878, London, p. 216
- A manual of the Kistna district in the presidency of Madras, Gordon Mackenzie, 1883, Madras, p. 25, 80
- Buddhist remains in Āndhra and the history of Āndhra between 224 & 610 A.D., K. R. Subramanian, p. 149
- A Handbook for India, Part I, Madras, John Murray, 1859, London
- The Geography of India, J. Burgess, 1871, London, p. 48
- The Church Missionary Intelligencer, Volume 2,1866, London, p. 73
- Babu, M. Bosu (2018), Material Background to the Vijayanagara Empire, KY Publications, p. 155, ISBN 978-93-87769-42-7
- "redirect to /world/IN/02/Khammam.html".
- "Station: Khammam Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 411–412. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M11. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- "Heatwave sweeps across India, 335 people dead". The Times of India. 24 May 2015. Retrieved 24 May 2015.
- "Hundreds Are Dying in a Blistering Heat Wave Sweeping Across India". Time. 25 May 2015. Retrieved 25 May 2015.
- "Town Amenities for Khammam District of Andhra Pradesh, 2011". Open Government Data (OGD) Platform India. 1 March 2016.
- "Literacy of AP (Census 2011)" (PDF). Official Portal of Andhra Pradesh Government. p. 43. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 5 September 2014.
- "KhammamCity Population Census 2011 – Telangana".
- "Bhaktha Ramdas Kalakeshthram, Photo-India". Ugo.cn. Retrieved 17 November 2013.
- Kancherla Gopanna
- "Lakaram lake". Andhra Pradesh Tourism. Archived from the original on 30 October 2013.
- https://www.thehansindia.com/news/cities/khammam/ktr-inaugurates-it-hub-in-khammam-660596
- "Bus Stations". TSRTC. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
- "Brochure on megalithic sites in Khammam". The Hindu. 9 June 2014.
- P. Sridhar (4 April 2014). "Impetus for heritage conservation mission". The Hindu.
- "Welcome to Sports Authority of Andhra Pradesh (S A A P)". Saap.in. Retrieved 17 November 2013.
- Special Correspondent (24 September 2014). "Bathukamma: Festivities in the air". The Hindu. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
- Gollapudi Srinivasa Rao (21 September 2014). "Bathukamma festivities to begin from Sept. 24". The Hindu. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
- "Bonalu, Bathukamma declared state festivals". The Times of India. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
- "City of Khammam » Harees popular than Haleem in Khammam". City of Khammam. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
