Kostanay Region

Kostanay Region is adjacent to the Russian federal subjects Orenburg Oblast, Chelyabinsk Oblast, Kurgan Oblast, and is near the Ural Mountains. It also touches four other Kazakh regions: Aktobe Region to the southwest, Karaganda Region to the south, Akmola Region to the southeast, and North Kazakhstan Region to the northeast. The Tobol (Tobyl) River, a tributary of the Irtysh River, starts in and flows through the region on its way to Russia. Kostanay Region's area is 197,000 square kilometers, making it the sixth largest of the Kazakh regions.

According to the Journal of Archaeological Science, in July 2020, scientists from South Ural State University studied two Late Bronze Age horses with the aid of radiocarbon dating from Kurgan 5 of the Novoilinovsky 2 cemetery in the Lisakovsk city. Researcher Igor Chechushkov, indicated that the Andronovites had an ability on horse riding several centuries earlier than many researchers had previously expected. Among the horses investigated, the stallion was nearly 20 years old and the mare was 18 years old. According to scientists, animals were buried with the person they accompanied throughout their lives, and they were used not only for food, but also for harnessing to vehicles and riding.[5]

"It is likely that militarized elite, whose power was based on the physical control of fellow tribesmen and neighbors with the help of riding and fighting skills, was buried in the Novoilinovsky-2 burial ground. The rider has a significant advantage over the infantryman. There may be another explanation: These elite fulfilled the function of mediating conflicts within the collective, and therefore had power and high social status. Metaphorically, this kind of elite can be called Sheriffs of the Bronze Age" said Igor Chechushkov.[6][7]

Kostanay Region's climate is continental, with strongly pronounced alternation of four seasons. Average temperatures: January: -18 to -19 °С, July: 19 to 22 °С. In the winter, the temperature can be as cold as -25 to -30 °C. In summer, the temperature can reach 30 °C. Annual amount of precipitation is 300–350 mm in the northern areas and 240 to 280 mm in the south. The growing season is about 150 to 175 days in the north and 180 days in the south.

The share of the European population by districts and cities of regional and republican subordination Kazakhstan in 2016   > 70٪   60.0 – 69.9 %   50.0 - 59.9 %   40.0 - 49.9 %   30.0 - 39.9 %   20.0 - 29.9 %   10.0 - 19.9 %   0.0 - 9.9 %

As of 2020, the Kostanay Region has a population of 868,549.[8]

Ethnic groups (2020):[9]

• Kazakh: 41.18%
• Russian: 40.71%
• Ukrainian: 8.08%
• German: 3.10%
• Tatar: 1.82%
• Others: 5.11%

The region is administratively divided into sixteen districts and the cities of Kostanay, Arkalyk, Lisakovsk, and Rudny.[10]

1. Altynsarin District, with the administrative center in the selo of Obagan;
2. Amangeldi District, the selo of Amangeldi;
3. Auliekol District, the selo of Auliekol;
4. Denisov District, the settlement of Denisovka;
5. Fyodorov District, the selo of Fyodorovka;
6. Kamysty District, the selo of Kamysty;
7. Karabalyk District, the urban-type settlement of Karabalyk;
8. Karasu District, the selo of Karasu;
9. Kostanay District, the urban-type settlement of Zatobolsk;
10. Mendykara District, the selo of Borovskoye;
11. Nauyrzym District, the selo of Karamendy;
12. Sarykol District, the urban-type settlement of Sarykol;
13. Taran District, the selo of Taran;
14. Uzunkol District, the selo of Uzunkol;
15. Zhangeldi District, the selo of Torgay;
16. Zhitikara District, the town of Zhitikara.

• The following five localities in Kostanay Region have town status:[10] Kostanay, Arkalyk, Lisakovsk, Rudny, and Zhetikara.

Kostanay Region function 8 higher educational institutions: 4 state and 4 not state, and also 6 branches of the Kazakhstan and Russian high schools. One of the basic - Kostanay State University (named after Akhmet Baytursinuli). The total number of students is made by 23,6 thousand person. Also functions 22 colleges in which it is trained over 12,2 thousand pupils.

In 2002-2003 educational year work 723 schools, with a contingent of pupils - 155,5 thousand person.

The state network of culture totals 380 libraries, 201 club establishments, 8 museums, 2 theatres: I. Omarov regional Kazakh drama theatre and regional Russian drama theatre. The regional showroom works.

There are sport objects: two palaces of sports, 26 stadiums, 10 sports complexes and 567 sports halls.

Kostanay Region has steady automobile outputs in all next regions and the regional centers. The Extent of general-purpose highways makes 9133 km, republican value - 1401 km and local - 7732 km. On territory of area pass from the north on the south and a southeast the main transit roads connecting the regional center with cities of Kazakhstan: Nur-Sultan, Almaty and adjoining areas; Urals: Chelyabinsk, Magnitogorsk, Troitsk, Ekaterinburg; Western Siberia: Kurgan, Tyumen.

Operation length of railways of general purpose, which are taking place on territory of the region, is equal to 1048 km. Function 53 stations conducting cargo and passenger transportations which cover all cities and 11 region.

In Kostanay Region are available three airports with a firm covering of runways: in cities of Kostanay and Arkalyk, settlement Torgai. Runways of the airport of Kostanay can accept types of planes: Tu-134, Tu-154, АН-22, Il-86 and the Boeing. From the international airport of Kostanay regular and charter flights in many cities of Kazakhstan, the CIS, Germany (Frankfurt on Main, Düsseldorf, Hamburg, Stuttgart), to Arab Emirates, Turkey and others are carried out. Here there are points of the boundary and customs control. Mineral oil in Kostanay Region is delivered from the Russian Federation and from oil refineries of Kazakhstan by railway.

The basic monopolist in sphere of telecommunications in Kostanay Region is the branch of "Kazaktelekom". The big development was received with a global network the Internet, cellular communication, an IP-telephony.

In sanatorium Sosnoviy bor there are hydropathic establishments, which are located on medical sources and have interrepublican value. Treatment is carried out: a gastrointestinal tract, respiratory system, postoperative rehabilitation and a mud baths.

• Kamshat Donenbaeva (1943-2017), 3-term delegate to the Supreme Soviet of the USSR[11]

• http://www.kostanay.gov.kz

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Qostanay Province.

1. Official site - General Information
2. Agency of statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan: Численность населения Республики Казахстан по областям с начала 2013 года до 1 февраля 2013 года (russisch; Excel-Datei; 55 kB).
3. "Official site of Kostanay city". Archived from the original on 2011-07-21. Retrieved 2008-01-15.
4. http://www.kostanay.net/modules/about/article.php?storyid=2 Information about Kostanay
5. Chechushkov, Igor V.; Usmanova, Emma R.; Kosintsev, Pavel A. (2020-08-01). "Early evidence for horse utilization in the Eurasian steppes and the case of the Novoil'inovskiy 2 Cemetery in Kazakhstan". Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports. 32: 102420. doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102420. ISSN 2352-409X.
6. "The most ancient evidence of horsemanship in the bronze age". phys.org. Retrieved 2020-07-20.
7. "Russian Scientists Have Discovered the Most Ancient Evidence of Horsemanship in the Bronze Age - South Ural State University". www.susu.ru. Retrieved 2020-07-20.
8. "Численность населения Республики Казахстан по отдельным этносам на начало 2020 года". Stat.kz. Retrieved 2020-08-03.
9. "Численность населения Республики Казахстан по отдельным этносам на начало 2020 года". Stat.kz. Retrieved 2020-08-03.
10. "Region's districts". Kostanay Region's Akimat. Archived from the original on 2011-10-27. Retrieved 10 June 2012.
11. "Скончалась Камшат Доненбаева" [Kamshat Donenbayeva dies]. Наша Газета. Kostanay, Kazakhstan. 10 November 2017. Archived from the original on 8 November 2018. Retrieved 8 November 2018.