Lacolle, Quebec

Lacolle is a municipality in southern Quebec, Canada, located in the administrative area of the Montérégie, on the Canada–United States border. The population as of the Canada 2011 Census was 2,680. The Lacolle River runs eastward through the middle of the town and empties in Richelieu River. More people cross the border illegally from the United States there than at any other point. Almost nineteen thousand people were detained in 2017.[5] The nearest town across the border is Champlain, New York.

For homonymy, see Lacolle.
Lacolle
Municipality
Muncipalité de Lacolle
Town hall
Location within Le Haut-Richelieu RCM
Lacolle
Location within southern Quebec
Coordinates: 45°05′N 73°22′W[1]
Country Canada
Province Quebec
RegionMontérégie
RCMLe Haut-Richelieu
ConstitutedSeptember 13, 2001
Government
 • MayorJacques Lemaistre-Caron
 • Federal ridingSaint-Jean
 • Prov. ridingHuntingdon
Area
 • Total53.50 km2 (20.66 sq mi)
 • Land49.64 km2 (19.17 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)[4]
 • Total2,680
 • Density54.0/km2 (140/sq mi)
 • Pop 2006-2011
 6.7%
 • Dwellings
1,185
Time zoneUTC−5 (EST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
Postal code(s)
J0J 1J0
Area code(s)450 and 579
Highways Route 221
Route 223
Route 202
Websitewww.lacolle.com

History
Lacolle Mills Blockhouse

The written history of Lacolle can be traced back to July 4, 1609, when Samuel de Champlain and his entourage stopped briefly at the mouth of a small stream for a meal before continuing southward up the Richelieu River into the lake which now bears his name. In his journal, Champlain referred to the location of the delta as "Lacole". When translated literally, the term means the neck of a bottle or that which is above the shoulders.

Lacolle was the site of three battles in the early 19th Century. Two of the battles took place during the War of 1812. The Battle of Lacolle Mills (1812) was a short engagement in which a small garrison of Canadien Militia, with the assistance of Kahnawake Mohawk warriors, defended a makeshift log blockhouse from an American invasion force led by Major General Henry Dearborn.[6] In the Battle of Lacolle Mills (1814) a garrison of 80 men of the 13th Regiment of Foot and a Congreve rocket detachment of the Royal Marine Artillery, later reinforced by a company of the Canadian Voltigeurs and the Grenadier company of the Canadian Fencibles successfully defended a blockhouse and stone mill building from an attacking American force of 4,000 men led by Major General James Wilkinson.[7][8][9]

The Battle of Lacolle was fought on November 7, 1838, between Loyal Lower Canada volunteer forces under Major John Scriver and Lower Canada rebels under Colonel Ferdinand-Alphonse Oklowski. The half hour battle ended in a rebel defeat.[10][11]

Demographics

Population
Canada census – Lacolle, Quebec community profile
2011 2006
Population: 2,680 (+6.7% from 2006) 2,512 (+4.6% from 2001)
Land area: 49.64 km2 (19.17 sq mi) 49.64 km2 (19.17 sq mi)
Population density: 54.0/km2 (140/sq mi) 50.6/km2 (131/sq mi)
Median age: 43.2 (M: 42.2, F: 44.2) 41.3 (M: 40.2, F: 42.0)
Total private dwellings: 1,185 1,095
Median household income: $44,227 $49,932
Notes: Amalgamated with Notre-Dame-du-Mont-Carmel on January 1, 2002. – References: 2011[4] 2006[12] earlier[13]
Historical Census Data - Lacolle, Quebec[14]
YearPop.±%
1991 1,392—    
1996 1,554+11.6%
YearPop.±%
2001 1,503−3.3%
2002M 2,402+59.8%
YearPop.±%
2006 2,512+4.6%
2011 2,680+6.7%
(M) merger with Notre-Dame-du-Mont-Carmel on January 1, 2002.

Language
Canada Census Mother Tongue - Lacolle, Quebec[14]
Census Total
French
English
French & English
Other
Year Responses Count Trend Pop % Count Trend Pop % Count Trend Pop % Count Trend Pop %
2011
2,680
 2,275 5.3% 84.89% 310 21.6% 11.57% 40 166.7% 1.49% 55 26.7% 2.05%
2006
2,505
 2,160 60.0% 86.23% 255 240.0% 10.18% 15 40.0% 0.60% 75 66.7% 2.99%
2001
1,495
 1,350 12.5% 90.30% 75 63.4% 5.02% 25 54.5% 1.67% 45 10.0% 3.01%
1996
1,510
 1,200 n/a 79.47% 205 n/a 13.58% 55 n/a 3.64% 50 n/a 3.31%

Industry

Lacolle as a small industrial park featuring Arneg Inc, Soudure HMC inc, and a Recycling complex operated by Compo Haut-Richelieu inc. (headquartered in St-Jean-sur-Richelieu).

Education

The South Shore Protestant Regional School Board previously served the municipality.[15]

See also

References
  1. Reference number 372452 of the Commission de toponymie du Québec (in French)
  2. "Ministère des Affaires municipales, des Régions et de l'Occupation du territoire: Lacolle". Archived from the original on 2013-10-29. Retrieved 2012-03-11.
  3. Parliament of Canada Federal Riding History: SAINT-JEAN (Quebec)
  4. "2011 Community Profiles". 2011 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. July 5, 2013. Retrieved 2014-03-09.
  5. Quan, Douglas (3 February 2019). "RCMP has spent more than $6.6M to process migrants at Canada's busiest illegal crossing". National Post. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  6. "Battle of Lacolle Mills". Retrieved 11 November 2013.
  7. John R. Elting, Amateurs to Arms, p.176
  8. Report of the Commanding Officer of the 13th Foot
  9. NICOLAS, Paul Harris: Historical Record of the Royal Marine Forces, Volume 2, p253
  10. "La bataille de Lacolle, 6 novembre 1838" Archived 2007-03-12 at the Wayback Machine at Les Patriotes de 1837@1838
  11. "Bataille de Lacolle - 6 et 7 novembre 1838. (Bataille)" in La Mémoire du Québec
  12. "2006 Community Profiles". 2006 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. March 30, 2011. Retrieved 2014-03-09.
  13. "2001 Community Profiles". 2001 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. February 17, 2012.
  14. Statistics Canada: 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011 census
  15. King, M.J. (Chairperson of the board). "South Shore Protestant Regional School Board" (St. Johns, PQ). The News and Eastern Townships Advocate. Volume 119, No. 5. Thursday December 16, 1965. p. 2. Retrieved from Google News on November 23, 2014.



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