List of Hungarian monarchs

This is a list of Hungarian monarchs, which includes the grand princes (895–1000) and the kings and ruling queens of Hungary (1000–1918).

For a list of presidents until present day, see List of heads of state of Hungary. For the semi-independent monarchs of Transylvania in the 16th and 17th centuries, see List of Princes of Transylvania.

The Principality of Hungary established 895 or 896, following the 9th-century Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin. The Kingdom of Hungary existed from 1000 (or arguably from 1001; the coronation of Saint Stephen) until 1918 (when Charles IV "renounced participation" in state affairs, but did not abdicate). The Árpád dynasty, the male-line descendants of Grand Prince Árpád, ruled Hungary continuously from 895 to 1301.

Semi-legendary rulers before the Conquest

Portrait Name Monarch from Monarch until Marriage(s) Title
Levedi
Levedias, Lebedias, Lebedi
? c. 850 (?) A Khazar princess voivode
Álmos
Almos, Almus
c. 850 c. 895 Unknown kende or gyula

(Son of Ügyek and Emese)

Grand Princes of Hungary

House of Árpád

The king-list for the first half of the 10th century is often disputed, as the Hungarian nation consisted of several tribes led by various leaders. The most frequently proposed list is:

Portrait Name Monarch from Monarch until Marriage(s) Relationship with predecessor(s)
Árpád c. 895 c. 907 Unknown   Son of Álmos
Zoltán
Zolta
c. 907 c. 947 Menumorut's daughter (?)   Son of Árpád
Fajsz
Falicsi
c. 947 c. 955 Unknown   Grandson of Árpád
Taksony
Taxis, Tocsun
c. 955 c. 972 a "Cuman" woman   Son of Zoltán
Géza
Gejza
c. 972 997 Sarolt   Son of Taksony
Stephen
István
997 25 December 1000 Blessed Gisela of Bavaria   Son of Géza

Kings of Hungary

House of Árpád (1000–1301)

Portrait Name Start of reign End of reign Marriage(s) Relationship with predecessor(s)
Saint Stephen I 25 December 1000 15 August 1038 Blessed Gisela of Bavaria   Son of Géza
Peter
the Venetian
(1st rule)
15 August 1038 September 1041 (1) Unknown
(2) Judith of Schweinfurt (?)
  Nephew of Stephen I
Samuel September 1041 5 July 1044
Battle of Ménfő
Géza's daughter   Brother-in-law of Stephen I
Peter
the Venetian
(2nd rule)
5 July 1044 September 1046 (1) Unknown
(2) Judith of Schweinfurt (?)
  Nephew of Stephen I
Andrew I
the White
September 1046 December 1060 Anastasia of Kiev   Great-grandson of Taksony
Béla I
the Champion
6 December 1060 11 September 1063 Richeza of Poland   Great-grandson of Taksony

  Younger brother of Andrew I

Solomon September 1063 14 March 1074 Judith of Swabia   Son of Andrew I
Géza I
Magnus
14 March 1074 25 April 1077 (1) Sophia
(2) Synadene
  Son of Béla I
Saint Ladislaus I 25 April 1077 29 July 1095 (1) Unknown (?)
(2) Adelaide of Rheinfelden
  Son of Béla I

  Younger brother of Géza I

Coloman
the Learned
1095 3 February 1116 (1) Felicia of Sicily
(2) Eufemia of Kiev
  Son of Géza I
Stephen II 3 February 1116 1 March 1131 Unnamed daughter of Robert I of Capua   Son of Coloman
Béla II
the Blind
28 April 1131 13 February 1141 Helena of Rascia   Grandson of Géza I

  Cousin of Stephen II

Géza II 16 February 1141 31 May 1162 Euphrosyne of Kiev   Son of Béla II
Stephen III June 1162 4 March 1172 Agnes of Austria   Son of Géza II
Ladislaus II
(Anti-king)
June 1162 14 January 1163 Unknown   Son of Béla II

  Younger brother of Géza II

Stephen IV
(Anti-king)
27 January 1163 11 April 1165 Maria Komnene   Son of Béla II

  Younger brother of Géza II

Béla III March 1172 23 April 1196 (1) Agnes of Antioch
(2) Margaret of France
  Son of Géza II

  Younger brother of Stephen III

Emeric April 1196 30 November 1204 Constance of Aragon   Son of Béla III
Ladislaus III 30 November 1204 7 May 1205 Unmarried   Son of Emeric
Andrew II
the Jerosolimitan
29 May 1205 21 September 1235 (1) Gertrude of Merania
(2) Yolanda de Courtenay
(3) Beatrice d'Este
  Son of Béla III

  Younger brother of Emeric

Béla IV
the Second Founder
14 October 1235 3 May 1270 Maria Laskarina   Son of Andrew II
Stephen V May 1270 6 August 1272 Elizabeth the Cuman   Son of Béla IV
Ladislaus IV
the Cuman
3 September 1272 10 July 1290 Elizabeth of Sicily   Son of Stephen V
Andrew III
the Venetian
23 July 1290 14 January 1301 (1) Fenenna of Kuyavia
(2) Agnes of Austria
  Grandson of Andrew II

House of Přemyslid (1301–1305)

Name
Reign
Portrait Arms Birth
Parentage
Marriage(s)
Issue
Death Comment
Wenceslaus
Ladislaus
27 August 1301

9 October 1305
6 October 1289
Prague

Son of Wenceslaus II of Bohemia and Judith of Habsburg
Viola of Teschen
5 October 1305
Prague

no issue
4 August 1306
Olomouc
aged 16
Great-great-grandson of Béla IV of Hungary

House of Wittelsbach (1305–1307)

Name
Reign
Portrait Arms Birth
Parentage
Marriage(s)
Issue
Death Comment
Otto
9 October 1305

May 1307
11 February 1261
Burghausen

Son of Henry XIII, Duke of Bavaria and Elizabeth of Hungary
(1) Catherine of Habsburg
January 1279
no issue
(2) Agnes of Glogau
18 May 1309
two children
9 November 1312
Landshut
aged 51
Grandson of Béla IV of Hungary

House of Anjou (1308–1395)

Name
Reign
Portrait Arms Birth
Parentage
Marriage(s)
Issue
Death Comment
Charles I
Charles Robert
17 November 1308

16 July 1342
1288
Naples

Son of Charles Martel of Anjou and Clemence of Austria
(4) Elizabeth of Poland
6 July 1320
Visegrád

five children
16 July 1342
Visegrád
aged 53–54
Great-grandson of Stephen V of Hungary
Louis I
the Great
21 July 1342

10 September 1382
5 March 1326
Visegrád

Son of Charles I of Hungary and Elizabeth of Poland
(1) Margaret of Bohemia
3 August 1342
Visegrád
no issue
(2) Elizabeth of Bosnia
20 June 1353
Buda
three children
10 September 1382
Nagyszombat
aged 56
King of Hungary and Poland
Mary I
17 September 1382

31 December 1385
14 April 1371
Buda

Daughter of Louis the Great and Elizabeth of Bosnia
Sigismund of Luxembourg
1 November 1385
Buda

one child
17 May 1395
Buda
aged 24
First Queen(-regnant) of Hungary
1st reign
Charles II
the Short
31 December 1385

24 February 1386
1345
Naples

Son of Louis of Durazzo and Margaret of Sanseverino
Margaret of Durazzo
24 January 1369
Naples

three children
24 February 1386
Visegrád
aged 41
Great-great-grandson of Stephen V of Hungary
King of Hungary and Naples
Mary I
with Sigismund (1387–)
24 February 1386

17 May 1395
14 April 1371
Buda

Daughter of Louis the Great and Elizabeth of Bosnia
Sigismund of Luxembourg
1 November 1385
Buda

one child
17 May 1395
Buda
aged 24
2nd reign

House of Luxembourg (1387–1437)

Name
Reign
Portrait Arms Birth
Parentage
Marriage(s)
Issue
Death Comment
Sigismund
with Mary (1387–1395)
31 March 1387

9 December 1437
14 February 1368
Nuremberg

Son of Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor and Elizabeth of Pomerania
(1) Mary of Hungary
1 November 1385
Buda
one child
(2) Barbara of Cilli
6 December 1405
Székesfehérvár
two children
9 December 1437
Znojmo
aged 69
Fourth great-grandson of Béla IV of Hungary and husband of Mary, Queen of Hungary

House of Habsburg (1437–1457)

Name
Reign
Portrait Arms Birth
Parentage
Marriage(s)
Issue
Death Comment
Albert
the Magnanimous
18 December 1437

27 October 1439
10 August 1397
Vienna

Son of Albert IV, Duke of Austria and Joanna Sophia of Bavaria
Elizabeth of Luxembourg
19 April 1422
Vienna

four children
27 October 1439
Neszmély
aged 42
Seventh great-grandson of Géza II of Hungary and son-in-law of Sigismund of Luxembourg
Ladislaus V
the Posthumous
15 May 1440

23 November 1457
22 February 1440
Komárom

Son of Albert of Habsburg and Elizabeth of Luxembourg
never married
no issue
23 November 1457
Prague
aged 17
King of Hungary and Bohemia and Duke of Austria
  • 27 October 1439 19 December 1442: Queen Regent Elizabeth of Luxembourg
  • 7 May 1445 6 June 1446: Seven Captains of the Realm
  • 6 June 1446 January 1453: Regent John Hunyadi

House of Jagiellon (1440–1444)

Name
Reign
Portrait Arms Birth
Parentage
Marriage(s)
Issue
Death Comment
Vladislaus I
Vladislaus of Varna
17 July 1440

10 November 1444
31 October 1424
Kraków

Son of Vladislaus II of Jagiellon and Sophia of Halshany
never married
no issue
10 November 1444
Varna
aged 20
Fourth great-grandson of Béla IV of Hungary

House of Hunyadi (1458–1490)

Name
Reign
Portrait Arms Birth
Parentage
Marriage(s)
Issue
Death Comment
Matthias I
the Just
24 January 1458

6 April 1490
23 February 1443
Kolozsvár

Son of John Hunyadi and Elisabeth Szilágyi
(1) Catherine of Poděbrady
1 May 1463
Buda
no issue
(2) Beatrice of Naples
22 December 1476
Székesfehérvár
no issue
6 April 1490
Vienna
aged 47
No relationship with predecessors

House of Jagiellon (1490–1526)

Name
Reign
Portrait Arms Birth
Parentage
Marriage(s)
Issue
Death Comment
Vladislaus II
Vladislaus Dobže
15 July 1490

13 March 1516
1 March 1456
Kraków

Son of Casimir IV of Jagiellon and Elizabeth of Austria
Anne of Foix-Candale
29 September 1502
Székesfehérvár

two children
13 March 1516
Buda
aged 60
Grandson of Albert of Habsburg

King of Hungary and Bohemia

Louis II
13 March 1516

29 August 1526
1 July 1506
Buda

Son of Vladislaus II of Hungary and Anne of Foix-Candale
Mary of Austria
4 June 1508
Székesfehérvár

no issue
29 August 1526
Mohács
aged 20
King of Hungary and Bohemia

House of Zápolya (1526–1570)

Name
Reign
Portrait Arms Birth
Parentage
Marriage(s)
Issue
Death Comment
John I
John Zápolya
11 November 1526

July 1540
1487
Szepesváralja

Son of Stephen Zápolya and Hedwig of Cieszyn
Isabella Jagiellon
2 March 1539
Székesfehérvár

one child
July 1540
Szászsebes
aged 53
Sixth great-grandson of Béla IV
Contested by Ferdinand I
John II
John Sigismund
13 September 1540

16 August 1570
7 July 1540
Buda

Son of John I of Hungary and Isabella Jagiellon
never married
no issue
14 March 1571
Gyulafehérvár
aged 30
Elected King of Hungary
Contested by Ferdinand I and Maximilian

House of Habsburg (1526–1780)

Name
Reign
Portrait Arms Birth
Parentage
Marriage(s)
Issue
Death Comment
Ferdinand I
17 December 1526

25 July 1564
10 March 1503
Alcalá de Henares

Son of Philip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile
Anne of Bohemia
26 May 1521
Linz

fifteen children
25 July 1564
Vienna
aged 61
Tenth great-grandson of Géza II and brother-in-law of Louis II
Contested by John I of Zápolya and John Sigismund
Maximilian
26 July 1564

12 October 1576
31 July 1527
Vienna

Son of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Hungary and Anne of Bohemia
Maria of Spain
13 September 1548
Valladolid

fifteen children
12 October 1576
Regensburg
aged 49
Son of Ferdinand I
Contested by John Sigismund until 1570
Rudolph
12 October 1576

26 June 1608
18 July 1552
Vienna

Son of Maximilian (II), Holy Roman Emperor and King of Hungary and Maria of Spain
Unmarried 20 January 1612
Prague
aged 59
Son of Maximilian
Matthias II
26 June 1608

20 March 1619
24 February 1557
Vienna

Son of Maximilian (II), Holy Roman Emperor and King of Hungary and Maria of Spain
Anna of Tyrol
4 December 1611
Vienna

no issue
20 March 1619
Vienna
aged 62
Son of Maximilian and younger brother of Rudolph
Ferdinand II
20 March 1619

15 February 1637
9 July 1578
Graz

Son of Charles II, Archduke of Austria and Maria Anna of Bavaria
(1) Maria Anna of Bavaria
23 April 1600
Graz
seven children
(2) Eleonora Gonzaga
2 February 1622
Innsbruck
no issue
15 February 1637
Vienna
aged 58
Grandson of Ferdinand I and cousin of Rudolph and Matthias
Ferdinand III
15 February 1637

2 April 1657
13 July 1608
Graz

Son of Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Hungary and Maria Anna of Bavaria
(1) Maria Anna of Spain
20 February 1631
Vienna
six children
(2) Maria Leopoldine of Austria
2 July 1648
Linz
one child
(3) Eleonora Gonzaga
30 April 1651
Wiener Neustadt
four children
2 April 1657
Vienna
aged 48
Son of Ferdinand II
Ferdinand IV
16 June 1647

9 July 1654
8 September 1633
Vienna

Son of Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Hungary and Maria Anna of Spain
Never married
no children
9 July 1654
Vienna
aged 20
Son and co-ruler of Ferdinand III
Leopold I
2 April 1657

5 May 1705
9 June 1640
Vienna

Son of Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Hungary and Maria Anna of Spain
(1) Margaret Theresa of Spain
12 December 1666
Vienna
four children
(2) Claudia Felicitas of Austria
15 October 1673
Graz
two children
(3) Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg
14 December 1676
Passau
ten children
5 May 1705
Vienna
aged 64
Son of Ferdinand III
Joseph I
5 May 1705

17 April 1711
26 July 1678
Vienna

Son of Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Hungary and Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg
Wilhelmine Amalia of
Brunswick-Lüneburg

24 February 1699
Vienna

three children
17 April 1711
Vienna
aged 32
Son of Leopold I
Charles III
17 April 1711

20 October 1740
1 October 1685
Vienna

Son of Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Hungary and Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg
Elisabeth Christine of
Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel

1 August 1708
Barcelona

four children
20 October 1740
Vienna
aged 55
Son of Leopold I and younger brother of Joseph I
Mary II
Maria Theresa
20 October 1740

29 November 1780
13 May 1717
Vienna

Daughter of Charles III, (IV) Holy Roman Emperor and King of Hungary and Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Francis Stephen of Lorraine
12 February 1736
Vienna

sixteen children
29 November 1780
Vienna
aged 63
Daughter of Charles III

House of Habsburg-Lorraine (1780–1918)

Name
Reign
Portrait Arms Birth
Parentage
Marriage(s)
Issue
Death Comment
Joseph II
the Hat King[1]
29 November 1780

20 February 1790
13 March 1741
Vienna

Son of Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria
(1) Isabella of Parma
6 October 1760
Vienna
two children
(2) Maria Josepha of Bavaria
13 January 1765
Vienna
no issue
20 February 1790
Vienna
aged 48
Son of Maria Theresa, and Holy Roman Emperor
Leopold II
20 February 1790

1 March 1792
5 May 1747
Vienna

Son of Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria
Maria Luisa of Spain
5 August 1765
Innsbruck

sixteen children
1 March 1792
Vienna
aged 44
Son of Maria Theresa, younger brother of Joseph II
Francis
1 March 1792

2 March 1835
12 February 1768
Florence

Son of Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain
(1) Elisabeth of Württemberg
(2) Maria Theresa of Naples
(3) Maria Ludovika of Austria-Este
(4) Caroline Augusta of Bavaria

thirteen children
2 March 1835
Vienna
aged 67
Son of Leopold II
Ferdinand V
the Benign
2 March 1835

2 December 1848
19 April 1793
Vienna

Son of Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily
Maria Anna of Savoy
27 February 1831
Vienna

no issue
29 June 1875
Prague
aged 82
Son of Francis
Francis Joseph I
2 December 1848

21 November 1916
18 August 1830
Vienna

Son of Archduke Franz Karl of Austria and Princess Sophie of Bavaria
Elisabeth of Bavaria
24 April 1854
Vienna

four children
21 November 1916
Vienna
aged 86
Nephew of Ferdinand V
Charles IV
Blessed Charles
21 November 1916

16 November 1918
17 August 1887
Persenbeug-Gottsdorf

Son of Archduke Otto of Austria and Princess Maria Josepha of Saxony
Zita of Bourbon-Parma
21 October 1911
Schwarzau

eight children
1 April 1922
Funchal
aged 34
Great-nephew of Francis Joseph I

Timeline

Treaty of TrianonAusgleichTreaty of PassarowitzBattle of MohácsStephen I of HungaryList of Ottoman sultansHabsburg-LorraineList of rulers of TransylvaniaHabsburgSzapolyaiMiklós HorthyHabsburg-LorraineJagiellonHunyadiAnjouÁrpáds

See also

References

[2]
[3][4][5][6]

  1. In its 1849 Declaration of Independence the Hungarian National Assembly declared that Joseph II was not a true King of Hungary because he was never crowned with the Crown of St. Stephen.
  2. Allan Ellenius, Wim Blockmans, European Science Foundation; The Origins of the Modern State in Europe: 13th to 18th Centuries, Oxford University Press, 1998
  3. Bálint Hóman, Gyula Szekfű, Gyula Szekfu; Magyar történet; Királyi Magyar Egyetemi Nyomda, 1938
  4. Štefan Holčík; Korunovačné slávnosti, Bratislava 1563–1830, Tatran, 1986
  5. Jenő Vértesy; Kölcsey Ferencz, Nyomatott a Magyar királyi Egyetemi könyvnyomdában, 1885
  6. Slovenská akadémia vied; Historický časopis, Vydatelʹstvo Slovenskej akadémie vied, 1985
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