List of Singaporean inventions and discoveries

• Bak chor mee, which translates to minced meat noodles, is a Singaporean noodle dish common in hawker centres. The noodles are tossed in vinegar, minced meat, pork slices, pork liver, stewed sliced mushrooms, meat balls and bits of deep-fried lard. The dish can be categorised into two variants: a dry version and a soup version. Most dry versions come with slices of stewed mushroom, minced pork, slices of lean pork and sometimes fried anchovies, atop noodles tossed in a chilli-vinegar sauce, while soup versions include a pork flavoured broth.[1]
• Chilli crab is considered as one of Singapore's national dishes, it was invented in 1956 by a Singaporean couple and was originally sold from a push cart.[2]
• Hainanese chicken rice, also considered as one of Singapore's national dishes. It was first invented by Hainanese immigrants in Singapore during the 1920s.[3][4][5]
• Kaya toast is a well known Singaporean snack commonly eaten during breakfast or afternoon tea.[6]
• Katong laksa is a Singaporean variant of the spicy noodle soup laksa inspired by people who live in the precinct of Katong located in eastern Singapore.[7]

• Kopi is a type of traditional coffee originating from Singapore. Invented in the early 20th century at the now Downtown Core such as Chinatown, it is a highly caffeinated black coffee served with milk and sugar. It usually goes along with kaya toast, another Singaporean dish.[8][9][10]
• The Singapore Sling is a gin-based sling cocktail invented in 1915 by Singaporean bartender Ngiam Tong Boon at the Raffles Hotel in Singapore.[11][12][13]
• Milo dinosaur is a Singaporean chocolate malt–based beverage most commonly found in hawker centres.[14]

• Hawker centres, a type of food court originating in Singapore that caters to both Singaporean and other Asian cuisines. They are regulated by the Singapore government under strict hygiene standards. They are owned by three government bodies, namely the National Environment Agency (NEA) under the parent Ministry of Sustainability and the Environment (MSE), the Housing and Development Board (HDB) and JTC Corporation. In 2019, Singapore's submission to inscribe its hawker culture on the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity was officially recognised by UNESCO on 16 December 2020, where it described the hawker centre as "‘community dining rooms’ where people from diverse backgrounds gather and share the experience of dining over breakfast, lunch and dinner."[15][16]
• Tze Char, a term originating from Singapore describing food stalls which provides a wide selection of common and affordable dishes which approximate home-cooked meals. These are most commonly found in hawker centers.

A SanDisk Cruzer USB drive from 2011, with 4 GB of storage capacity.

• Sound Blaster, invented by Sim Wong Hoo and his company Creative Technology (known as Creative Labs in the United States).[17]

• The ARCT-021 vaccine for COVID-19, developed by Singaporean scientists at the Duke–NUS Medical School.[18][19]

• USB flash drive, although similar concepts had already existed at the time, the current design was originally invented by Singaporean company Trek 2000 International, the thumb-drive first made its debut at a technology fair in at the turn of the millennium. It eventually phased out the floppy disk that had been in use for decades and revolutionised the portable media storage industry.[20][21]

• Virtual museums were first invented by Lin Hsin Hsin at the Lin Hsin Hsin Art Museum in 1994. At the time, its technology was considered the first of its kind during the initial expansion of the World Wide Web.[22][23]

• The SAR 21, which stands for Singapore Assault Rifle – 21st Century, is a bullpup assault rifle designed and manufactured in Singapore. It was first revealed and subsequently adopted by the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) in 1999 by the Ministry of Defence (MINDEF), Singapore Army and the Chartered Industries of Singapore (CIS, now ST Kinetics).[24] The rifle is sold internationally, and it is used by the special armed forces of various countries.
• The BR18, or Bullpup Multirole Combat Rifle, is another bullpup assault rifle that is designed to be the successor of the SAR 21. Unveiled in 2014, the rifle is designed to fire both 5.56×45mm NATO and ST Kinetics Extended Range 5.56mm ammunition and comes as standard with MIL-STD-1913 Picatinny rails at the three, six, nine and 12 o’clock positions.[25]
• Conventional Multirole Combat Rifle or CMCR

• STK 40 AGL
• STK 40 GL

• STK 50MG

• FH-2000
• SLWH Pegasus
• SSPH Primus

• The Ultimax 100 is a Singaporean light machine gun produced by Chartered Industries of Singapore (now ST Kinetics) in 1982. It is the standard light machine gun in use with the SAF.[26] It is used by many countries in the world, including the marine or commando corps of Chile, Indonesia and the United States.[27][28]

• Bionix Assault Fighting Vehicle (AFV)
• Bronco All Terrain Tracked Carrier
• Terrex Infantry Carrier Vehicle (ICV)
• The Hunter AFV is a Singaporean armoured fighting vehicle jointly developed by ST Engineering, Defence Science and Technology Agency, and the Singapore Army. Commissioned in 2019, it was intended to replace the Singapore Army's preceding Ultra M113 armoured personnel carriers.[29]
• Light Strike Vehicle (LSV)

• ST Kinetics CPW

A wide majority of the equipment of the Republic of Singapore Navy are locally built, designed and engineered. Some are also sold internationally to countries such as to the navies of Oman and Thailand.[30][31][32][33]

• Endurance-class
  • RSS Endurance
  • RSS Resolution
  • RSS Persistence
  • RSS Endeavour
  • HTMS Angthong (Royal Thai Navy)

• Victory-class
  • RSS Victory
  • RSS Valour
  • RSS Vigilance
  • RSS Valiant
  • RSS Vigour
  • RSS Vengeance

• Formidable-class
  • RSS Formidable
  • RSS Intrepid
  • RSS Steadfast
  • RSS Tenacious
  • RSS Stalwart
  • RSS Supreme

• Bedok-class
  • RSS Bedok
  • RSS Kallang
  • RSS Katong
  • RSS Punggol

• Independence-class
  • RSS Independence
  • RSS Sovereignty
  • RSS Unity
  • RSS Justice
  • RSS Indomitable
  • RSS Fortitude
  • RSS Dauntless
  • RSS Fearless
• Fearless-class
  • RSS Fearless
  • RSS Brave
  • RSS Courageous[note 1]
  • RSS Gallant
  • RSS Daring
  • RSS Dauntless
  • RSS Resilience
  • RSS Unity
  • RSS Sovereignty
  • RSS Justice
  • RSS Freedom
  • RSS Independence

The Eurocopter EC120 Colibri, or EC120 Colibri, or just Colibri, is a five-seat, single-engine, light utility helicopter that was jointly designed and developed by Eurocopter, China National Aero-Technology Import & Export Corporation (CATIC), Harbin Aviation Industries (Group) Ltd (HAIG) and Singapore Technologies Aerospace Ltd (STAero).[34]