List of South-West Indian Ocean intense tropical cyclones

Intense tropical cyclone is the second-highest classification used within the South-West Indian Ocean to classify tropical cyclones with and are amongst the strongest tropical cyclones that can form on Earth. A total of 101 tropical cyclones have peaked as an intense tropical cyclone while in the South-West Indian Ocean, which is denoted as the part of the Indian Ocean to the south of the equator and to the west of 90°E. The most recent intense tropical cyclone was Cyclone Irondro of the 2019-20 season.

Cyclone Herold at peak intensity on March 17, 2020.

Background

The South-West Indian Ocean tropical cyclone basin is located to the south of the Equator between Africa and 90°E.[1] The basin is officially monitored by Meteo France's tropical cyclone centre on the island of Reunion (MFR, RSMC La Reunion). In addition, the Mauritius Meteorological Service and the Madagascan Direction Generale de la Meteorologie are classified as subregional tropical cyclone advisory centres and are responsible for monitoring and naming tropical cyclones in consultation with RSMC La Reunion.[1] Other meteorological services such as the Australian Bureau of Meteorology, Mauritius Meteorological Service as well as the United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center also monitor the basin.[1] Within the basin an intense tropical cyclone is a tropical cyclone that has 10-minute mean maximum sustained wind speeds between 90–115 knots (165–215 km/h; 105–130 mph).[1]

Systems
Name Dates as an intense
tropical cyclone		 Duration Sustained
wind speeds		 Pressure Areas affected Deaths Damage
(USD)		 Refs
AuroreNovember 21, 197712 hours170 km/h (105 mph)927 hPa (27.37 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[2]
CelineFebruary 9 - 10, 197912 hours170 km/h (110 mph)927 hPa (27.37 inHg)Mauritius, Reunion, RodriguesNoneUnknown[3][4]
IdylleApril 7 – 13, 19796 days 18 hours175 km/h (105 mph)927 hPa (27.37 inHg)Western AustraliaNoneMinor[5][6]
AlbineNovember 30, 1979Unknown165 km/h (105 mph)960 hPa (28.35 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[7]
Viola-ClaudetteDecember 15 – 19, 19793 days 6 hours205 km/h (125 mph)930 hPa (27.46 inHg)St. Brandon, Mauritius, Réunion5$175 million[8][9][10][11]
Chris-DamiaJanuary 9 – 16, 19826 days 12 hours215 km/h (130 mph)898 hPa (26.52 inHg)Rodrigues, Mauritius0$650 thousand[12][13]
KarlaApril 30 – May 2, 19822 days170 km/h (105 mph)927 hPa (27.37 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[14]
AndryDecember 9 – 12, 19832 days 18 hours170 km/h (105 mph)927 hPa (27.37 inHg)Agaléga, Madagascar1Extensive[15][16][17]
BakolyDecember 23, 198312 hours170 km/h (105 mph)927 hPa (27.37 inHg)Mauritius, RéunionNone$21 million[18]
JaminyFebruary 16 – 17, 19841 day 6 hours170 km/h (105 mph)927 hPa (27.37 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[19]
KamisyApril 8, 198418 hours170 km/h (105 mph)927 hPa (27.37 inHg)Madagascar, Comoros, Mayotte, Seychelles69$250 million[20]
ErinestaFebruary 4 - 5, 19861 day170 km/h (105 mph)927 hPa (27.37 inHg)Tromelin Island, Madagascar, RéunionNoneNone[21]
GasitaoMarch 20, 19886 hours170 km/h (105 mph)927 hPa (27.37 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[22][23]
Walter-GregoaraMarch 17 – 18, 19901 day 12 hours170 km/h (105 mph)927 hPa (27.37 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[24]
Harriet-HeatherMarch 2 – 3, 199212 hours165 km/h (105 mph)930 hPa (27.46 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[25]
EdwinaMarch 2 – 3, 19922 days 6 hours170 km/h (105 mph)925 hPa (27.32 inHg)Rodrigues, Mauritius, RéunionNoneNone[26]
JourdanneApril 6 – 7, 199312 hours165 km/h (105 mph)930 hPa (27.46 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[27]
GeraldaJanuary 30 –
February 2, 1994		2 days 12 hours205 km/h (125 mph)905 hPa (26.72 inHg)Madagascar23110 million[28][29]
LitanneMarch 11, 19941 day195 km/h (120 mph)910 hPa (26.87 inHg)St. Brandon, Madagascar0None[30]
NadiaMarch 22, 19941 day175 km/h (110 mph)925 hPa (27.32 inHg)Madagascar, Comoros, Mayotte, Mozambique, Malawi252$20.2 million[31][32][33]
OdilleApril 11 – 12, 19941 day175 km/h (110 mph)925 hPa (27.32 inHg)St. Brandon, RodriguesNoneUnknown[34]
AlbertineNovember 28 – 29, 199418 hours175 km/h (110 mph)925 hPa (27.32 inHg)Diego Garcia, RodriguesNoneUnknown[35]
DorinaJanuary 21 – 22, 19951 day 6 hours175 km/h (110 mph)925 hPa (27.32 inHg)Rodrigues0None[36]
MarleneApril 3 - 4, 19951 day 12 hours185 km/h (115 mph)920 hPa (27.17 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[37]
Daryl-AgnielleNovember 20 – 21, 19951 day 6 hours175 km/h (110 mph)925 hPa (27.32 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[38]
BonitaJanuary 8 – 9, 19961 day185 km/h (115 mph)920 hPa (27.17 inHg)Madagascar, Mozambique
Zimbabwe, Zambia, Angola		42Unknown[39][40][41][42]
ItelleApril 12 – 14, 19962 days175 km/h (110 mph)925 hPa (27.32 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[43]
Melanie-BellamineNovember 4 – 5, 19961 day 6 hours175 km/h (110 mph)925 hPa (27.32 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[44]
DaniellaDecember 5 – 7, 19961 day 18 hours185 km/h (115 mph)915 hPa (27.02 inHg)Mauritius, Réunion3Unknown[45][46][47][48]
DavinaMarch 7 – 8, 19991 day 6 hours165 km/h (105 mph)930 hPa (27.46 inHg)Rodrigues, Mauritius, Réunion2Minor[49][50][51][52]
Frederic-EvrinaApril 1, 199918 hours175 km/h (110 mph)925 hPa (27.32 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[53]
ConnieJanuary 27 – 29, 20001 day 18 hours185 km/h (115 mph)930 hPa (27.46 inHg)Mauritius, Réunion, Mozambique3None[54][55][56][57]
Leon-ElineFebruary 17 & 22, 200018 hours185 km/h (115 mph)930 hPa (27.46 inHg)Madagascar, Mozambique114-722$309 million[58][59][32][60][61][62]
AndoJanuary 5 - 7, 20013 days195 km/h (120 mph)925 hPa (27.32 inHg)Seychelles, Mauritius, Réunion2None[63][64][65][66]
CharlyJanuary 22 – 23, 20011 day185 km/h (115 mph)930 hPa (27.46 inHg)Rodrigues, Mauritius, Réunion0None[64][66][67]
DinaJanuary 19 – 23, 20024 days 6 hours215 km/h (130 mph)910 hPa (26.87 inHg)Mauritius, Réunion15$287 million[68][69][70][71][72][73]
FrancescaFebruary 4 – 5, 20021 day195 km/h (120 mph)925 hPa (27.32 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[74]
GillaumeFebruary 18 – 21, 20023 days205 km/h (125 mph)920 hPa (27.17 inHg)Madagascar, Comoros
Mauritius, Réunion		0Unknown[69][75]
IkalaMarch 27, 200212 hours165 km/h (105 mph)945 hPa (27.91 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[76]
GerryFebruary 13, 200318 hours165 km/h (105 mph)940 hPa (27.76 inHg)Mauritius, Réunion1Unknown[77][78][79][80]
JaphetMarch 1, 20031 day175 km/h (110 mph)935 hPa (27.61 inHg)Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe25Unknown[81][78][82][83][84]
KalundeMarch 7 – 11, 20033 days 6 hours215 km/h (135 mph)910 hPa (26.87 inHg)RodriguesNone$3.15 million[85][86][87]
BeniNovember 13, 200312 hours175 km/h (110 mph)935 hPa (27.61 inHg)Mascarene Islands0None[88]
FrankJanuary 30 – 31, 200418 hours185 km/h (115 mph)930 hPa (27.46 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[89]
BentoNovember 23 – 25, 20042 days 6 hours215 km/h (130 mph)915 hPa (27.02 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[90]
ErnestJanuary 22, 200512 hours165 km/h (105 mph)950 hPa (28.05 inHg)Mayotte, Madagascar78Unknown[91]
Bertie-AlvinNovember 24, 200518 hours175 km/h (110 mph)930 hPa (27.46 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[92]
CarinaFebruary 27 – March 1, 20061 day 18 hours205 km/h (125 mph)915 hPa (27.02 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[93]
BondoDecember 19 – 21, 20061 day 18 hours205 km/h (125 mph)930 hPa (27.46 inHg)Madagascar, Mozambique11None[94][95][96][97]
DoraFebruary 2 - 4, 20071 day 18 hours195 km/h (120 mph)925 hPa (27.32 inHg)Rodrigues0None[98][99]
FavioFebruary 20 – 22, 20072 days 12 hours195 km/h (120 mph)925 hPa (27.32 inHg)Mozambique, Madagascar10$71 million[100][101][102][95][103][104]
GamedeFebruary 25 – 26, 200718 hours165 km/h (105 mph)935 hPa (27.61 inHg)Mascarene Islands4[105][95][106][107][108][109]
IndlalaMarch 14 – 15, 200718 hours175 km/h (110 mph)935 hPa (27.61 inHg)Madagascar150$240 million[110][111][112][113]
JayaMarch 31 – April 2, 20071 day185 km/h (115 mph)935 hPa (27.61 inHg)Madagascar1None[114]
HondoFebruary 6 – 10, 20083 days 6 hours215 km/h (130 mph)915 hPa (27.02 inHg)Mauritius, Réunion0Minimal[115]
IvanFebruary 16 – 17, 200818 hours185 km/h (115 mph)930 hPa (27.46 inHg)Madagascar93$300 million[116]
JokweMarch 7 – 8, 200818 hours195 km/h (120 mph)940 hPa (27.76 inHg)Madagascar, Mozambique16$80 million[117]
KambaMarch 10, 20081 day185 km/h (115 mph)930 hPa (27.46 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[118]
FaneleJanuary 20 – 21, 20091 day185 km/h (115 mph)930 hPa (27.46 inHg)Madagascar2None[119]
GaelFebruary 6 – 8, 20091 day 18 hours185 km/h (115 mph)930 hPa (27.46 inHg)Madagascar2None[120][121][122]
AnjaNovember 15 - 16, 200912 hours165 km/h (105 mph)950 hPa (28.05 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[123]
CleoDecember 8, 200918 hours195 km/h (120 mph)930 hPa (27.46 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[124]
GelaneFebruary 19 – 20, 20101 day205 km/h (125 mph)930 hPa (27.46 inHg)Réunion, Mauritius, Rodrigues, MadagascarNoneNone[125]
FunsoJanuary 23 – 25, 20121 day 12 hours205 km/h (125 mph)925 hPa (27.32 inHg)Mozambique, Malawi40Unknown[126][127][128]
GiovannaFebruary 10 – 11, 201218 hours195 km/h (120 mph)935 hPa (27.61 inHg)Mauritius, Réunion, Madagascar35Unknown[129]
AnaisOctober 14 – 15, 20121 day185 km/h (115 mph)945 hPa (27.91 inHg)MadagascarNoneNone[130]
ClaudiaDecember 6 – 10, 201218 hours175 km/h (110 mph)940 hPa (27.76 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[131]
FellengJanuary 30, 201318 hours165 km/h (105 mph)935 hPa (27.61 inHg)Seychelles, Madagascar, Mauritius, Réunion9Unknown[132]
AmaraDecember 19 - 21, 20133 days205 km/h (125 mph)935 hPa (27.61 inHg)RodriguesNoneNone[133]
BejisaDecember 30 – 31, 20131 day175 km/h (110 mph)950 hPa (28.05 inHg)Seychelles, Réunion, Mauritius1$89.2 million[134]
ColinJanuary 11 – 12, 20141 day205 km/h (125 mph)915 hPa (27.02 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[135]
KateDecember 30, 20146 hours165 km/h (105 mph)950 hPa (28.05 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[136]
UriahFebruary 17 – 18, 201618 hours205 km/h (125 mph)925 hPa (27.32 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[137]
EmeraudeMarch 17, 201618 hours205 km/h (125 mph)940 hPa (27.76 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[138]
EnawoMarch 6 – 7, 20171 day205 km/h (125 mph)932 hPa (27.52 inHg)Madagascar, Réunion96$50 million[139]
BerguittaJanuary 15, 201818 hours165 km/h (105 mph)940 hPa (27.76 inHg)Mauritius, Réunion1$26.5 million[140][141][142][143][144]
CebileJanuary 29 – February 2, 20182 days 12 hours185 km/h (115 mph)944 hPa (27.88 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[140]
DumazileMarch 5, 20186 hours165 km/h (105 mph)945 hPa (27.91 inHg)Madagascar, Réunion0Unknown[145][146]
AlcideNovember 8, 20186 hours165 km/h (105 mph)965 hPa (28.50 inHg)Madagascar0None[147]
KenangaDecember 19, 20181 day185 km/h (115 mph)942 hPa (27.82 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[148]
CilidaDecember 20 – 22, 20181 day 18 hours215 km/h (130 mph)940 hPa (27.76 inHg)Mauritius0Minimal[149][150][151]
FunaniFebruary 7 – 8, 20191 day195 km/h (120 mph)940 hPa (27.76 inHg)Rodrigues0Minimal[152]
GelenaFebruary 9 – 10, 20191 day 12 hours205 km/h (125 mph)942 hPa (27.82 inHg)Madagascar, Mauritius, Rodrigues0$1 million[153][154]
HalehMarch 4 – 5, 201918 hours175 km/h (110 mph)945 hPa (27.91 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[155]
IdaiMarch 11, 201918 hours195 km/h (120 mph)940 hPa (27.76 inHg)Mozambique, Malawi
Madagascar, Zimbabwe		1303$2.2 billion[156][157][158]
JoanhinaMarch 25 – 28, 20193 days 6 hours185 km/h (115 mph)939 hPa (27.73 inHg)Rodrigues0$10.5 million[159][160]
KennethApril 25, 201918 hours215 km/h (125 mph)934 hPa (27.58 inHg)Seychelles, Madagascar, Comoros, Mozambique, Tanzania, Malawi52$100 million[161]
HeroldMarch 17, 20206 hours175 km/h (110 mph)957 hPa (28.26 inHg)Madagascar, Mascarene Islands5Unknown[162][163][164]
IrondroApril 4, 20206 hours165 km/h (105 mph)945 hPa (27.91 inHg)No land areasNoneNone[165]

Other systems

In addition to the systems listed above the Mauritius Meteorological Service classifies tropical cyclones in March 1931, January 1945, February 1945, January and February 1946, April 1958 as intense tropical cyclones.[166] It also classifies Alix of 1960, Carol of 1960, Beryl of 1961, Jenny of 1962, Danielle of 1964, Louise of 1970, Gervaise of 1975, Fleur of 1978, Hyacinthe of 1980, Jacinthe of 1980, Laure of 1980, Florine of 1981, and Hollanda of 1994 as intense tropical cyclones.[166]

Systems classified as an ITC per the BOM
  • Cyclone Jane-Irna 1992 - 110 kts.[167]

Savannah 2019 weakened into a tropical cyclone as it moved into the basin from the Australian region.[168]

Climatology
Intense tropical cyclones by month
Month Number of storms
January
16
February
19
March
21
April
10
May
0
June
0
July
0
August
0
September
0
October
1
November
9
December
10
Intense tropical cyclones by decade
Decade Number of storms
1970s
5
1980s
8
1990s
18
2000s
31
2010s
25
2020s
2

See also

References
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