List of birds of the Chatham Islands

In this list of Birds of the Chatham Islands. In 1995, Chatham Islands County was dissolved and reconstituted by a specific Act of Parliament as the "Chatham Islands Territory", with powers similar to those of territorial authorities and some functions similar to those of a regional council.[1] They form an archipelago in the Pacific Ocean about 650 kilometres (400 mi) east of mainland New Zealand.

See also: List of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic birds and Endemic birds of New Zealand

This list's taxonomic treatment and nomenclature (common and scientific names) mainly follows the conventions of The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World, 2016 edition.[2] Some supplemental referencing is that of the Avibase Bird Checklists of the World [3] as of January 2017.

The species and subspecies marked extinct became extinct subsequent to humans' arrival in the Chatham Islands. About two thirds of the extinctions occurred after the arrival of Māori but before the arrival of Pākehā and the rest since Pākehā arrived.

Unless otherwise noted, all species listed below are considered to occur regularly in the Chatham Islands as permanent residents, summer or winter visitors, or migrants. The following codes are used to denote other categories of species:

  • (B) Nesting - confirmed nesting record(s) within the Chatham Islands
  • (I) Introduced - a species introduced to New Zealand by the actions of humans, either directly or indirectly
  • (E) Extinct - a recent species that no longer exists
  • (V) Vagrant - birds considered to be accidental visitors, with few modern records

The Checklist of the birds of New Zealand, published in 2010 by Te Papa Press, in association with the Ornithological Society of New Zealand, is an authoritative list of Chatham Island birds.

Penguins

Order: Sphenisciformes   Family: Spheniscidae

Penguins are a group of aquatic, flightless birds living almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere, especially in Antarctica.

Fulmars, petrels and shearwaters

Order: Procellariiformes   Family: Procellariidae

The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized "true petrels", characterised by united nostrils with medium nasal septum, and a long outer functional primary flight feather.

Austral storm petrels

Order: Procellariiformes   Family: Oceanitidae

The austral storm petrels are the smallest seabirds, relatives of the petrels, feeding on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. Their flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like.

Northern storm petrels

Order: Procellariiformes   Family: Hydrobatidae

Albatrosses (or toroa)

Order: Procellariiformes   Family: Diomedeidae

The albatrosses are a family of large seabird found across the Southern and North Pacific Oceans. The largest are among the largest flying birds in the world.

Frigatebirds

Order: Suliformes   Family: Fregatidae

Boobies and gannets

Order: Suliformes   Family: Sulidae

The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups are medium-large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish.

  • Takapu or Australasian gannet, Morus serrator - vagrant

Cormorants

Order: Suliformes   Family: Phalacrocoracidae

Cormorants are medium-to-large aquatic birds, usually with mainly dark plumage and areas of coloured skin on the face. The bill is long, thin and sharply hooked. Their feet are four-toed and webbed, a distinguishing feature among the order Pelecaniformes.

  • Kawaupaka or little pied cormorant, Microcarbo melanoleucos - vagrant
  • Kawau or great cormorant, Phalacrocorax carbo
  • Chatham shag, Phalacrocorax onslowi - critically endangered
  • Pitt shag, Phalacrocorax featherstoni - endangered

Herons, egrets, and bitterns

Order: Pelecaniformes   Family: Ardeidae

Ibises and spoonbills

Order: Pelecaniformes   Family: Threskiornithidae

Ducks, geese and swans

Order: Anseriformes   Family: Anatidae

The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These are adapted for an aquatic existence, with webbed feet, bills that are flattened to a greater or lesser extent, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to special oils.

Rails, gallinules, and coots

Order: Gruiformes   Family: Rallidae

New World quail

Order: Galliformes   Family: Odontophoridae

Oystercatchers

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Haematopodidae

Plovers and lapwings

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Charadriidae

Waders or shorebirds

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Scolopacidae

Gulls and terns

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Laridae

Skuas

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Stercorariidae or hakoakoa

Pigeons and doves

Order: Columbiformes   Family: Columbidae

Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere.

Hawks, kites and eagles

Order: Accipitriformes   Family: Accipitridae

  • Kahu or swamp harrier, Circus approximans

Falcons

Order: Falconiformes   Family: Falconidae

  • Kārearea or New Zealand falcon, Falco novaeseelandiae - extirpated

True owls

Order: Strigiformes   Family: Strigidae

  • Ruru or morepork, Ninox novaeseelandiae

Swifts

Order: Caprimulgiformes   Family: Apodidae

Swifts are small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings which resemble a crescent or boomerang.

Cuckoos

Order: Cuculiformes   Family: Cuculidae

  • Koekoea or long-tailed cuckoo, Eudynamys taitensis
  • Pipiwharauroa or shining cuckoo, Chrysococcyx lucidus

Old world parrots

Order: Psittaciformes   Family: Psittaculidae

New Zealand parrots

Order: Psittaciformes   Family: Strigopidae

Kingfishers

Order: Coraciiformes   Family: Alcedinidae

  • Kōtare or sacred kingfisher, Todiramphus sacra - vagrant

Crows and ravens

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Corvidae

Wagtails and pipits

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Motacillidae

  • Pīhoihoi or Australasian pipit, Anthus novaeseelandiae

Grassbirds

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Locustellidae

Australasian robins

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Petroicidae

Australasian warblers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Acanthizidae

Honeyeaters

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Meliphagidae

  • Tui or parson bird, Prosthemadera novaeseelandiae
  • Chatham bellbird, Anthornis melanocephala - extinct

Fantails

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Rhipiduridae

White-eyes

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Zosteropidae

  • Tauhou, silvereye, or wax-eye Zosterops lateralis

Starlings

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Sturnidae

Old World buntings

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Emberizidae

Finches and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Fringillidae

Old World sparrows

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Passeridae

Accentors

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Prunellidae

  • Dunnock, Prunella modularis - introduced

Thrushes and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Turdidae

Swallows

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Hirundinidae

Larks

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Alaudidae

See also

References
  • Barrie Heather & Hugh Robertson (1996) The Field Guide to the Birds of New Zealand ISBN 0-670-86911-2
  • "Splitting headaches? Recent taxonomic changes affecting the British and Western Palaearctic lists" - Martin Collinson, British Birds vol 99 (June 2006), 306-323
  1. Chatham Islands Council Act 1995 Archived 2012-07-12 at Archive.today, Parliament of New Zealand, 1995, Statute No 041, Commenced: 1 November 1995, retrieved 4 February 2008.
  2. Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2016. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2016. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/ retrieved 11 August 2016
  3. Lepage, Denis (1 January 2017). "Checklist of birds of the Chatham Islands". Avibase. Retrieved 1 January 2017.
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