List of equipment of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force

The following is a list of equipment currently in service with the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force.

Japan Ground Self-Defense Force
陸上自衛隊 (Rikujō Jieitai)


Command
Ground Staff Office
Components
Northern Army
North Eastern Army
Eastern Army
Central Army
Western Army
Central Readiness Force
JGSDF Reserve
JGSDF Reserve Candidate

Uniforms

Camouflage patterns
Name Used by Notes Period used
Type I Camouflage 1st Airborne Brigade, JGSDF Air Defense Artillery Groups Also known as "Old Camo" or "Airborne Camo", it is the first camo scheme adopted by Japan after World War II. It is based on Hokkaido's wilderness (effective in Sasa veitchii field). The shades become distinguishable after wash, and the pattern itself doesn't match to the environment in mainland Japan, leading to the introduction of Type II camouflage. 1970s–1990s (still in limited use in 2014)

Type II camouflage		 Currently used by the JGSDF, the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force, Japan National Defense Academy cadets, and JASDF Air Rescue Wings Pararescuemen. Second domestically designed pattern. Made from 50% cotton/50% vinylon or 70% vinylon/30% cotton. The earlier model had anti-IR/flame-resistant fabric, but the latter lacks the feature. 1991–present

Type II brown-dominant winter pattern		 JGSDF Darker contrast on Type II Flecktarn camo to fit the color of winter plants. Used on JGSDF Type-2 Camouflage Cold Weather Field Parka and Trousers(防寒戦闘服外衣, 戦闘外被, or shortly 外被). 1991–present

Type III camouflage		 Recently adopted by the JGSDF Modified from ''Type II'' pattern with a 50% cotton/50% vinylon or 70% vinylon/30% cotton fabric (depending on the year of contract/manufacturer) and other changes including a change in the front closure, a mandarin collar, Velcro cuffs and pocket lids, wider pen pockets, a loop inside the right chest pocket for ID card chain, two calf storage pockets, and knee pads in the trousers. The back pocket on the trousers has been eliminated. The belt (made from the same fabric) comes with a name tag, unlike the former Type II Combat Uniform/Type II Camouflaged Work Uniform. The Type III Combat Uniform/Type III Camouflaged Work Uniform（戦闘服3型・迷彩作業服3型, or shortly 戦闘服）has the same pattern as the Type II camouflage. Each soldier receives two sets of the Type III Work Uniform after enlisting, and after the boot camp each soldier receives two sets of Type III Combat Uniform, Airborne Uniform or Tank Uniform, depending on where the soldier belongs to. The Combat Uniform and Camouflaged Work Uniform are identical to each other, except for the product tag. Commercial version of the item (100% polyester version, cotton/poli version etc.) is no longer authorized to be used, including the vinylon/cotton fabric version. The use of commercial combat cap in vinylon/cotton fabric is authorized. The commercial versions have slightly different shades. 2007–present

JGSDF Desert camouflage		 JGSDF International Peace Cooperation Activities Training Unit, JGSDF Central Readiness Force Adopted by the JGSDF for Middle Eastern deployments. This camo is a desert version of the JGSDF's flecktarn pattern. The first unit using this particular camouflage was the Central Readiness Force during the 4th DAPE (Deployment Air Force for Counter-Piracy Operation) in the Gulf of Aden. June 2010–present

(See also List of military clothing camouflage patterns [Asia A-M])

Other equipment
Name Description Image
Type 66 helmet Largely replaced by the Type 88 helmet. Like the American M1 helmet upon which it was based, it is made of iron alloy.
Type 88 Helmet Japanese version of Kevlar PASGT helmet, replacing Type 66 helmet.
Combat Underwear Type 2 Khaki flame-resistant T-shirt, mainly used for ceremonial purposes.
Combat Loading Set Miscellaneous clothing.
Cold-Weather Combat Uniform Inner (Under) A long-sleeved shirt and matching pants, made from thin synthetic fabric.
Cold-Weather Combat Uniform Inner (Outer) Acryl sweater and matching pants, comes with a buttoned collar which is worn folded.
Work Jacket Issued as personal item. Intended to be used in cold seasons over the work uniform. Consists of two chest pockets and two lower pockets (with flaps without closures).
Combat Rainwear Issued as a personal item.
Combat Boots Type 2 Jungle boots with kevlar-like lining, the same model issued as a personal item is called "半長靴3型 (Boots Type 3)"
Cold-Weather Boots Compatible with military issue cross-country skis
Combat Bullet-Proof Vest Stored as a weapon, instead of a personal belonging, introduced in 1992. Comes with ammo pouches. In some units, the Type 2 bullet-proof vest and/or Type 3 bullet-proof vest are issued .
Name tags Unlike the rank/skill insignias (in a green shade of the current camo), usually the name tags are in the olive drab of the Type 65 Work Uniform. Since the army regulation doesn't mention the name tags, each unit has its own regulation for the tags. Therefore, the layout, length, font, letters (Japanese or Latin alphabet), placement, method of attachment (either sewing or using velcro) etc. vary. Some troops do not use name tags for winter jackets.
Tracksuits and running shoes Recruits are required to buy their own tracksuits and a pair of running shoes upon enlistment. Called the "ジャー戦 (Jaasen, literally jersey and combat uniform)", it is composed of a combat jacket, combat cap, trackpants and sneakers. This uniform code is often used in boot camp for jogging, eating in canteen or bathing.
部隊識別帽 (Baseball Cap) Many troops use baseball caps with the troop's logo instead of the issued combat cap. Since it is unofficially introduced, it is not provided by the Force. There are no standards for the cap, although, in many cases the cap has the soldier's family name on top of the left ear.
CAB Clothing Coolnice 2 Pack OD T-shirts Issued to some troops during the 2011 Tohoku campaigns.
Carabiner May be purchased individually, to attach it to the either right or left waist tab on the combat uniform to hang gloves or combat cap.
Shoulder pouch May be purchased individually, since the combat uniform doesn't have shoulder pockets. There are various commercial versions. Some troops use the velcro version to attach unit patches, insignias etc..

    Rations

    See also: Field Ration – Asia

    Infantry weapons
    Name Type Caliber Origin Notes Image
    Standard issue
    H&K SFP9-M Semi-automatic pistol 9×19mm Parabellum  Germany Replacement for the SIG P220 beginning in 2020. 323 pistols have been purchased.[2]
    SIG Sauer P220 Semi-automatic pistol 9×19mm Parabellum   Switzerland Made under license by Minebea, designated the Minebea P9. Used with a leather holster or Safariland leg holster. Standard issue as of 1982.[3]
    Minebea 9mm Machine Pistol Submachine gun 9×19mm Parabellum  Japan Made by Minebea. Introduced in 1999, it is the only domestically produced submachine gun of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force. It is derived from the Uzi.[4]
    Howa Type 20 Assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO  Japan Replacement for the Type 89, beginning in 2020. A total of 3,283 rifles have been purchased.[5]
    Howa Type 89 Assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO  Japan Service rifle, entered service in 1989. Derived from the ArmaLite AR-18.[6]
    Sumitomo MINIMI 5.56mm Machine Gun Squad automatic weapon 5.56×45mm NATO  Belgium Made under license by Sumitomo, standard squad-level machine gun. Unique to the Sumitomo Minimi, the barrel has a heat shield.[7]
    NTK/Sumitomo Type 62 machine gun General purpose machine gun 7.62×51mm NATO  Japan Made by Sumitomo. It has been largely superseded by the Minimi, but it is still used for infantry support as a medium machine gun, and in certain vehicle-mounted roles.[8]
    NTK/Sumitomo Type 74 In-vehicle machine gun In-vehicle machine gun 7.62×51mm NATO  Japan Fixed-mount variant of the Type 62 used specifically for armoured fighting vehicles.[9]
    Sumitomo M2 12.7mm Heavy Machine Gun[10] Heavy machine gun .50 BMG (12.7x99mm)  United States Copy of the M2 Browning made under license by Sumitomo.
    M24 Sniper Rifle Sniper rifle 7.62×51mm NATO  United States Made by Remington Arms. Introduced to the JSDF in 2002, it is used by snipers,[11] the 1st Airborne Brigade[12] and Special Forces Group.[13]
    Howa Type 96 40mm Automatic Grenade Launcher Automatic grenade launcher 40x46mm  Japan First entered service in 1996. It is a blow forward weapon, and used in both infantry and vehicle roles.[14]
    Type 06 rifle grenade Rifle grenade –  Japan Made by Daikin in 2006. A HEAT rifle grenade that can be attached to either the Howa Type 64 or Type 89.[15]
    M67 series fragmentation grenade[16] Hand grenade –  United States
    M18 Claymore mine Directional fragmentation anti-personnel mine –  United States Can be detonated either by tripwire or remote control.[17]
    Howa 84RR Recoilless rifle 84x246mm  Sweden Made under license by Howa, designated the 84 mm Recoilless Rifle.[18]
    Nissan/IHI Aerospace 110mm LAM Disposable anti-tank rocket launcher 110mm  Germany Made under license by Nissan/IHI IHI Aerospace.[19]
    Special forces
    H&K USP Semi-automatic pistol 9×19mm Parabellum  Germany Only Japanese Special Forces Group.[20]
    H&K MP7 Personal defense weapon HK 4.6×30mm  Germany Only Japanese Special Forces Group.[21]
    M4 carbine Assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO  United States Only Japanese Special Forces Group.[22]
    FN SCAR Assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO  Belgium Only Japanese Special Forces Group.[23]
    Heckler & Koch G36[24] Assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO  Germany Only Japanese Special Forces Group[25]
    Heckler & Koch HK416 Assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO  Germany
    HK417[26] Battle rifle 7.62×51mm NATO  Germany
    M203 grenade launcher[27] Underbarrel grenade launcher 40x46mm  United States
    M72 LAW (Light Anti-Tank Weapon)[28] Disposable anti-tank rocket launcher 66mm  United States
    M32A1 Multiple Grenade Launcher[29] Rotary grenade launcher 40x46mm  South Africa
    Mortars
    Type 96 Heavy mortar (RT 120mm Mortar) Heavy mortar 120mm  France Built under license with the ordnance by Howa. Total of 462 purchased from 1990-2017.[30]
    L16 81mm Mortar Mortar 81mm  United Kingdom Built under license with the ordnance by Howa.[31]
    Hirtenberger M6C-210

    (60mm mortar)

    		 Light mortar 60mm  Austria
    Howitzer
    FH-70 Towed Howitzer Howitzer 155 mm  United Kingdom
     Germany
     Italy    		 Built under license with the ordnance by Japan Steel Works. Total of 480 built as of 2008.[32]

    Missiles
    Name Type Caliber Origin Image
    Type 01 Light Anti-Tank Missile[33] Anti-tank guided missile 140mm  Japan
    Type 79 Anti-Landing craft and Anti-Tank Missile[34] Heavy anti-tank/landing-craft guided missile 153mm  Japan
    Type 87 Anti-Tank Missile[35] Laser guided anti-tank missile 110mm  Japan
    Type 88 Surface-to-Ship Missile[36] Anti-ship missile 350mm  Japan
    Type 12 Surface-to-Ship Missile[37] Anti-ship missile 350mm  Japan
    Type 96 Multi-Purpose Missile System[38] Anti-tank/landing-craft missile 160mm  Japan
    Middle range Multi Purpose Missile System (Chū-MPMS) Anti-tank/landing-craft missile 140cm  Japan
    Improved-HAWK Surface-to-air missile 370mm  United States
    FIM-92A Stinger[39] Man-portable air-defense system 70mm  United States
    Type 81 Short-Range Surface-to-Air Missile Surface-to-air missile 160mm  Japan
    Type 91 Portable Surface-to-Air Missile Man portable surface-to-air missile 80mm  Japan
    Type 93 Short-Range Surface-to-Air Missile Surface-to-air missile 80mm  Japan
    Type 03 Medium-Range Surface-to-Air Missile Surface-to-air missile 320mm  Japan
    Type 11 Short-Range Surface-to-Air Missile Surface-to-air missile 160mm  Japan

      Vehicles
      Name Type Quantity Notes Image
      Armoured vehicles
      Type 10 Main battle tank 103 Built by Mitsubishi, current MBT in Japanese service.
      Type 90 Main battle tank 341 Built by Mitsubishi until 2009. Replaced by the Type 10.
      Type 74 Main battle tank 560 Built by Mitsubishi until 1988. Replaced by the Type 90.
      Mitsubishi Type 89 IFV Infantry fighting vehicle 68
      Type 73 Armored Personnel Carrier Armoured personnel carrier 338 Built by Mitsubishi
      Type 96 Wheeled Armored Personnel Carrier[40] Armoured personnel carrier 365 built by Komatsu
      Type 16 Wheeled tank destroyer 69 (30 on order) Built by Mitsubishi
      Type 82 Command and Communication Vehicle[41] Command and communication vehicle 231 Built by Komatsu. Similar in role to the American M1130 Commander's Vehicle.
      Type 87 ARV Reconnaissance vehicle 111 built by Komatsu
      Chemical Reconnaissance Vehicle Chemical reconnaissance vehicle 47 Built by Komatsu
      NBC Reconnaissance Vehicle Chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear reconnaissance vehicle 17 (33 on order) Built by Komatsu
      Komatsu LAV Armored car 1818 Built until 2019.
      Bushmaster Protected Mobility Vehicle Infantry mobility vehicle 8[42] Built by Thales Australia
      Type 92 Mine Clearance Vehicle Mine clearance vehicle – equipped with a mine-clearing line charge system Built by Nissan Motor Aerospace division (pre-2000)/IHI Aerospace Co., Ltd./Hitachi
      Assault Amphibious Vehicle (AAV7A1 RAM/RS) Armoured personnel carrier 58 Imported from BAE Systems.
      Artillery
      M270 MLRS Multiple rocket launcher 99 Built under license with the ordnance by IHI AEROSPACE
      Type 99 Artillery Support Vehicle Ammunition resupply vehicle Built by Hitachi
      Type 87 Artillery Support Vehicle Ammunition resupply vehicle Built by Hitachi
      Type 19 155 mm Wheeled Self-propelled Howitzer Self-propelled artillery 7+5 prototype Built by Mitsubishi/Japan Steel Works
      Type 99 155 mm Self-propelled Howitzer Self-propelled artillery 111 Built by Mitsubishi/Japan Steel Works
      M110 Self-propelled Howitzer Self-propelled artillery 91 Built under license with the ordnance by Japan Steel Works and Komatsu
      Type 96 120 mm Self-propelled Mortar Self-propelled mortar 24 Nicknamed the Gottohanma (God hammer). Built by Hitachi/Howa[43]
      Type 87 self-propelled anti-aircraft gun Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun 52 Built by Mitsubishi
      Armoured recovery/engineering vehicle
      Type 11 Armoured Recovery Vehicle Armoured recovery vehicle 2 Built by Mitsubishi
      Type 90 Armoured Recovery Vehicle Armoured recovery vehicle ≈30 Built by Mitsubishi
      Type 78 Armoured Recovery Vehicle Armoured recovery vehicle ≈50 Built by Mitsubishi
      Type 91 Armoured Vehicle-launched Bridge Armoured vehicle-launched bridge 22 Built by Mitsubishi
      Miscellaneous
      Hitachi Type 73 Artillery tractor Built by Hitachi
      Mitsubishi Type 73 Light Truck Off-road vehicle Built by Mitsubishi. Production ceased in 1997.
      Toyota Type 73 Medium Truck Four-wheel drive truck Built by Toyota. Used specifically for transport purposes.
      Isuzu Type 73 Heavy Truck Heavy truck Built by Isuzu.
      Toyota High Mobility Vehicle Four-wheel drive sport utility vehicle 3,000 Built by Toyota. Production ceased in 2001.
      Honda XL250 Reconnaissance motorcycle Built by Honda. Production ceased in 1992.

        Aircraft

        The JGSDF operates 497 fixed-wing and rotary aircraft as of 2014.[44]

        Name Role Type Number[44] Notes Photo
        Fixed-wing aircraft
        Bell Boeing V-22 Osprey V/STOL military transport aircraft CV-22B 17 on order[45]
        Beechcraft Super King Air Utility and liaison LR-2 7 One lost on 15 May 2017.[46]
        Mitsubishi MU-2 Utility and liaison LR-1 2
        Helicopters
        Boeing AH-64 Apache Attack helicopter AH-64DJP 12 13 built by Fuji. One crashed on 5 February 2018.[47]
        Bell AH-1 Cobra Attack helicopter AH-1S 88 Built by Fuji.
        Kawasaki OH-1 Scout helicopter OH-1 38 Up to 112 on order. Replacing the OH-6D fleet.
        OH-6D Scout helicopter OH-6D 106 Built by Kawasaki. Being slowly replaced by the Kawasaki OH-1.
        Boeing CH-47 Chinook Transport helicopter CH-47J
        CH-47JA        		 58 Built by Kawasaki
        UH-60 Black Hawk Transport helicopter UH-60JA 34 Most built by Mitsubishi
        Bell UH-1 Utility helicopter UH-1H
        UH-1J        		 153 Built by Fuji. To be replaced by a version of the Bell 412 EPI.[48][49][50][51]
        Enstrom 480 Trainer helicopter TH-480B 12 8 on order.
        Eurocopter EC 225 VIP helicopter EC 225LP 3 Replacing the AS332L[52][53]
        UAVs
        Fuji FFOS and Fuji FFRS Recon unmanned aerial vehicle Small helicopter unmanned aerial vehicle. Primarily used as a forward reconnaissance platform for field artillery.[54][55]
        Boeing Insitu ScanEagle Recon unmanned aerial vehicle 1 Delivered by Insitu Pacific[56]
        Yamaha R-MAX Recon unmanned aerial vehicle Small helicopter unmanned aerial vehicle[57]
        Honeywell RQ-16 T-Hawk Surveillance unmanned aerial vehicle Apparently in service in some numbers with the Central Readiness Force. Used primarily for hazardous area reconnaissance (e.g. radiation survey).

        Historic, retired or reserve equipment

        Small arms
        Name Type Caliber Origin Notes Image
        Howa Type 64 Battle rifle 7.62×51mm NATO  Japan Standard issue until it was replaced by the Howa Type 89 in 1989. It was also used as a sniper rifle, until it was replaced by the M24 in 2002.[58]
        M1 Garand[59] Battle rifle .30-06 Springfield  United States Standard issue until it was replaced by the Type 64 in 1964.
        M1 carbine Carbine .30 Carbine  United States Acquired through the Military Assistance Program.[60]
        M1A1 Thompson Submachine gun .45 ACP  United States Used in the GSDF until the 1970s
        M3 submachine gun Submachine gun .45 ACP  United States Still used in limited numbers by vehicle crews.[61]
        M1903 Springfield Bolt-action rifle .30-06 Springfield  United States
        M1918 Browning Automatic Rifle Light machine gun .30-06 Springfield  United States
        M1919 Browning machine gun Medium machine gun .30-06 Springfield  United States
        M2 flamethrower Flamethrower Napalm/gasoline tanks  United States
        New Nambu M66 Submachine gun 9×19mm Parabellum Prototype only
        M1911 pistol Pistol .45 ACP  United States
        Colt Detective Special Revolver .38 Special  United States
        Mk 2 grenade Grenade -  United States Ex-US Army stock
        M26 grenade Grenade -  United States Ex-US Army stock
        MK3 grenade Grenade -  United States Ex-US Army stock
        M31 HEAT rifle grenade Rifle grenade 66mm  United States Used on the Howa Type 64 and M1 Garand.

          Personal equipment
          Name Type Notes Image
          U.S. Army M-1943 Uniform Uniform Japanese produced variants of 1950 & 1951 patterns
          M-1956 Load-Carrying Equipment Uniform Japanese-produced
          All-purpose Lightweight Individual Carrying Equipment Uniform Japanese-produced
          M1 and M1905E1 bayonets Bayonet Japanese-produced
          M4 bayonet Bayonet Japanese-produced
          M5 bayonet Bayonet Japanese-produced
          C-rations Rations
          D-rations/Tropical Bars Rations
          M-1942 mess kit Mess kit
          T-10 parachute Parachute Produced under licence by Fuji Sangyo Co. Ltd. (Fujikura Parachute)
          G-11 Cargo Parachute Parachute Produced under licence by Fujikura Parachute
          G-12 Cargo Parachute Parachute Produced under licence by Fuji Sangyo Co. Ltd.

            Vehicles
            Name Type Origin Image
            M4 Sherman Medium tank  United States
            M24 Chaffee Light tank  United States
            M41 Walker Bulldog Light tank  United States
            Type 61 Main battle tank  Japan
            Type 60 Armoured Personnel Carrier[62][63] Armoured personnel carrier  Japan
            Toyota FQ-15[64] Truck  Japan
            Type 60 106 mm Self-propelled Recoilless gun Tank destroyer  Japan
            Type 60 81 mm Self-propelled mortar Self propelled mortar  Japan
            Type 60 107 mm Self-propelled mortar Self propelled mortar  Japan
            Type 74 105 mm Self-propelled howitzer Self-propelled howitzer  Japan
            Type 75 130 mm Multiple Surface-to-Surface Rocket Multiple rocket launcher  Japan
            Type 99 155 mm self-propelled howitzer Self-propelled howitzer  Japan
            M19 Gun Motor Carriage SPAA Self-propelled anti-aircraft weapon  United States
            M42 40 mm Self-Propelled Anti-Aircraft Gun Self-propelled anti-aircraft weapon  United States

              Artillery
              Name Type Caliber Origin Image
              Type 64 Anti-Tank Missile MCLOS wire-guided anti-tank missile 120mm  Japan
              M51 75 mm Anti-Aircraft Gun Anti-aircraft gun 75mm  United States
              L-90 35mm Anti-Aircraft Twin Cannon Autocannon 35mm   Switzerland
              Bofors 40 mm gun Autocannon 40mm  Sweden

                Aircraft
                Name Type Origin Image
                Kawasaki KAQ-1 Target drone  Japan
                Kawasaki KAT-1 Trainer aircraft  Japan
                Beechcraft/Fuji T-34 Mentor (Model B45) Trainer aircraft  United States
                Fuji LM-1 Nikko[65] Military communications aircraft  Japan
                Fuji TL-1 Trainer aircraft  Japan
                Mitsubishi (Sikorsky) H-19C Utility helicopter  United States

                Built on license
                Kawasaki (Hughes) TH-55J Utility and trainer helicopter  United States

                Built on license
                Kawasaki KH-4 Utility helicopter  Japan
                Kawasaki Heavy Industries (Hughes) OH-6 Light Observation Helicopter  United States

                Built on license

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