List of former Philippines presidents who pursued public office

This is a complete list of former presidents of the Philippines who pursued public office after their presidential terms ended.

Since the adoption of the 1987 Constitution, a former president may not run for the office unless s/he has served more than 4 years; the previous 1973 constitution provided no limit while the 1935 constitution provided only one reelection. The term limit has prevented any incumbent president to run again for office; one exception was Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, who has served for 3 and a half years prior to her election in 2004.

For Executive posts

Presidency

This list only includes former Presidents (those who are not in position anymore and seeking for a comeback) who ran again for President.

PresidentPrevious termYear of election
(non-consecutive)		Result
Emilio Aguinaldo1899–19011935Lost
José P. Laurel1943–19451949Lost
Joseph Estrada1998–20012010Lost

Local government

List of Presidents who run in a local executive position

PresidentTermPositionLocalityYear of electionResult
Joseph Estrada1998–2001MayorManila2013Won
2016Won
2019Lost

For Legislative posts

Senate

List of Presidents who run as a lawmaker at the Senate after the presidency:

PresidentTermYear of electionResult
José P. Laurel1943–19451951Won

House of Representatives

List of Presidents who run as a lawmaker at the House of Representatives after the presidency:

PresidentTermConstituencyYear of electionResult
ProvinceDistrict
Gloria Macapagal–Arroyo2001–2010Pampanga2nd2010Won
2013Won
2016Won
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