Philippine presidential line of succession

The Philippine presidential line of succession defines who becomes or acts as President of the Philippines upon the incapacity, death, resignation, or removal from office (by impeachment and subsequent disqualification) of a sitting president or a president-elect.

Current Order

The current line of succession to the office of President of the Philippines is specified by the 1987 Constitution. During the Marcos era, the line of succession would be amended to include newly created cabinet or ministerial offices. The line of presidential succession follows the order of Vice President, President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives. In case of death, permanent disability, or inability of these officials, Congress shall, by law, provide for the manner of selection of the person who is to act as president until a President or Vice President shall have qualified and the line of succession will change of who those new national officials are.

Rodrigo Duterte takes the oath of office as the 16th President of the Philippines at the Malacañang Palace on June 30, 2016. Leni Robredo had taken her own oath of office as vice president hours earlier at a separate venue, securing the presidential line of succession.

Current line of succession

# Office Current officer Party
1 Vice President of the Philippines Leni Robredo Liberal
2 President of the Senate of the Philippines Vicente Sotto III NPC
3 Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines Lord Allan Jay Velasco PDP–Laban

At the start of the term

  • If a President was elected but failed to qualify - the Vice President who was elected will act as president until the President qualifies.
  • If there was no President elected - the Vice-President who was elected will act as president until a President is elected and qualifies.
  • If at the beginning of the term of the President, the President-elect dies or has become permanently disabled - the Vice President who was elected becomes President.
  • If neither President and Vice-President had been chosen or had qualified, or if both had died or had become permanently disabled - the Senate President or, in case of his inability, the Speaker of the House, will act as president until a President or a vice-president is chosen and qualifies[1]

During the term

In 1944, following the death of Manuel L. Quezon, Sergio Osmeña became the first vice president to succeed to the presidency.
  • If the President dies, becomes permanently disabled, is removed from office, or resigns - the Vice-President becomes the President and serves the unexpired term.
  • If both the President and the Vice President die, become permanently disabled, are removed from office, or resign - the President of the Senate or, in case of his inability, the Speaker of the House of Representatives, will act as president until a President or Vice-President is elected and qualifies.
  • If the Acting President dies, becomes permanently disabled, is removed from office, or resigns, Congress shall, by law, provide who shall serve as president. He shall serve until the President or the Vice-President shall have been elected and qualified, and be subject to the same restrictions of powers and disqualifications as the Acting President.[1]

The line of succession in practice

References

  1. www.Batasan.org 1987 Constitution of the Philippines (accessed November 19, 2007).
  2. Molina, Antonio. The Philippines: Through the centuries. Manila: University of Sto. Tomas Cooperative, 1961. Print.
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