List of mammals of Brazil

Brazil has the largest mammal diversity in the world, with more than 600 described species and more likely to be discovered. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature, 66 of these species are endangered, and 40% of the threatened taxa belong to the primate group.

658 species are listed.[1]

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:

EXExtinctNo reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.
EWExtinct in the wildKnown only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range.
CRCritically endangeredThe species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild.
ENEndangeredThe species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
VUVulnerableThe species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
NTNear threatenedThe species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future.
LCLeast concernThere are no current identifiable risks to the species.
DDData deficientThere is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.

Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories:

LR/cdLower risk/conservation dependentSpecies which were the focus of conservation programmes and may have moved into a higher risk category if that programme was discontinued.
LR/ntLower risk/near threatenedSpecies which are close to being classified as vulnerable but are not the subject of conservation programmes.
LR/lcLower risk/least concernSpecies for which there are no identifiable risks.

Infraclass: Metatheria

Order: Didelphimorphia
Bare-tailed woolly opossum
White-eared opossum
Gray four-eyed opossum
Tate's woolly mouse opossum
Gray slender opossum

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Pilosa
Hoffmann's two-toed sloth
Silky anteater
Giant anteater

Order: Cingulata
Six-banded armadillo
Southern three-banded armadillo

Order: Chiroptera
Hoary bat

Order: Primates
Goeldi's marmoset
White-headed marmoset
Golden lion tamarin
Tufted capuchin
Bald uakari
Brown woolly monkey
Black howler

Order: Carnivora
Maned wolf
Short-eared dog
Bush dog
Crab-eating fox

Canidae - dogs, foxes, wolves

Felidae - cats

Mustelidae - otters, weasels and allies
Eira barbara

Mephitidae - skunks

Otariidae - eared seals

Phocidae - earless seals

Procyonidae - raccoons, coatis, olingos and allies
Crab-eating raccoon

Cetacea
Southern right whale breaching
Humpback whales in Abrolhos Islands
Eden's whale off Ilhabela, Sao Paulo
Spinner dolphins around Fernando de Noronha

Balaenidae - right whales

Balaenopteridae - rorquals

Delphinidae - dolphins

Phocoenidae - porpoises

Physeteridae

Iniidae - South American river dolphins
Amazon river dolphin

Pontoporiidae - La Plata dolphin

Ziphiidae - beaked whales

Sirenia
West Indian manatees in Peixe-boi Project, Paraíba

Trichechidae - manatees

Tapiridae - tapirs
Brazilian tapir

Suidae - pigs

Tayassuidae - peccaries
Collared peccary

Cervidae - deer
Marsh deer

Bovidae - Bubalus, antelopes, cattle, etc

Sciuridae - squirrels
Brazilian squirrel

Myocastoridae
Nutria

Muridae - Old World rats and allies

Cricetidae - New World rats and allies
Drymoreomys albimaculatus

Erethizontidae - New World porcupines

Dinomyidae

Caviidae - guinea pigs and cavies
Brazilian guinea pig
Rock cavy

Hydrochaeridae
Capybara

Dasyproctidae - agoutis and acouchis

Cuniculidae

Ctenomyidae - tuco-tucos

Echimyidae - spiny rats and allies

Leporidae - rabbits and hares
European hare

See also

References
  1. NatureServe
  2. Lucherini, M.; Eizirik, E.; de Oliveira, T.; Pereira, J.; Williams, R.S.R. (2016). "Leopardus colocolo". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T15309A97204446.
  3. Pereira, J.; Lucherini, M. & Trigo, T. (2015). "Leopardus geoffroyi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T15310A50657011.
  4. Paviolo, A.; Crawshaw, P.; Caso, A.; de Oliveira, T.; Lopez-Gonzalez, C.A.; Kelly, M.; De Angelo, C. & Payan, E. (2015). "Leopardus pardalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T11509A97212355.
  5. Payan, E. & de Oliveira, T. (2016). "Leopardus tigrinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T54012637A50653881.
  6. de Oliveira, T.; Paviolo, A.; Schipper, J.; Bianchi, R.; Payan, E. & Carvajal, S.V. (2015). "Leopardus wiedii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T11511A50654216.
  7. Caso, A.; de Oliveira, T. & Carvajal, S.V. (2015). "Herpailurus yagouaroundi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T9948A50653167.
  8. Nielsen, C.; Thompson, D.; Kelly, M. & Lopez-Gonzalez, C. A. (2015). "Puma concolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T18868A97216466.
  9. Quigley, H.; Foster, R.; Petracca, L.; Payan, E.; Salom, R. & Harmsen, B. (2017). "Panthera onca". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T15953A123791436.
  10. Cypriano-Souza, Ana Lúcia; De Meirelles, Ana Carolina Oliveira; Carvalho, Vitor Luz; Bonatto, Sandro Luis (2017). "Rare or cryptic? The first report of an Omura's whale (Balaenoptera omurai) in the South Atlantic Ocean". Marine Mammal Science. 33: 80–95. doi:10.1111/mms.12348.
  • Costa, L.P. et al. 2005. Mammal Conservation in Brazil. Conservation Biology 19 (3), pp. 672–679.
  • Moratelli, R., Dias, D. 2015. A new species of nectar-feeding bat, genus Lonchophylla, from the Caatinga of Brazil (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae). ZooKeys 514, pp. 73–91.
  • Nogueira, M.R. et al. 2014. Checklist of Brazilian bats, with comments on original records. Check List 10 (4), pp. 808–821.
  • Rocha, P.A. et al. 2015. First record of Salvin's big-eyed bat Chiroderma salvini Dobson, 1878 for Brazil. Mammalia (in press).
  • natureserve.org
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