List of titles and honours of Elizabeth II
Elizabeth II (born 21 April 1926) has held numerous titles and honours, both during and before her time as monarch of each of her Commonwealth realms. Each is listed below; where two dates are shown, the first indicates the date of receiving the title or award (the title as Princess Elizabeth of York being given as from her birth), and the second indicates the date of its loss or renunciation.
Royal titles and styles
Styles of Queen Elizabeth II | |
---|---|
Reference style | Her Majesty |
Spoken style | Your Majesty |
- 21 April 1926 – 11 December 1936: Her Royal Highness Princess Elizabeth of York
- 11 December 1936 – 20 November 1947: Her Royal Highness The Princess Elizabeth
- 20 November 1947 – 6 February 1952: Her Royal Highness The Princess Elizabeth, Duchess of Edinburgh
- Since 6 February 1952: Her Majesty The Queen
Upon Elizabeth's accession to the throne, she was asked by her Private Secretary what her regnal name would be, to which she responded, "My own, of course—what else?"[1] Until 1953, her official style was by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Queen, Defender of the Faith.[2] She was proclaimed as queen using that title in Canada and South Africa,[3][4] whereas, in Australia,[5] New Zealand, and the United Kingdom,[6] she was proclaimed as Queen Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God Queen of this Realm and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith.
A decision was reached by Elizabeth's prime ministers at the Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Conference of 1952, whereby the Queen would accord herself different styles and titles in each of her realms, reflecting that in each state she acted as monarch of that particular country,[7] regardless of her other roles. Canada's preferred format was: Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Canada and of Her other realms and territories, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith.[8] However, as Australia wished to have the United Kingdom mentioned in all the Queen's titles,[9] the resolution reached was a designation that included the United Kingdom as well as, for the first time, separate reference to the other Commonwealth realms. Thereafter, separate but parallel royal styles and titles acts were passed in each of the Commonwealth realms, granting Elizabeth a distinct but similarly constituted title in each state,[7] meaning that when Elizabeth was crowned in the same year, she held seven separate titles.
With further evolution of the Commonwealth since that time, Elizabeth now holds 16 different regnal titles, one for each of the current Commonwealth realms. In all realms other than Canada and Grenada, the reference to the United Kingdom has been removed; Australia doing so in 1973,[10] in contrast to the Australian government's position 20 years earlier. Traditionally, the Queen's titles are listed in the order in which the realms other than the United Kingdom (the original realm) first became Dominions—namely, Canada (1867), Australia (1901), and New Zealand (1907)—followed by the rest in the order in which the former colony became an independent realm: Jamaica (1962), Barbados (1966), The Bahamas (1973), Grenada (1974), Papua New Guinea (1975), the Solomon Islands (1978), Tuvalu (1978), Saint Lucia (1979), Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1979), Belize (1981), Antigua and Barbuda (1981) and Saint Kitts and Nevis (1983).
Though the situation was the same in every one of the Queen's realms beyond the United Kingdom, only within Scotland did the title Elizabeth II cause controversy as there had never been an Elizabeth I in Scotland. In an act of sabotage, new Royal Mail post boxes in Scotland, bearing the royal cypher EIIR, were vandalised, after which, to avoid further problems, post boxes and Royal Mail vehicles in Scotland bore only the Crown of Scotland. A legal case, MacCormick v. Lord Advocate (1953 SC 396), was taken to contest the right of the Queen to title herself Elizabeth II within Scotland, arguing that to do so would be a breach of the Act of Union. The case, however, was lost on the grounds that the pursuers had not title to sue the Crown and the numbering of monarchs was part of the Royal Prerogative, and thus not governed by the Act of Union. It was suggested by Winston Churchill that future British monarchs should be numbered according to either their English or Scottish predecessors, whichever number is higher.[11]
Less publicised controversies included the argument that the monarch was addressed as Your Grace in the pre-union Kingdom of Scotland (the monarchs of Renaissance England had been called both "Your Grace" and "Your Majesty"[12]) and that the standard title had been King/Queen of Scots (rex/regina scotorum) rather than of Scotland (rex/regina scotiae). At the opening ceremony of the devolved Scottish Parliament in Edinburgh in 1999, attended by the Queen, the Presiding Officer Lord Steel said at the close of his opening address: "It is good that today, once again, we the elected representatives of the people are able to welcome your majesty, not only as Queen of the United Kingdom, but seated as you are among us, to greet you in the historic and constitutionally correct manner, with warmth and affection, as Queen of Scots."[13] In 2002 Winnie Ewing, then president of the Scottish National Party, wrote to the Queen asking her to adopt the title "Elizabeth I" in Scotland.[14]
Americas
- Antigua and Barbuda
- 1982 – : Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Antigua and Barbuda and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth
- The Bahamas
- 1973 – : Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of the Commonwealth of The Bahamas and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth
- Barbados
- 1966 – : Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Barbados and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth
- Belize
- 1981 – : Her Majesty Elizabeth The Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Belize and of Her Other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth
- Canada
- 6 February 1952 – 29 May 1953: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas Queen, Defender of the Faith
- 29 May 1953 – :
- In English: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom, Canada and Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[15][16][N 1]
- In French: Sa Majesté Elizabeth Deux, par la grâce de Dieu Reine du Royaume-Uni, du Canada et de ses autres royaumes et territoires, Chef du Commonwealth, Défenseur de la Foi[16][18][N 2]
- Grenada
- 1974 – : Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Grenada and Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth
- Jamaica
- 1962 – : Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Jamaica and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth
- Saint Kitts and Nevis
- 1983 – : Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Saint Kitts and Nevis and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth
- Saint Lucia
- 1979 – : Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Saint Lucia and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
- 1979 – : Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth
The British Isles
- United Kingdom
- 6 February 1952 – 28 May 1953
- In English: Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas Queen, Defender of the Faith
- In Latin: Elizabeth II, Dei Gratia Magnae Britanniae, Hiberniae et terrarum transmarinarum quae in ditione sunt Britannica Regina, Fidei Defensor
- 29 May 1953 – :
- In English: Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[19][2]
- In Latin: Elizabeth II, Dei Gratia Britanniarum Regnorumque Suorum Ceterorum Regina, Consortionis Populorum Princeps, Fidei Defensor
Oceania
- Australia
- 6 February 1952 – 1953: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas Queen, Defender of the Faith
- 1953 – 1973: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom, Australia and Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[N 3][21]
- 1973 – : Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God Queen of Australia and Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth
- 6 February 1952 – 1953: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas Queen, Defender of the Faith
- 1953 – 1974: Her Majesty Elizabeth II, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom, New Zealand and Her Other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith
- 1974 – : Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God Queen of New Zealand and Her Other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith
- Papua New Guinea
- 1975 – : Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God Queen of Papua New Guinea and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[22]
- Solomon Islands
- 1978 – : Queen of Solomon Islands and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[23]
- Tuvalu
- 1978 – : Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Tuvalu and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth
Africa
- Ghana
- 1957 – 1960: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Ghana and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth
- Nigeria
- 1960 – 1963: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Nigeria and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth
- Sierra Leone
- 1961 – 1971: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Sierra Leone and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth
- Tanganyika[N 4]
- 1961 – 1962: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Tanganyika and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth
- Uganda
- 1962 – 1963: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Uganda and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth
- Kenya
- 1963 – 1964: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Kenya and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth
- 1964 – 1966: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Malawi and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth
- Mauritius
- 1968 – 1992: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Mauritius and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth
- 1953 – 1961
- In English: Elizabeth II, Queen of South Africa and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[24][25]
- In Afrikaans: Elizabeth II, Koningin van Suid-Afrika en van Haar ander Koninkryke en Gebiede, Hoof van die Statebond[25]
- In Latin: Elizabeth II, Africae Australis regnorumque suo rum ceterorum Regina, consortionis populorum Princeps[25]
- Gambia
- 1965 – 1970: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, Queen of The Gambia and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth
The Americas
- Trinidad and Tobago
- 1962 – 1976: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Trinidad and Tobago and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth
- Guyana
- 1966 – 1970: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Guyana and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth
Asia
- Pakistan
- 1953 – 1956: Elizabeth the Second, Queen of the United Kingdom and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[24]
- Ceylon[N 6]
- 1953 – 1972: Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Ceylon and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[24]
Europe
- Malta
- 1964 – 1974: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Malta and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth
Oceania
- Fiji
- 1970 – 1987: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Fiji and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth
Americas
- British Columbia, Canada
- 1959 – : Mother of all People[26]
- Jamaica
- 1952 – :In Jamaican Patois: Missis Queen or The Queen Lady[27][28]
Europe
- 6 May 2010 – : Queen of Gibraltar[29][N 7]
- Guernsey
- 6 February 1952 – : Duke of Normandy
- Isle of Man
- 6 February 1952 – : Lord of Mann
- Jersey
- 6 February 1952 – : Duke of Normandy
Oceania
- Fiji
- 1998 – 2012:
- In Fijian: Tui Viti or Vunivalu[31]
- In English: Queen or paramount chief of Fiji
- New Zealand
- 1952 – :
Military ranks
- United Kingdom
- 24 February – 26 July 1945: Hon. Second Subaltern, Auxiliary Territorial Service[33]
- 26 July 1945 – 24 July 1947: Hon. Junior Commander, Auxiliary Territorial Service[34]
- 24 July 1947 – 1 February 1949: Hon. Senior Controller, Auxiliary Territorial Service[35]
- 1 February 1949 – March 1950: Hon. Senior Controller, Women's Royal Army Corps[36]
Commonwealth of Nations honours
Appointments
Decorations and medals
Country | Date | Decoration | Ribbon | Post-nominal letters |
---|---|---|---|---|
British Commonwealth | 1935 | King George V Silver Jubilee Medal | ||
British Commonwealth | 1937 | King George VI Coronation Medal | ||
United Kingdom | 1945 | Defence Medal | ||
United Kingdom | 1945 | War Medal 1939–1945 | ||
Canada | 1951 | Canadian Forces Decoration and five bars | CD | |
United Kingdom | 11 October 2016 | Naval Long Service and Good Conduct Medal and five bars[49][50] | ||
United Kingdom | 11 October 2016 | Army Long Service and Good Conduct Medal and five bars | ||
United Kingdom | 11 October 2016 | RAF Long Service and Good Conduct Medal and five bars | ||
British Commonwealth | 11 March 2020 | ULS Extension of the Service Medal of the Order of St John with 3 Gold Bars[51] |
Appointments
Country | Date | Appointment | Ribbon | Post-nominal letters |
---|---|---|---|---|
Tonga | 19 December 1953 | The Most Illustrious Order of Queen Sālote Tupou III[52] | ||
Pakistan | 1960 | Nishan-e-Pakistan[2] | NPk | |
Nigeria | 1969 | Grand Commander of the Order of the Niger[2] | GCON | |
Singapore | 1972 | Order of Temasek[2] | DUT(1st) | |
Malaysia | 1972 | Darjah Utama Seri Mahkota Negara (Kehormat)[2][53] | DMN | |
Maldives | 1972 | Member of the Distinguished Order of Ghaazi[2] Nishan Ghaazeege 'Izzaitheri Veriyaa | NGIV | |
Brunei | 1972 | Royal Family Order of the Crown of Brunei[2] | DKMB | |
Kenya | 1972 | Order of the Golden Heart of Kenya[2] | CGH | |
Gambia | 1974 | Grand Commander of the Order of the Republic of Gambia[2] | GCRG | |
Malawi | 1979 | Member First Class of the Order of the Lion[2] | ||
Botswana | 1979 | Member of the Presidential Order[2] | POB | |
Nigeria | 1989 | Grand Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic[54] | GCFR | |
Malta | 28 May 1992 | Honorary Companion of Honour of the National Order of Merit[55] | KUOM | |
Brunei | 1992 | Royal Family Order of the Crown of Brunei[2] | DKMB | |
South Africa | 1995 | Grand Cross in Gold of the Order of Good Hope[2] | ||
Malta | 23 October 2000 | Honorary Companion of Honour with Collar of the National Order of Merit[55] | ||
Malta | 23 November 2005 | Honorary Member of the Xirka Ġieħ ir-Repubblika[56] | SG | |
Ghana | 2007 | Honorary Companion of the Order of the Star of Ghana[57] | CSG | |
South Africa | 2010 | Companion in Gold of the Order of the Companions of O. R. Tambo[58] |
Decorations and medals
Country | Date | Decoration | Ribbon | Post-nominal letters |
---|---|---|---|---|
Dominica | 1985 | Dominica Award of Honour[2] | DAH | |
Trinidad and Tobago | 1985 | Trinity Cross Medal in Gold[2] | TC | |
Brunei | 1992 | Sultan of Brunei Silver Jubilee Medal[2] |
Foreign honours
Appointments
Dynastic orders
Source | Date | Appointment | Post-nominal letters |
---|---|---|---|
David Bagration of Mukhrani | 8 March 2017 | Grand Collar of the Order of the Eagle of Georgia[N 10][75] | GColEG |
Decorations
Country | Date | Decoration | Ribbon | Post-nominal letters |
---|---|---|---|---|
Nepal | 1961 | Mahendra Chain[2] | ||
Sudan | 1964 | Chain of Honour[2] | ||
Indonesia | 1974 | Star of the Republic of Indonesia, 1st Class[2] | ||
Saudi Arabia | 1979 | Badr Chain | ||
Qatar | 1979 | Collar of the Independence[2] | ||
United Arab Emirates | 1989 | Collar of the Federation[2] |
Honorary military positions
- 1953 – : Captain-General of the Royal Regiment of Australian Artillery[76]
- 1953 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Australian Engineers[76]
- 1953 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Australian Infantry Corps[76]
- 1953 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Australian Army Ordnance Corps[76]
- 1953 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Australian Army Nursing Corps[76]
- 1953 – : Air-Commodore-in-Chief of the Australian Citizen Air Force
- 1947 – : Colonel-in-Chief of le Régiment de la Chaudière[76]
- 1947 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the 48th Highlanders of Canada[76]
- 1950 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders of Canada (Princess Louise's)[76]
- 1952 – : Captain-General of the Royal Regiment of Canadian Artillery[76]
- 1953 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Governor General's Horse Guards[76]
- 1953 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the King's Own Calgary Regiment[76]
- 1953 – 1967: Colonel-in-Chief Corps of Royal Canadian Engineers
- 1953 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal 22e Régiment[76]
- 1953 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Governor General's Foot Guards[76]
- 1953 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Canadian Grenadier Guards[76]
- 1953 – 1956: Colonel-in-Chief of the Carleton and York Regiment
- 1953 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Canadian Guards
- 1956 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal New Brunswick Regiment[76]
- 1958 – 1968: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Canadian Ordnance Corps[76]
- 1977 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Military Engineers Branch[76]
- 1981 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Calgary Highlanders[76]
- 1953 – 1968: Air-Commodore-in-Chief of the Air Reserve Canada
- 1953 – 2012: Honorary Commissioner of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police
- 2012 – : Commissioner-in-Chief of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police[77]
- 1970 – 1987: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Fiji Military Forces
- 1959 – 1960: Colonel-in-Chief of the Ghana Regiment of Infantry
- 1953 – : Captain-General of the Royal Regiment of New Zealand Artillery[76]
- 1953 – : Captain-General of the Royal New Zealand Armoured Corps[76]
- 1953 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Corps of Royal New Zealand Engineers[76]
- 1953 – 1964: Colonel-in-Chief of the Countess of Ranfurly's Own Auckland Regiment
- 1953 – 1964: Colonel-in-Chief of the Wellington Regiment
- 1964 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment[76]
- 1977 – 1996: Colonel-in-Chief Royal of the New Zealand Army Ordnance Corps
- 1953 – : Air-Commodore-in-Chief of the Territorial Air Force of New Zealand
- 1947 – 1961: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Durban Light Infantry
- 1947 – 1961: Colonel-in-Chief of the South African Railways and Harbours Brigade
- 1952 – 1961: Colonel-in-Chief of the Imperial Light Horse
- 1953 – 1961: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Natal Carbineers
- 1953 – 1961: Colonel-in-Chief of the Kaffrarian Rifles
- 1942 – 1952: Colonel of the Grenadier Guards[78]
- 1947 – 2006: Colonel-in-Chief of the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders (Princess Louise's)
- 1947 – 1994: Colonel-in-Chief of the 16th/5th Queen's Royal Lancers
- 1949 – : Honorary Brigadier of the Women's Royal Army Corps
- 1952 – : Colonel-in-Chief of The Life Guards[76]
- 1952 – 1969: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Horse Guards
- 1952 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Grenadier Guards[76]
- 1952 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Coldstream Guards[76]
- 1952 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Scots Guards[76]
- 1952 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Irish Guards[76]
- 1952 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Welsh Guards[76]
- 1952 – : Captain-General of the Royal Regiment of Artillery[76]
- 1952 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Corps of Royal Engineers[76]
- 1952 – : Captain-General of the Honourable Artillery Company[76]
- 1952 – : Master of the Merchant Navy and Fishing Fleets
- 1953 – 1971: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Scots Greys
- 1953 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Tank Regiment[76]
- 1953 – 2006: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Welch Fusiliers[76]
- 1953 – 1970: Colonel-in-Chief of the Loyal Regiment
- 1953 – 1966: Colonel-in-Chief of the King's Royal Rifle Corps
- 1953 – 1956: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Army Ordnance Corps
- 1953 – 1956: Honorary Colonel of the Queen's Own Worcestershire Hussars
- 1953 – : Captain-General of the Combined Cadet Force[76]
- 1953 – 1959: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal West African Frontier Force
- 1953 – 1964: Colonel-in-Chief of the King's African Rifles
- 1953 – 1964: Colonel-in-Chief of the Northern Rhodesia Regiment
- 1953 – 1974: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Malta Artillery
- 1953 – 1972: Colonel-in-Chief of the King's Own Malta Regiment
- 1953 – 1970: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Rhodesia Regiment
- 1953 – 1992: Colonel-in-Chief of the Duke of Lancaster's Own Yeomanry[79]
- 1956 – 1963: Colonel-in-Chief of the Queen's Own Nigeria Regiment
- 1956 – : Honorary Colonel of the Queen's Own Warwickshire and Worcestershire Yeomanry
- 1959 – 1963: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Nigerian Military Forces
- 1959 – 1971: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Sierra Leone Military Forces
- 1964 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Malawi Rifles[76]
- 1 April 1964 – 10 June 2011: Lord High Admiral of the United Kingdom
- 1966 – 2007: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Green Jackets
- 1969 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Blues and Royals (Royal Horse Guards and 1st Dragoons)[76]
- 1970 – 2006: Colonel-in-Chief of the Queen's Lancashire Regiment
- 1971 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Scots Dragoon Guards[76]
- 1971 – 1999: Colonel-in-Chief of the Queen's Own Yeomanry
- 1973 – 1992: Colonel-in-Chief of the Queen's Own Mercian Yeomanry
- 1977 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Corps of Royal Military Police
- 1992 – : Patron of the Royal Army Chaplains' Department
- 1992 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Adjutant General's Corps[76]
- 1993 – : Affiliated Colonel-in-Chief of the Queen's Gurkha Engineers
- 1993 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Queen's Royal Lancers[76]
- 1994 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Mercian and Lancastrian Yeomanry[76]
- 2006 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Welsh[76]
- 2006 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Regiment of Scotland[76]
- 2006 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Duke of Lancaster's Regiment[76]
- 2006 – : Royal Colonel of the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders, 5th Battalion, The Royal Regiment of Scotland[76]
- 1953 – 1996: Air-Commodore-in-Chief of the Royal Observer Corps
- 1953 – : Air-Commodore-in-Chief of the Royal Auxiliary Air Force
- 1953 – : Air-Commodore-in-Chief of the Royal Air Force Regiment
- 1953 – : Commandant-in-Chief of the Royal Air Force College, Cranwell
- 1977 – : Royal Honorary Air Commodore of the Royal Air Force Marham
- 2000 – : Royal Honorary Air Commodore of the 603 (City of Edinburgh) Squadron
Non-national titles and honours
Freedom of the City
- Commonwealth realms
- 1947: Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead
- 1948: Royal Burgh of Stirling
- 1948: London
- 1948: Cardiff [80]
- 1949: Edinburgh
- 1949: Belfast
- 1951: Ottawa [81]
- Foreign
- 1976: Philadelphia[82]
- 1983: Long Beach, California[83]
- 1988: Madrid[84]
Memberships and fellowships
Country | Date | Organisation | Position |
---|---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 1947 – 1952 | Royal Society | Fellow (FRS) |
United Kingdom | 1947 – | Worshipful Company of Drapers | Freeman (by patrimony, her father (King George VI) being a member) |
United Kingdom | 1947 – | Institution of Civil Engineers | Honorary member and patron[85] |
United Kingdom | 1951 – | Royal College of Surgeons of England | Honorary fellow (FRCS) |
United Kingdom | 1951 – | Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists | Honorary fellow (FRCOG) |
Scholastic
Since ascending the throne, the Queen has not accepted honorary degrees, as that would technically place her under the jurisdiction of the chancellor of whichever university had bestowed the degree, a position deemed unsuitable for a reigning monarch.
Degrees
Country | Date | University | Degree |
---|---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 1946 | University of London | Bachelor of Music (BMus) honoris causa |
United Kingdom | 1948 | University of Oxford | Doctor of Civil Law (DCL) honoris causa |
United Kingdom | 1949 | University of Wales | Doctor of Music (DMus) honoris causa |
United Kingdom | 1951 | University of Edinburgh | Doctor of Laws (LLD) honoris causa |
United Kingdom | 1951 | University of London | Doctor of Laws (LLD) honoris causa |
Professional
In April 2013 the Queen was presented with an honorary BAFTA award by Sir Kenneth Branagh in a ceremony at Windsor Castle. The BAFTA was given for her "lifelong support of the British film and television industry".[86]
In 1975 she received the highest distinction of the Scout Association of Japan, the Golden Pheasant Award.[87]
See also
- Style of the British sovereign
- Title and style of the Canadian monarch
- List of things named after Elizabeth II
- List of titles and honours of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh
- List of titles and honours of Charles, Prince of Wales
- List of titles and honours of George VI
- List of titles and honours of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother
- List of titles and honours of Mary of Teck
- List of titles and honours of Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn
- List of honours of the British royal family by country
- Flags of Elizabeth II
Notes
- In some cases, such as an oath of allegiance, Elizabeth's Canadian title is shortened to Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Canada.[17] On Canadian coins, it is rendered in Latin as Elizabeth II D.G. Regina ("Elizabeth II Dei Gratia Regina", or, in English, "Elizabeth II, by the Grace of God, Queen).
- In some older documents in French, Elizabeth's name is spelled Élisabeth or Elisabeth.
- This title is shown on the Great Seal of Victoria in Latin as Elizabeth II Dei Gratia Britanniarum Terrae Australis Regnorumque Suorum Ceterorum Regina, Consortionis Populorum Princeps, Fidei Defensor.[20]
- Now part of Tanzania.
- Although Elizabeth was recognised as Queen of Rhodesia by the Rhodesian government, she never accepted or exercised the office for the years between the Rhodesian declaration of independence in 1965 and the proclamation of a republic in Rhodesia in 1970.
- Now Sri Lanka.
- The kingship of Gibraltar continues to be among the titles of the Spanish monarchy. However, since 2010 the Government of Gibraltar has started to use the title "Queen of Gibraltar" in reference to Elizabeth II.[29] Initially only used on coinage, the title now appears on several Gibraltar and UK government documents referencing the Queen in relation to Gibraltar.[30]
- Sovereign states within the Commonwealth of Nations sharing the same person as monarch.
- The Queen stripped Romanian dictator Nicolae Ceaușescu, who was overthrown in a popular revolution, of his honorary British knighthood in December 1989,[60] and returned her own order because "of revulsion at the abuse of human rights in Romania for which Ceaușescu is responsible".[61]
- It has never been clarified if Queen Elizabeth II accepted this as an honour for herself and is described by Buckingham Palace as a 'gift'
References
- Bousfield, Arthur; Toffoli, Gary (2002). Fifty Years the Queen. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 72. ISBN 1-55002-360-8.
- "Burke's Peerage and Gentry > The Royal Family > HM Queen Elizabeth II". Burke's Peerage & Gentry and The Origins Network. Archived from the original on 1 December 2009. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade (1952), Documents on Canadian External Relations, 18, Queen's Printer for Canada, archived from the original on 15 May 2013, retrieved 20 December 2009
- Government of South Africa (7 February 1952). "Proclamation No. 12 of 1952". Government Gazette Extraordinary. Queen's Printer. CLXVII (4781).
- "Proclamation of the accession of Her Majesty, Queen Elizabeth II, from the steps of Parliament House, Canberra, 1952 Feb. 8". National Library of Australia. Retrieved 1 July 2011.
- "No. 39458". The London Gazette (Supplement). 6 February 1952. p. 757.
- Bousfield & Toffoli 2002, p. 75
- Twomey, Anne (2006), The Chameleon Crown, Sydney: Federation Press, p. 105, ISBN 9781862876293
- Privy Council Office (24 November 1952), "Memorandum for Prime Minister", in Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade (ed.), Documents on Canadian External Relations, 18–2, Ottawa: Queen's Printer for Canada
- "Documenting a Democracy > Royal Style and Titles Act 1973 (Cth)". Museum of Australian Democracy. Retrieved 3 November 2015.
- Winston Churchill, House of Commons Official Report cols 199–201, 15 April 1953
- OED, 2nd Edition, under "Grace", 16b
- "Opening Ceremony of the Scottish Parliament: 1st July 1999 (30:47)". The Scottish Parliament. Retrieved 26 October 2016.
- "Queen urged to change title". BBC. 22 May 2002.
- "Royal Style and Titles Act". Archived from the original on 7 January 2014. Retrieved 2013-12-15. 1985, Ch. R-12.
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External links
- Hansard recording of debate on the royal title in the British House of Commons, 3 March 1953