List of water buffalo breeds

This is a list of domestic water buffalo breeds and their uses.

Breeds

The domestic water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is descended from the wild water buffalo (Bubalus arnee), now designated an endangered species. Water buffaloes have been bred, predominantly in Asia, for thousands of years for use by humans. Their main domestic uses are as draught animals and for the production of milk and meat. Two types are recognized, the river-type and the swamp-type. Note: except where otherwise indicated, the reference for all entries is DAD-IS.[1]

Name Picture Alternate name Origin Use Notes, references
Al-Ahwarsee § Iranian and Iraqi[2]§ Iraqi marsh buffalo[3]
Al Jamoose or Jimessee § Iraqi[3]
Anatolian buffaloTurkish: Anadolu Mandasın,
regional: Camız,
Camış,
Kömüş,
Dombay		Turkey: the Marmara and Black Sea regions, and South Turkeydairy, draughtof § Mediterranean-type[2][4]
AssamNE Indiaswamp-type[5][6]
Australian buffaloAustralian swamp buffalo (swamp-type),
riverine buffalo (river-type),
Australiano (in Venezuela)		Australia's Northern Territoryferal swamp-type buffaloes imported from the eastern Indonesian islands in the 1820s;
river-type buffaloes were imported in the 1990s[5]
AzariAzeri,
Azerbaijan,
Iranian,
Caucasian		Azerbaijan, NW Iran§ Caucasian buffalo;[5]
Iranian Azari (=an ecotype of the § Iranian) comprises 70% of the Iranian buffalo population[3]
Azi KheliNW Pakistan: the Swat valleydairylight brown or albinoid milking buffalo[6]
Badavansee § Bhadawari[5]
BaioVermelhoN Brazil: Marajódual-purpose (meat and dairy)swamp-type;
color labels separate the swamp-type from typically black (preto) South American river-type breeds;
considered a naturalized type or genetic group rather than a breed,
categorization similar to § Brazilian Carabao[7][8]
Baladi
(= local or native)		Egyptdairythe Nile Delta's milking variety of the § Egyptian buffalo;[7]
has longer curved horns, is black or gray in color;
varieties of the Baladi type are the § Beheri and the § Minufi buffalo[9]
Balkansee § European[7]
Bama kwyesee § Burmese[7]
BangladeshiBangladeshdairy, draughtnative buffaloes of Bangladesh's floodplains;
includes both a black indigenous river-type (western and central areas) and a small gray indigenous swamp-type (eastern areas);
see also § Mahish[7]
Bangladeshi, albinoid of the central part of the countryBangladeshdairya type of the § Bangladeshi,
farmed semi-intensively for milk[7]
Bangladeshi, albinoid of the western part of the countryBangladeshdraughtthe smallest (average height 126/121 cm) of the § Bangladeshi buffaloes [7]
Bangladeshi, native buffaloes in the central partBangladeshblack indigenous river-type of the § Bangladeshi[7]
Bangladeshi, native buffaloes in the eastern partBangladeshsmaller gray indigenous § Bangladeshi swamp-type with white stockings and sometimes white spots on each side of the face; crescent-shaped horns[7]
Bangladeshi, native buffaloes in the southern partBangladeshdairylarger than native water buffaloes of that area[7]
Bangladeshi, native buffaloes in the western partBangladeshblack indigenous river-type of the § Bangladeshi[7]
BanniW India: the Kachchh (Kutch) region of Gujaratdairydeveloped by the semi-pastoralist Maldhari community[7]
BeheriEgypt: Beheira Provincedairya variety of the § Egyptian buffalo[7] of the § Baladi type;
slate-gray or black in color[9]
Belangsee § Tadong[7]
BhadawariBadavan,
Etawah		India: Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradeshdairy, draughtselectively improved river-type[7]
Bhainsisee § Nepalese[7]
Bhavanegrisee § Jafarabadi[7]
BinhuChinaa variety of the § Chinese buffalo[10]
Borneo buffalosee § Kalang
BrazilianKalabaw, Kalaban
Portuguese: bufalo de pantano (= swamp-type breeds)
Portuguese: preto (= typically black river-type breeds)		Brazil
  • swamp-type breeds descended from stock originating from French Indochina, including the black Philippine Carabao; initially imported in about 1890 to Marajó Island (most are still found there today); see §§ Brazilian Carabao, Rosilho, and Baio[7][8]
  • river-type breeds from India, Italy and Egypt were imported in the early to mid-20th century; there are three river-type breeds recognized:
Brazilian CarabaoKalabanBrazilmeat and draught swamp-typehas its own herdbook in Brazil, described as a naturalized genetic group rather than a breed;
there is a variety called the § Rosilho[7]
Búfalo de PantanoCuba
Búfalo de RioCuba
BuffalypsoTrinidadian buffalo (sometimes called Trinidadian bison or hog cattle)Trinidad and Tobagospecialized for meat and haulagederives from crosses between the swamp-type § Carabao and river-type breeds (such as the § Murrah, the § Nili-Ravi, the § Jafarabadi, the § Surti, § Nagpuri, and the § Bhadawari);

has a refined head, prominent eyes, small flat compact horns growing back, up and in, short in the leg, low compact body, meaty hindquarters, straight topline; typically Buffalypso are red or fawn, colors include black, brown, albinoid;
exported to 19 countries (the U.S. and several Latin American countries)[8]

Bulgarian buffaloBulgariameat, dairy, worka regional variety of the typical European, i.e. the § Mediterranean;
traditionally of strong, muscular working type, became triple-purpose animals;
the indigenous Bulgarian bison is now extinct[8]
Bulgarian MurrahBulgarian: Българска мyрра, Bulgarska murraBulgariadairyderives from crosses of Mediterranean buffaloes with Indian Murrah (and Surti) buffaloes imported from 1962;

is black, black/brown or dark gray, has large black eyes, coiled horns, a wide rump, long tail, voluminous belly, deep broad chest, a short wide back often slightly dipped, well-developed udder suited to machine milking;
is now rare in its homeland; exported to Romania and South America[8]

BurmeseBurma (Myanmar);
locally: Bama Kwye and Pa Sauk Kwye
(kwye or kywe = buffalo)		Myanmarswamp-type;
varies locally in size, color and horn shape;[11]
  • the larger § Shan Kwye is classified as a distinct "breed"
  • the Burmese wild buffalo is a feral gayal (or mithun)
Burmese wild buffaloBurmese: pyaung, pyun
also referred to as:
  • the Burmese gaur (either Bos gaurus readai or Bos gaurus laosiensis)
  • the Burmese bison
 Myanmar the wild buffaloes of Burma are a gaur subspecies (either Bos gaurus readai or B. g. laosiensis) that were reputedly domesticated animals (gayal or mithun) that became feral in swampy bush areas;
hunted and recaptured and kept by some farmers in hilly northern jungles for producing meat and good leather[11]
Cambodian buffaloCambodia two varieties:
Carabaothe Philippinesmeat, dairy, draughtswamp-type
CaucasianGeorgia, the Russian Federationmeat, dairy
ChilikaIndiariver-type;
saline-tolerant, well-adapted to Orissa's vast brackish lagoon at the mouth of the Daya River[6]
Chinese buffaloChinamany varieties:
the §§ Haizi​ and Mountainous buffaloes, the § Shanghai (incl. the Jiangsu Round-Barrel), and the §§ Dongliu, Wenzhou, Fu'an, Xiajiang, Xinfeng Mountainous, Xinlong, Fuzhong, Binhu, Enshi Mountainous, Jianghan, Xingyang, Shannan, Fuling, Yanjin, Dehong, Southeastern Yunnan, Guizhou, and Guizhou White buffaloes[12]
DeVietnam
DechangChina
DehongChinaa variety of the § Chinese buffalo
Domaci bivoSerbia
DongliuChinaa variety of the § Chinese buffalo
EgyptianMasriEgyptdairy, draughtriver-type;
can be loosely divided, both geographically and by type, into two types:
  • the long-horned local buffaloes of the Nile Delta: the milking § Baladi, incl. the § Beheri (slate-gray to black in color) and the § Minufi (dark gray)
  • the short-horned buffaloes of Upper (southern) Egypt: the § Saidi; primarily a draught animal[13][14][9]
Enshi MountainousChinaa variety of the § Chinese buffalo[15]
Fu'anChinaa variety of the § Chinese buffalo
FulingChinaa variety of the § Chinese buffalo
FuzhongChinaa variety of the § Chinese buffalo
GaddiNepal
Georgian buffaloGeorgia, the Russian Federation
GhabSyria
GilaniMazandarani,
Shomali		Irana minor northern ecotype of the § Iranian, see § Caucasian[3]
GodavariIndia
Greek buffaloGreece
GuizhouChina
Guizhou WhiteChina
HaiziChina
Iranian and IraqiIran and Iraqdairymainly river-types [3]
Iraniansee § Iranian and Iraqithe Iranian buffaloes by ecotype:
Indonesian wild buffaloIndonesian water buffalo,
Indonesian swamp buffalo, Indonesian buffalo		Indonesiaa semi-feral buffalo breed, introduced to Komodo and Flores
Iranian Azari ecotypesee § Azarian ecotype of the § Iranian[3]
IraqiAl Jamoose, Jimes = water buffalo
other: Dwab (Dauab),
Granish		Iraqmeat, dairy, ridden work animalIraqi buffaloes are divided by habitat into "marsh" and "city", or into the § Al Ahwar marsh buffalo and the larger and milkier river-type of urban areas with considerable diversity in color[3]
ItalianItalian: Bufala Mediterranea Italiana,
Italian Mediterranean,
Mediterranean Italian,
Italiano (in Venezuela)		Italydairyof § Mediterranean-type (riverine);
Italian Mediterranean buffaloes have been exported to Brazil and other parts of Latin America[3]
JafarabadiIndiadairy
JaffrabadiGujaratdairy[16]
JerangiIndia
JianghanChinaa variety of the § Chinese buffalo
KalabanBrazil
KalahandiIndia
KalangBorneo buffalo (in English),
Kerbau Rawa (in Indonesian)		Indonesia: (Kalimantan)
KeboIndonesia
Kerbau-GunungIndonesia
Kerbau-IndonesiaIndonesia
Kerbau MoaIndonesia
Kerbau-MurrahIndonesia
Kerbau-Sumatra-BaratIndonesia
Kerbau-Sumatra-UtaraIndonesia
Kerbau-SumbawaIndonesia
KhoozestaniKhuzestaniIranan § Iranian ecotype of the southern marshes[3]
KundiKundhi,
Sindhi Murrah		E Pakistan: N Sindhdairyriver-type;
some consider it a regional variety of the § Murrah[17][18]
LankaSri Lanka
LimeNepal
MahishBangladesha variety of the § Bangladeshi, crossed with the indigenous swamp-type, river-type dominant[7]
MalaysiankerbauMalaysia three varieties:
MandaIndia
MannarSri Lanka
MarathwadaIndia
Masrisee § Egyptian
Mediterraneanthe Mediterranean region
MehsanaIndiadairy
Mestizothe Philippines
MinufiMinufi, Menoufi or MonoufiEgypt: the southern and central parts of the Nile Deltadairya variety of the § Egyptian buffalo[7] of § Baladi type;
dark gray in color[9]
MonouliEgypt
Mountain buffalomoiCambodiaa variety of the krabei beng § Cambodian buffalo[20]
MountainousChinaa variety of the § Chinese buffalo [21]
MundingIndonesia
MurrahIndia, Pakistandairyalso found in Azerbaijan, Brazil, China, Ecuador, Guatemala, Laos, Malaysia, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Vietnam
Myanmar swamp buffalosee § Burmese[11][22]
NagpuriBerar, Durna-Thalia, Ellichpuri, Gaulani, Gauli, Marathwada, VaradiW India: Maharashtradairy, draughttwo varieties:
NeloreArgentina
Nepalese hill buffaloNepal
Nepalese mountain buffaloNepal
NgoVietnam
NiliE Pakistan, N Indiasee § NiliRavi
NiliRaviPanch KalyaniE Pakistan, N Indiadairya combination of two fairly similar Pakistani water buffalo breeds, the Nili and the Ravi; formerly described as geographically isolated varieties of the § Murrah
exported to Bangladesh, China, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Brazil[23][24]
Pa Sauksee § Burmese[23]
Pahadisee § Nepalese[23]
Palitanasee § Jafarabadi[23]
Pampangansee § Indonesian[23]
Panch Kalyanisee § Nili-Ravi[23]
PandharpuriDharwari (in Mysore)Indiadairysee § Nagpuri[23]
Papua New Guinea buffaloPapua New Guinea
Parkotesee § Nepalese[23]
Parlakimedisee § Manda[23]
Peddakimedisee § Kalahandi[23]
Philippinesee § Carabao[23]
Plain buffaloCambodia
Purnathadisee § Nagpuri[23]
Purvisee § Nepalese[23]
RaviSandal BarE Pakistan, N Indiasee § Nili-Ravi[23]
Rawasee § Kalang[23]
Romanian buffaloRomaniameat, dairy, draught
RosilhoBrazila variety of the § Brazilian Carabao[8]
Siamese buffaloThai water buffalo,
Thai swamp buffalo (in English),
Kwai Thai,
Karbue (in Thailand),		Thailandmeat, dairy, draughtswamp-type
SaidiEgypt
SambalpurIndia
Sapi Tenusukerbau Sapi TenusuMalaysiadairya variety of the § Malaysian;
river-type[17]
Sawahkerbau Sawah;Malaysiaa variety of the § Malaysian;
swamp-type[17]
ShanghaiChinaa variety of the § Chinese buffalo
Shan Kyweswamp-type of the elevated Shan Plateau in eastern-central BurmaMyanmarlarger, heavier and darker in color than other § Burmese buffaloes; classified as a distinct "breed"[11]
ShannanChinaa variety of the § Chinese buffalo
Southeast YunnanChinaa variety of the § Chinese buffalo
South KanaraIndia
SurtiIndia, Sri Lankadairy, draught
Taiwan buffaloTaiwan
TamankaduwaSri Lanka
Tamaraothe Philippines
Tarai buffaloIndia, Nepal
TedongIndonesia
Tipo BaioBrazil
TodaIndia
TorayaIndonesiameat, dairy, draught
Trau NoiVietnam
TrinitarioVenezuela
WenzhouChinaa variety of the § Chinese buffalo[25]
XiajiangChinaa variety of the § Chinese buffalo[25]
XilinChinaa variety of the § Chinese buffalo of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region[25]
Xinfeng MountainousChinaa variety of the § Chinese buffalo[25]
XinglongChinaa variety of the § Chinese buffalo[26]
XingyangChinaa variety of the § Chinese buffalo[26]
YanjinChinaa variety of the § Chinese buffalo[26]
YibinChinaa variety of the § Chinese buffalo[26]

See also


References
  1. Breeds from species:Buffalo. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed June 2015.
  2. Porter et al. (2016), p. 960.
  3. Porter et al. (2016), p. 970.
  4. Anatolian Buffalo, Breeds of Livestock, Oklahoma State University Board of Regents. Last retrieved 2017 January 11
  5. Porter et al. (2016), p. 961.
  6. Porter et al. (2016), p. 969.
  7. Porter et al. (2016), p. 962.
  8. Porter et al. (2016), p. 963.
  9. Porter et al. (2016), p. 967.
  10. Porter et al. (2016), pp. 962, 966.
  11. Porter et al. (2016), p. 964.
  12. Porter et al. (2016), pp. 965-966.
  13. Egyptian buffalo, Breeds of Livestock, Oklahoma State University Board of Regents. Last retrieved 2017 January 11
  14. Porter et al. (2016), p. 966.
  15. Porter et al. (2016), pp. 966-967.
  16. Patbandha, Tapas; Pathak, Rupal; Marandi, S; Swain, Dilip; Ahlawat, AR (1 October 2015). Milking management practices in Gir cows and Jaffrabadi buffaloes. 9.
  17. Porter et al. (2016), p. 972.
  18. Kundi buffalo, Breeds of Livestock, Oklahoma State University Board of Regents. Last retrieved 2017 January 11
  19. Malaysian buffalo, Breeds of Livestock, Oklahoma State University Board of Regents. Last retrieved 2017 January 11
  20. Porter et al. (2016), pp. 964, 973.
  21. Porter et al. (2016), pp. 965, 973.
  22. Porter et al. (2016), p. 974.
  23. Porter et al. (2016), p. 975.
  24. NiliRavi, Breeds of Livestock, Oklahoma State University Board of Regents. Last retrieved 2017 January 11
  25. Porter et al. (2016), pp. 965, 978.
  26. Porter et al. (2016), pp. 966, 978.

Sources
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