MUFG Bank

MUFG Bank, Ltd. (株式会社三菱UFJ銀行, Kabushiki Gaisha Mitsubishi Yūefujē Ginkō) is the largest bank in Japan. It was established on January 1, 2006, following the merger of the Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi, Ltd. and UFJ Bank Ltd. MUFG is one of the three so-called Japanese "megabanks" (along with SMBC and Mizuho).

MUFG Bank, Ltd.
株式会社三菱UFJ銀行
TypeSubsidiary of Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group
IndustryFinancial services
PredecessorThe Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi, Ltd.
UFJ Bank
FoundedJanuary 1, 2006
(The Mitsubishi Bank, Ltd.: August 25, 1919)
(The Sanwa Bank, Ltd.: 1933)
(The Tokai Bank, Ltd.: 1941)
Headquarters
Chiyoda, Tokyo (Marunouchi 2-7-1, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-8388, Japan)
,
Japan
Number of locations
868 branches (as of March 31, 2009)
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Katsunori Nagayasu, (president)
ServicesPersonal banking
Corporate banking
Investment banking
RevenueUS$49.17bn (2016)
¥103.8bn (2009)
US$8.15bn (2016)
Total assetsUS$2,589.76bn (2016)
Total equity¥6.857 trillion (as of March 31, 2009)
Number of employees
10,936 ( 2016)
ParentMitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, Inc.
SubsidiariesUnionBanCal Corporation
Senshu Ikeda Holdings, Inc.
kabu.com Securities Co., Ltd.
Bank of Ayudhya Pub Co., Ltd.
Websitewww.bk.mufg.jp/english/
Head Office in Marunouchi, Tokyo, Japan (former Mitsubishi Bank headquarters)
Nihombashi Branch in Tokyo (former Bank of Tokyo headquarters)

The bank serves as the core retail, corporate, and investment banking arm of the Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group.[1] Its traditional client base is made up of Japanese corporates, but overseas corporate lending increased 35% in the nine months to December 31, 2011. The bank has steadily increased its tier 1 capital ratios from 7.76% in 2009 to 13.04% as reported in February 2012, and its credit ratings have been unaffected by developments in Europe. Standard & Poor's assigned BTMU's most recent series of senior unsecured bonds an A-plus rating (as at February 2012).[2]

As of June 23, 2019, Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group / MUFG Bank was ranked by as the largest bank in Japan and the fourth largest in the world.[3]

The bank's head office is in Marunouchi, Chiyoda, Tokyo, and it has 772 other offices in Japan and 76 offices overseas.[4]

History

Formation

MUFG Bank is the product of three bank mergers that occurred between 1996 and 2006.

Mitsubishi Bank was founded in 1880 by a former samurai, Iwasaki Yatarō, and was a core member of the Mitsubishi Group of companies. It merged with The Bank of Tokyo in 1996 to form The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi, Ltd. (株式会社東京三菱銀行, Kabushiki kaisha tōkyō mitsubishi ginkō), which at that point was the world's largest bank in terms of total assets.[5] In 1998, upon merger of the then second and third largest Swiss banks, Union Bank of Switzerland and Swiss Bank Corporation, the newly created UBS AG became the second largest in the world at the time, behind only the Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi.[6] The Bank of Tokyo had historically focused on foreign exchange business since its foundation as the Yokohama Specie Bank in 1880, while Mitsubishi had had a stronger focus on domestic corporate and retail banking. Both banks were relatively healthy in the wake of the Japanese asset price bubble.[7]

Until the Tokyo-Mitsubishi merger took place in 1996, Sanwa Bank, which was based in Osaka and was the anchor of the Sanwa Group keiretsu, had been considered the strongest bank in Japan, and it had aimed to be the world's largest bank during the "bubble era".[7] By 2000, however, Sanwa was the fourth largest bank in Japan. It entered into merger talks with two other large banks, Asahi Bank and Tokai Bank, to create the world's third-largest bank by assets. Asahi (now part of Resona Holdings) pulled out of these talks later that year.[8] By 2001, The Toyo Trust & Banking Co. had been added to the merger group and the combined company was to be called United Financial Holdings of Japan.[9] The merger was completed in 2002 and the new bank was officially named UFJ Bank Ltd. (株式会社ユーエフジェイ銀行, Kabushiki kaisha yūefujei ginkō).[10] UFJ was headquartered in Nagoya, the historical headquarters of Tokai Bank. During its short life, it was plagued by bad debt problems and by infighting between the employees of its predecessor companies.

The holding companies of BTM and UFJ agreed to merge in 2005, forming Japan's largest bank by assets and market capitalization. This led to litigation between BTM and Sumitomo Trust & Banking Co., which had previously agreed to an alliance with UFJ under which it would take over UFJ's trust banking operations. BTM and UFJ settled their dispute for 2.5 billion yen in late 2006.[11] The merger of the two bank holding companies was completed on October 1, 2005, creating the Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group. The core banking units of MTFG and UFJ Holdings, the Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi, Ltd. and UFJ Bank Ltd., respectively, continued to operate separately until January 1, 2006, when the two units combined to form The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd. (BTMU)[10]

Post-merger operations

Mitsubishi Bank and the Bank of Tokyo each had significant banking subsidiaries in California (Bank of California and Union Bank respectively) before their merger. At the time of the merger, these U.S. banks also merged to form UnionBanCal Corporation. BTM listed UnionBanCal on the New York Stock Exchange in 1999. In 2008, BTMU purchased all of the outstanding shares of UnionBanCal. BTMU moved its New York-based banking operations to Union Bank and renamed the company MUFG Union Bank in 2014.

BTMU was investigated by New York banking regulators over its role in routing payments for Iranian customers through its New York branch in violation of U.S. sanctions. BTMU settled with the state for $250 million in 2013. A second settlement was reached for $315 million in 2014 after it was found that PricewaterhouseCoopers had altered an investigation report on the issue; PwC itself was fined $25 million in relation to the matter.[12]

On April 1, 2018, the bank was renamed to MUFG Bank Ltd. (三菱UFJ銀行, Mitsubishi UFJ Ginkō). This name change aligned the bank name with the holding company name, Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group (MUFG), removing "Tokyo" from the name.[13][14]

Lawsuits, fines and controversies

The following are scandals involving the Bank of Mitsubishi UFJ. The Financial Services Agency is, 2007 ( Heisei 2007) June 11, upon disposal of the bank's, "(Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ Bank) other mega-banks have pointed out that compared to, often projecting a problem."

Excessive financing by the Shenzhen branch of the People's Republic of China
Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ Shenzhen Branch, 2003 (then UFJ Bank depth圳支shop), financing when the local major pharmaceutical manufacturers thirty-nine population be listed on the stock, fund one billion RMB which require (about 140 billion yen) did. However, given the 39 group's achievements and business scale at that time, the amount was too large. This does not involve the actual conditions are certified as "disloyal financing", the People's Republic of China monetary authorities of was ordered in February 2006 to pay a fine of 2.8 billion yen to Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ  . At the time, the branch had more than 400 million yuan, which was regarded as a transaction that deviated from the scope of work permitted by the bank.
In 2006, Mitsubishi UFJ's domestic operations were prosecuted by the China Banking Supervision and Management Committee. The employee of the Shanghai branch, who was in charge of system development, received a bribe of 59,000 yuan from the contractor when receiving a project order, and was sentenced to one year in prison.[15]
Loss of personal information for 960,000 people
The following are scandals involving the Bank of Mitsubishi UFJ.  On October 5, 2006, the Tokyo Metropolitan Bank of Tokyo UFJ Shinjuku Central Branch and Ueno Central Branch announced that they lost 960,000 personal information.[16] The breakdown is the details of 860,000 detailed statements output by ATM, 35,000 slips, 38,000 internal microfilm materials, and 18,000 internal paper materials.The following are scandals involving the Bank of Mitsubishi UFJ. The following are scandals involving the Bank of Mitsubishi UFJ. 
Some of the materials include the customer's name, account number, and transaction amount, and some of them include a telephone number, address, date of birth, notification stamp, and transfer details. The bank was in the process of aggregating personal information from the sales office to the management center, but part of the material was lost in the process. There is a high possibility that it was accidentally discarded, and it is said that there is little fear of being washed away to the outside. No misuse has been confirmed at the time of announcement.
The loss of personal information by Japanese financial institutions is the second largest after Michinoku Bank 's 1.31 million people, the first improvement recommendation of the Personal Information Protection Law
Negligence of money laundering measures in US corporation
On December 19, 2006, the US financial authorities issued administrative sanctions for business improvement orders to Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group , assuming that the money laundering monitoring system required by financial institutions was not sufficiently developed . In 2004, the California subsidiary specializing in payments was subject to administrative sanctions for neglecting money laundering measures, and this was the second time, so the authorities seriously saw the situation and announced the details of the disposal of individual cases unusually. . As a result of lessons learned from the past, it has been expanded to strict disposal for all groups.The following are scandals involving the Bank of Mitsubishi UFJ. The following are scandals involving the Bank of Mitsubishi UFJ. The following are scandals involving the Bank of Mitsubishi UFJ. The following are scandals involving the Bank of Mitsubishi UFJ. 
In January 2007, a subsidiary, Union Bank of California, was also inspected by the US Monetary Authority . As a result of these disposals, Mitsubishi UFJ has forgotten the acquisition of the Financial Holding Company qualification in the United States, and has been behind in investment banking operations through integrated bank and securities management.[17]
Unauthorized financing to Dowa（Burakumin）
Buraku was established for the purpose of resolution of Osaka City is the affiliated organization of Asuka Board is privatized by the former President Dowa rights had been turned into a.[18] In the days of the former Sanwa Bank, the company continued to lend billions of yen to the former chairman, and the officers also held back this problem while grasping this fact, making the loan almost uncollectible. Even after the former president was arrested in 2006 and the problem surfaced, information was not shared between the former UFJ and former Tokyo Mitsubishi management, and some of the former Tokyo Mitsubishi executives said, There was also a movement to evade disposal as "not a project".
On February 15, 2007, the Financial Services Agency issued an order to suspend operations due to a serious problem with the internal management system of the Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ. The bank ceased a new loan for three months at all corporate sales offices, suspended the establishment of corporate sales offices, clarified management responsibilities, and requested a business improvement plan.
In this case, the deputy general manager of the Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Awaji Branch, who was directly involved in a series of issues, was also arrested for business embezzlement assistance .
Obscenity incident by a student recruiter
During a recruitment activity, a Tokyo University UFJ banker who had made an obscene act by flickering a job offer to a female university student who applied for the bank, such as `` Your evaluation is high '' or `` I want to support '', May 19, 2007, Arrested for forced obscenity.[19] On the afternoon of April 8, 2007, the clerk was called to hug or kiss a national college fourth-year female college student (21 years old) at a karaoke store in Kita-ku , Osaka . The female college student resisted, escaped from the scene, and reported damage.The following are scandals involving the Bank of Mitsubishi UFJ. 
The clerk named her female college alumni and pretended to be hiring managers by university, but she was also in charge of hiring assistance. Assuming that there was a possibility that the contact information was found from the student entry sheet etc. during this assistance, the Osaka Prefectural Police conducted a home search for three related locations, including the bank's office, the Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Namba Branch.[20]
The suspect was re-arrested on June 11 for committing a similar obscenity to another student. The same suspect at a later date disciplinary dismissal was the disposal.[21]
Inappropriate treatment in investment trust sales
June 11, 2007, the Financial Services Agency is the Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, issued a straddle administrative penalties to multiple business.[22] Many inappropriate treatments were found in the sale of investment trusts at bank counters . At the same time, orders for improvement were also issued for overseas operations where scandals continued.
In the case of investment trust sales, there are many cases where the bank user mistakenly picks up a product that he or she ordered to purchase, but does not take a prescribed response, such as an error report to the Finance Bureau or a loss compensation to the customer. I found out. About 100 cases of such improper handling occurred in several bank branches in about three years. The number of users seeking asset management through investment trusts is increasing against the backdrop of the Bank of Japan's zero interest rate policy , and the FSA has been increasingly monitoring financial institutions from the perspective of consumer protection.[23] This is the first time that the Financial Services Agency has started to deal with window sales of investment trusts.
The (former) UFJ found similar problems in the past, so it was revised to strict internal regulations, but after the merger with Mitsubishi UFJ, it was adjusted to the loose regulations of the former Tokyo Mitsubishi. In addition to the poor internal management system and low management awareness, the Financial Services Agency has pointed out that "customer disregard is too much" and "problems are prominent compared to other megabanks.[24] " (Former) Bank of Tokyo also worked with life insurance companies to sell variable life insurance for variable products to elderly customers in a bundle with a life insurance company, and then had many litigation cases.[25]
Embezzlement at overseas branches
In overseas operations, in addition to negligence of money laundering measures, it was announced that dozens of embezzlements and fraudulent withdrawals by local staff occurred. As a result of this disposition, dispositions received from within and outside of Japan in about one and a half years after its establishment spans seven fields .
Incorrect registration of 120,000 credit information
The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, from 1994 to 2007, had incorrect credit information registered in the National Bank Personal Credit Information Center for 7490 of customer information that received loans such as mortgages . Of these, 2747 were at risk of customer damage. Most of the projects are from the former Tokyo Mitsubishi.
An erroneous registration at the subsidiary Mitsubishi UFJ Nicos was also announced. The company's DC card user relationship has caused over 110,000 information registration mistakes, of which 2324 may have the disadvantage of not being able to use caching.
Both companies say that the information was corrected by the credit information agency by June 2007.
Assaults and strikes in the Shenzhen branch of the People's Republic of China
On July 27, 2007, at the Shenzhen Branch of the Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, a Japanese section manager slaps a subordinate's Chinese staff, saying, "Attitude is unpleasant," and in response to this, 50 Chinese staff members from the branch  Entered the strike.[26]
Former Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ Bank suspected of dressing 18.7 million yen in customer deposit
The Metropolitan Police Department's Investigation Division 2 arrested a former branch manager of the Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ on the 27th on the suspicion of business embezzlement, assuming that approximately 18.7 million yen was deposited from a customer's account. Since May 2002, it has been supported by the assumption that a total of about 110 million yen has been worn by 33 people including the age limit.[27]
Obtain a resident's card for the purpose of dunning
Of Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ series collection agency is, 2015 September in Osaka Prefecture Toyonaka from, the bank's card loan use is not the same citizen two of the residence , and had been acquired by the repayment reminder purpose to reason That was discovered in April 2016 . The city protested the bank and returned the resident card. The bank said that " it was necessary to check whether elderly people over a certain age were alive", but refused to explain how much of the resident's card was obtained .
Embezzled bank account of individual investor
On November 1, 2013, the Shinjuku central branch manager of the Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ withdrew the full amount from the account of Moe Fukada, an economic critic at the bank. When asked, he replied that he had seized his account. So Fukada filed a claim for damages on November 27 and won the case.[28]
140 billion yen Accepted inappropriate entertainment in bankruptcy case
In the bankruptcy case of the shipping company United Ocean Group (UOG) , the biggest bankruptcy in 2015, several employees including executives of the top bank of Tokyo Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ have been receiving entertainment at high-class clubs in Ginza. That was discovered in a weekly Bunharu interview.[29]
.[30]

Holdings
  • UnionBanCal Corporation (approx 63% in Feb 2005; 68% in 2004; 100% in 2008)
  • Chong Hing Bank (9.66%)
  • Morgan Stanley (22.41%). On September 29, 2008, Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group announced that it would acquire a shareholding in Morgan Stanley for US$9 billion. In the midst of the October 2008 stock market crash, concerns over the completion of the Mitsubishi deal caused a dramatic fall in Morgan Stanley's stock price to levels last seen in 1994. Morgan Stanley's share price recovered considerably after Mitsubishi UFJ closed the deal on October 14, 2008.[31][32][33][34][35]
    • The payment from MUFG was supposed to be wired electronically; however, because it needed to be made on an emergency basis on Columbus Day when banks were closed in the US, MUFG cut a US$9 billion physical check, the largest amount written via physical check at the time.[36][37] The physical check was accepted by Robert A. Kindler, Global Head of Mergers and Acquisitions and Vice Chairman of Morgan Stanley, at the offices of Wachtell Lipton.[38]
  • Bank of Ayudhya (76.88% on January 5, 2015; 72% on December 19, 2013)[39]

References
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