Makkovik

Makkovik (Inuit: Maggovik) is a town in Labrador in eastern Canada. It had a population of 377 persons in 2016. The main industry is fishing (snow crab) and there is a fishing cooperative.

Makkovik

Maggovik[1]
Town
View of Makkovik
Makkovik
Location of Makkovik in Labrador
Makkovik
Makkovik (Canada)
Coordinates: 55°04′38″N 59°11′16″W
CountryCanada
ProvinceNewfoundland and Labrador
RegionNunatsiavut
Settled1860
IncorporatedMarch 26, 1970
Government
 • Mayor (AngajukKâk)Barry Andersen
 • Federal MPYvonne Jones (L)
 • Provincial MHALela Evans (PC)
 • Nunatsiavut Assembly memberJohn Andersen
Area
 • Land1.97 km2 (0.76 sq mi)
Population
 (2016)
 • Total377[2]
 • Density182.9/km2 (474/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC−04:00 (AST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−03:00 (ADT)
Canadian Postal code
A0P 1J0
Area code(s)709

Makkovik is inaccessible by road and may be reached only by air or sea.

History

Settled by Torsten Kverna Andersen and his wife Mary Ann Thomas who set up a trading post there in 1860, the population gradually increased over the next three decades as European settlers and Inuit established roots in the community, though this territory since time immemorial was used by Inuit. Other European settlers came mainly from Scotland (bringing surnames like Lyall and McNeill) and Quebec (bringing names like Perrault and Jacque). Colonization was assured in 1896 when the Moravian Church established a mission station and residential school there. Both the mission and school were destroyed by a fire in 1948 but the economy was instilled in the 1950s by two notable events. First was the forceful resettlement to Makkovik of 150 Inuit residents of the northern communities of Nutak and Hebron.[3][4][5] Second was the establishment nearby of a radar warning station by the United States government.[6]

In January 2012, Makkovik received notable media attention after 14-year old Burton Winters froze to death after his snowmobile broke down on the ice just outside of the community.[7][8]

The population is mainly composed of residents of mixed European and Inuit heritage. 95 people in Makkovik claimed to have Norwegian ancestry in the 2016 census.[2]

United States Air Force base
Main article: Cape Makkovik Air Station

For three years in the late 1950s the United States Air Force operated a remote radar base approximately 15 kilometres north of the settlement. Called Cape Makkovik, it was constructed between 1955 and 1957 and operated until 1961, and dismantled later in the decade. It was a "gap-filler" in the Pinetree Line set up to monitor the skies for aircraft approaching from the north.[9][10]

Geography

The community lies at the end of a peninsula in northern Labrador about 215 km (134 mi) northeast of Happy Valley-Goose Bay. Travel is by air year round (served by Makkovik Airport) and by boat in summer. Winter travel is by snowmobile. The community is situated on a sheltered bay in a saddle between two hills. In the lee of the northernmost hill is a large copse of tall spruce trees, which is remarkable given the paucity of tree cover for miles around. Now known as the Moravian Wood, there is a small cemetery in the centre.

Geology

The community is located in the Makkovik Province, a Paleoproterozoic accretionary belt which is the smallest defined tectonic component of the Canadian Shield. The Makkovik Province is separated from the Nain Province to the north by the Kanairiktok Shear Zone and from the Grenville Province to the south by the Grenville Front, which marks the northern limit of the widespread Grenvillian deformation. Prior to the opening of the Labrador Sea the Makkovik Province lay adjacent to the Ketilidian Mobile Belt which currently forms part of Southwest Greenland.

Climate

Like most of Labrador, Makkovik has a subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc) with short, mild summers and very cold winters; however, typically for its region but unusually for subarctic regions generally, precipitation is high with a minimum in the "spring" months from March to May. This high precipitation and cool summers is due to the powerful influence of the Icelandic Low and the Labrador Current on its western side, and gives very heavy snowfall of 411.6 cm (162.0 in) per year with an average maximum cover of 69 cm (27 in) during March and April. The greatest snow depth was 152 cm (60 in) on April 17, 1997. Unlike most places with a pronounced subarctic climate, Makkovik has a pronounced seasonal lag with August being much warmer than July and September averaging slightly warmer than June.

Climate data for Makkovik, Newfoundland and Labrador (1981-2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high humidex 10.8 8.3 12.8 15.5 27.0 36.6 42.6 42.5 31.4 20.6 16.9 8.5 42.6
Record high °C (°F) 12.0
(53.6)		 10.0
(50.0)		 13.0
(55.4)		 14.0
(57.2)		 28.0
(82.4)		 34.5
(94.1)		 33.5
(92.3)		 34.5
(94.1)		 29.0
(84.2)		 18.5
(65.3)		 16.0
(60.8)		 14.0
(57.2)		 34.5
(94.1)
Average high °C (°F) −12.6
(9.3)		 −12.1
(10.2)		 −6.2
(20.8)		 0.5
(32.9)		 6.8
(44.2)		 12.5
(54.5)		 16.5
(61.7)		 17.2
(63.0)		 12.4
(54.3)		 5.7
(42.3)		 −1.1
(30.0)		 −7.5
(18.5)		 2.7
(36.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) −16.7
(1.9)		 −16.5
(2.3)		 −10.6
(12.9)		 −3.1
(26.4)		 2.8
(37.0)		 7.8
(46.0)		 11.6
(52.9)		 12.6
(54.7)		 8.6
(47.5)		 2.8
(37.0)		 −3.9
(25.0)		 −11.0
(12.2)		 −1.3
(29.7)
Average low °C (°F) −20.8
(−5.4)		 −20.7
(−5.3)		 −15.0
(5.0)		 −6.8
(19.8)		 −1.2
(29.8)		 3.1
(37.6)		 6.7
(44.1)		 7.9
(46.2)		 4.7
(40.5)		 −0.1
(31.8)		 −6.7
(19.9)		 −14.5
(5.9)		 −5.3
(22.5)
Record low °C (°F) −37.0
(−34.6)		 −37.0
(−34.6)		 −32.5
(−26.5)		 −25.0
(−13.0)		 −14.0
(6.8)		 −3.5
(25.7)		 −1.0
(30.2)		 0.0
(32.0)		 −3.5
(25.7)		 −15.5
(4.1)		 −22.0
(−7.6)		 −33.5
(−28.3)		 −37.0
(−34.6)
Record low wind chill −53 −58 −51 −39 −23 −12 −4 0 −7 −27 −35 −53 −58
Average precipitation mm (inches) 72.6
(2.86)		 75.1
(2.96)		 72.9
(2.87)		 61.8
(2.43)		 52.0
(2.05)		 94.0
(3.70)		 101.0
(3.98)		 97.6
(3.84)		 91.9
(3.62)		 91.6
(3.61)		 84.1
(3.31)		 83.9
(3.30)		 978.5
(38.53)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 2.5
(0.10)		 1.5
(0.06)		 7.2
(0.28)		 15.4
(0.61)		 33.1
(1.30)		 84.3
(3.32)		 101.1
(3.98)		 97.6
(3.84)		 90.5
(3.56)		 72.7
(2.86)		 22.2
(0.87)		 10.9
(0.43)		 539
(21.21)
Average snowfall cm (inches) 67.5
(26.6)		 73.6
(29.0)		 64.0
(25.2)		 41.8
(16.5)		 16.5
(6.5)		 8.7
(3.4)		 0.1
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 1.3
(0.5)		 16.4
(6.5)		 54.8
(21.6)		 66.9
(26.3)		 411.6
(162.1)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) 14.1 12.4 14.1 13.0 12.7 16.4 16.7 16.4 17.0 16.4 15.7 14.9 179.8
Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) 0.81 0.48 2.3 4.4 9.2 15.6 16.7 16.4 16.8 13.1 5.0 2.3 103.09
Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) 13.9 12.1 13.2 9.8 5.2 2.8 0.05 0.00 0.35 5.8 12.6 13.6 89.4
Source: [11]


Politics

Makkovik is governed by an AngajukKâk (currently Barry Andersen) and a 5-member Inuit Community Government. The ICG consists of 4 members elected by the Inuit population (currently Bernie Andersen, Tony Andersen, Elizabeth Evans-Mitchell and Caroline Rideout) and 1 member elected by the non-Inuit population (currently Dion Rideout).[12]

In the provincial House of Assembly, Makkovik is represented as part of the riding of Torngat Mountains which is currently represented by Lela Evans. 3 of the 4 most recent MHAs for Torngat Mountains have been from Makkovik.

In the House of Commons, Makkovik is represented as part of Labrador which is currently represented by Yvonne Jones.

In the Nunatsiavut Assembly, Makkovik is represented as its own single-member electoral district. The current representative is John Andersen while past representatives have been:

Years Member
2006-2010 Todd Broomfield
2010-2014
2014-2018 Kate Mitchell[13]
2018-2019
2020-present John Andersen[14][15]

References
  1. "Word List". Inuktut Lexicon Atlas. Retrieved Oct 16, 2020.
  2. "Census Profile, 2016 Census". Statistics Canada. Retrieved Oct 16, 2020.
  3. "Inuit mark 50th anniversary of Labrador resettlement". CBC News. Aug 12, 2009. Retrieved Oct 16, 2020.
  4. "Ceremony to mark forced relocation of Inuit village". CBC News. Aug 15, 2012. Retrieved Oct 16, 2020.
  5. "Relocated Labrador Inuit to get apology monument". CBC News. Jul 24, 2009. Retrieved Oct 16, 2020.
  6. "Town of Makkovik Municipal Plan 2007-2017" (PDF). Government of Newfoundland and Labrador - Environment, Climate Change and Municipalities. D.W. Knight Associates. Retrieved Oct 16, 2020.
  7. "1 year after inquiry announced, Burton Winters's family hopeful for action soon". CBC News. Dec 4, 2019. Retrieved Oct 16, 2020.
  8. "Burton Winters's death prompts long-awaited inquiry into search and rescue services". CBC news. Dec 4, 2018. Retrieved Oct 16, 2020.
  9. Buss, Lydus (Apr 1, 1957). "US Air Defense in the Northeast 1940-1957". c-and-e-museum.org. Retrieved Oct 16, 2020.
  10. "About Pinetree Line". Canadian Civil Defence Museum and Archives. Retrieved Oct 16, 2020.
  11. Climate Normals 1981-2010 Station Data
  12. https://www.makkovik.ca/home/4
  13. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2016-08-10. Retrieved 2016-06-10.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  14. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/nunatsiavut-minister-resigns-kate-mitchell-1.5382247
  15. https://www.nunatsiavut.com/article/andersen-acclaimed-ordinary-member-for-makkovik/
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.