Marijnen cabinet

The Marijnen cabinet was the executive branch of the Dutch Government from 24 July 1963 until 14 April 1965. The cabinet was a continuation of the previous De Quay cabinet and was formed by the Christian-democratic Catholic People's Party (KVP), Anti-Revolutionary Party (ARP) and Christian Historical Union (CHU) and the conservative-liberal People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) after the election of 1963. The cabinet was a centre-right coalition and had a substantial majority in the House of Representatives with prominent Catholic politician Victor Marijnen the Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries in the previous cabinet serving as Prime Minister. Protestant Leader Barend Biesheuvel served as Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries and was given the portfolio of Suriname and Netherlands Antilles Affairs.

Marijnen cabinet

49th Cabinet of the Netherlands
The installation of the Marijnen cabinet on 24 July 1963
Date formed24 July 1963 (1963-07-24)
Date dissolved14 April 1965 (1965-04-14)
1 year, 264 days in office
(Demissionary from 27 February 1965 (1965-02-27))
People and organisations
MonarchQueen Juliana
Prime MinisterVictor Marijnen
Deputy Prime MinisterBarend Biesheuvel
No. of ministers14
Member partyCatholic People's Party
(KVP)
People's Party for
Freedom and Democracy
(VVD)
Anti-Revolutionary Party
(ARP)
Christian Historical Union
(CHU)
Status in legislatureCentre-right
Majority government
Opposition partyLabour Party
Opposition leaderAnne Vondeling
History
Election(s)1963 election
Legislature term(s)1963–1967
Incoming formation1963 formation
Outgoing formation1965 formation
PredecessorDe Quay cabinet
SuccessorCals cabinet
Netherlands
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The cabinet served in the middle of the tumultuous 1960s, domestically it had to deal with the counterculture and economic changes following the discovery of the Groningen gas field and it had to deal with the fallout of the marriage between Princess Irene and carlist Carlos Hugo of Bourbon-Parma and it was able to implement several major social reforms to health insurance and the public broadcasting system, internationally the disbandment of the Netherlands New Guinea was finalized. The cabinet suffered several major internal conflicts, and fell just 19 months into its term on 27 February 1965 following a conflict over the implantation of Commercial Broadcasting and continued in a demissionary capacity until it was replaced with the Cals cabinet.[1][2]

Term

The natural gas reserves, recently found in Slochteren were a considerable boost for the economy. This, combined with labour shortage led to a rise in wages and the attraction of foreign workers. Despite this being the second cabinet without socialist Labour Party, the building up of a welfare state, that was started after World War II, continued with the introduction of minimum wages in 1964 and the national health service.

In 1965, measures were taken against commercial television stations transmitting from the North Sea. The cabinet finally fell over the issue if commercial TV should be allowed in the Netherlands.

Prime Minister Victor Marijnen and Vice President of the United States Lyndon B. Johnson at Ypenburg Airport on 5 November 1963.
Prime Minister of Belgium Théo Lefèvre and Prime Minister Victor Marijnen at Ypenburg Airport on 15 February 1964.
Israeli Minister of Foreign Affairs Golda Meir and Minister Joseph Luns at Airport Schiphol on 25 February 1964.
West-German Minister for Foreign Affairs Gerhard Schröder, Chancellor of West-Germany Ludwig Erhard, Prime Minister Victor Marijnen and Minister Joseph Luns at the Catshuis on 2 March 1964.
French Minister of Foreign Affairs Maurice Couve de Murville and Minister Joseph Luns at a NATO conference in The Hague on 12 May 1964.
United States Secretary of State Dean Rusk, British Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs Rab Butler and Minister Joseph Luns at a NATO conference in The Hague on 13 May 1964.
Minister Joseph Luns, Soviet Leader Nikita Khrushchev and Soviet Minister of Foreign Affairs Andrei Gromyko at the Kremlin Senate on 8 July 1964.
American Ambassador at Large Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. and Prime Minister Victor Marijnen at the Catshuis on 20 August 1964.

Cabinet Members
Ministers Title/Ministry/Portfolio(s) Term of office Party
Victor Marijnen
(1917–1975)		 Prime Minister General Affairs 24 July 1963 –
14 April 1965		 Catholic
People's Party
Barend Biesheuvel
(1920–2001)		 Deputy
Prime Minister		 Agriculture and
Fisheries		 24 July 1963 –
5 April 1967
[Continued]		 Anti-Revolutionary
Party
Minister
Minister Interior • Suriname and
Netherlands
Antilles Affairs
Edzo Toxopeus
(1918–2009)		 Minister Interior 19 May 1959 –
14 April 1965
[Retained]		 People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy
Joseph Luns
(1911–2002)		 Minister Foreign Affairs 13 October 1956 –
6 July 1971
[Retained] [Continued]		 Catholic
People's Party
Dr.
Johan Witteveen
(1921–2019)		 Minister Finance 24 July 1963 –
14 April 1965		 People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy
Ynso Scholten
(1918–1984)		 Minister Justice 24 July 1963 –
14 April 1965		 Christian
Historical Union
Dr.
Koos Andriessen
(1928–2019)		 Minister Economic Affairs 24 July 1963 –
14 April 1965		 Christian
Historical Union
Captain
Piet de Jong
(1915–2016)		 Minister Defence 24 July 1963 –
5 April 1967
[Continued]		 Catholic
People's Party
Dr.
Gerard Veldkamp
(1921–1990)		 Minister Social Affairs
and Health		 17 July 1961 –
5 April 1967
[Retained] [Continued]		 Catholic
People's Party
Theo Bot
(1911–1984)		 Minister Education, Arts
and Sciences		 24 July 1963 –
14 April 1965		 Catholic
People's Party
Jan van Aartsen
(1909–1992)		 Minister Transport and
Water Management		 24 July 1963 –
14 April 1965		 Anti-Revolutionary
Party
Pieter Bogaers
(1924–2008)		 Minister Housing and
Construction		 24 July 1963 –
14 April 1965		 Catholic
People's Party
Jo Schouwenaar-
Franssen
(1909–1995)		 Minister Social Work 24 July 1963 –
14 April 1965		 People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy
State Secretaries Title/Ministry/Portfolio(s) Term of office Party
Leo de Block
(1904–1988)		 State Secretary Foreign Affairs • European Union
• Benelux		 3 September 1963 –
5 April 1967
[Continued]		 Catholic
People's Party
Dr.
Isaäc Nicolaas
Diepenhorst
(1907–1976)		 • Development
Cooperation
• United Nations
• International
Organizations		 28 September 1963 –
14 April 1965		 Christian
Historical Union
Dr.
Willem Hendrik
van den Berge
(1905–1987)		 State Secretary Finance • Fiscal Policy
• Tax and Customs
• Governmental
Budget		 27 May 1959 –
14 April 1965
[Retained]		 Independent
Social Democrat
Joop Bakker
(1921–2003)		 State Secretary Economic Affairs • Small and
Medium-sized
Businesses
• Regional
Development		 3 September 1963 –
22 November 1966
[Continued]		 Anti-Revolutionary
Party
Major general
Joop Haex
(1911–2002)		 State Secretary Defence • Army 14 August 1963 –
14 April 1965		 Christian
Historical Union
Rear admiral
Adri van Es
(1913–1994)		 • Navy 14 August 1963 –
16 September 1972
[Continued]		 Anti-Revolutionary
Party
Major general
Willem den Toom
(1911–1998)		 • Air Force 25 November 1963 –
14 April 1965		 Catholic
People's Party
Dr.
Louis Bartels
(1915–2002)		 State Secretary Social Affairs
and Health		 • Primary
Healthcare
• Elderly Care
• Disability Policy
• Medical Ethics		 3 September 1963 –
5 April 1967
[Continued]		 Catholic
People's Party
Dr.
José de Meijer
(1915–2000)		 • Occupational
Safety
• Public
Organisations		 15 November 1963 –
5 April 1967
[Continued]		 Catholic
People's Party
Hans Grosheide
(born 1930)		 State Secretary Education and
Sciences		 • Primary
Education
• Secondary
Education
• Special
Education		 3 September 1963 –
6 July 1971
[Continued]		 Anti-Revolutionary
Party
Louis van de Laar
(1921–2004)		 • Social Services
• Youth Care
• Media
• Culture
• Art
• Recreation
• Sport		 24 October 1963 –
14 April 1965		 Catholic
People's Party
Mike Keyzer
(1911–1983)		 State Secretary Transport and
Water Management		 • Public
Transport
• Aviation
• Rail Transport
• Weather
Forecasting		 22 October 1963 –
14 April 1965		 People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy
Retained from the previous cabinet
Continued in the next cabinet

Trivia
  • The age difference between oldest cabinet member Leo de Block (born 1904) and the youngest cabinet member Hans Grosheide (born 1930) was 25 years, 357 days.
  • Five cabinet members had previous experience as scholars and professors: Johan Witteveen (Financial Economics), Koos Andriessen (Political Economics), Gerard Veldkamp (Microeconomics), Willem Hendrik van den Berge (Public Economics) and Louis Bartels (Health Economics).
  • The three cabinet State Secretaries for Defence where all flag officers: Joop Haex (Major General in the Army), Adri van Es (Rear Admiral in the Navy) and Willem den Toom (Major General in the Air Force).
  • Ten cabinet member would later serve in the De Jong cabinet: Joseph Luns (Foreign Affairs), Johan Witteveen (Finance), Piet de Jong (Prime Minister), Leo de Block (Economic Affairs), Joop Bakker (Deputy Prime Minister), Joop Haex (Army), Adri van Es (Navy), Willem den Toom (Defence), Hans Grosheide (Education) and Mike Keyzer (Transport and Water Management).
  • Koos Andriessen again served as Minister of Economic Affairs 24 years, 207 days later in the Third Lubbers cabinet.

References
  1. "Na 9 weken een nieuwe regering (1963)" (in Dutch). Nederlands Instituut voor Beeld en Geluid (YouTube). 25 May 2010. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
  2. "Marijnen, Victor Gerard Marie (1917-1975)" (in Dutch). Huygens ING. 12 November 2013. Retrieved 20 May 2019.
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