Michigan's 4th congressional district

Michigan's 4th congressional district
	Michigan's 4th congressional district since January 3, 2013
	John Moolenaar; R–Midland
Distribution	63.33% rural[1]; 36.67% urban;
Population (2019)	702,887[2]
Median household; income	$54,166[3]
Ethnicity	93.93% White; 3.09% Hispanic; 2.8% Native American; 1.74% Black;
Cook PVI	R+10[4]

Michigan's 4th congressional district is a United States congressional district that from 2003 to 2013 included portions of Northern and Central Michigan, consisting of all of Clare, Clinton, Gladwin, Gratiot, Isabella, Mecosta, Midland, Missaukee, Ogemaw, Osceola, Roscommon, and Wexford counties, as well as the northern portion of Shiawassee county, most of the western portion of Saginaw county, and most of Montcalm county.[5] The district was slightly altered in the 2012 redistricting.

The 4th is represented by John Moolenaar.

Major cities

Recent results in statewide elections

Year	Office	Results
1992	U.S. President	B. Clinton 38 – 37%
1996	U.S. President	B. Clinton 47 – 41%
2000	U.S. President	Bush 54 – 44%
2004	U.S. President	Bush 55 – 44%
2008	U.S. President	Obama 50 – 48%
2012	U.S. President	Romney 54 – 46%
2016	U.S. President	Trump 60 – 35%
2018	Governor of Michigan	Schuette 55 – 42%
2018	U.S. Senator	James 57 – 41%
2020	U.S. President	Trump 61 – 37%

History

Michigan's 4th congressional district was first formed in 1852. At this time It covered everywhere from Macomb County to the western end of the Upper Peninsula. Ingham County was not in the district, and then the boundary turned northward after Eaton County only going west again Midland County was reached. It went west again along Midland and subsequent counties southern lines and then headed north again on the east side of Muskegon County, with Manistee being its southern county that bordered Lake Michigan.

In 1863 it gained the areas around Grand Rapids and Muskegon but lost everything east of Ionia County and most of the Upper Peninsula. In 1872 it was redrawn to cover Berrien, Cass, Kalamazoo, Van Buren and St. Joseph Counties. In 1892 these boundaries were altered by the addition of Allegan and Barry Counties but the subtraction of Kalamazoo County. This remained the district boundaries for the next 72 years.

In 1964 the 4th district was redrawn. Barry County was subtracted from the district while Branch and Hillsdale Counties were added. In 1972 the district boundaries were altered by adding small sections of Calhoun County and subtracting small portions of Hillsdale and St. Joseph Counties.

The 1982 redistricting removed from the district all of Hillsdale County and the portion of Calhoun County that was in the district. Quincy and Butler Townships in Branch County were also removed. In Kalamazoo County Schoolcraft Township and most of Portage were added to the district. The southern and western portions of Allegan County and most of western Ottawa County including Holland, Michigan were also in the district.

In the renumbering of 1992 this district essentially became the 6th, while the old 10th became the new 6th.

The old 10th and 1990s 6th

The old 10th included most of Grand Traverse and all of Kalkaska County which were lost to the new 1st (old 11th) in the 1992 redistricting. It also included Wexford County that was moved to the new 2nd (old 9th) in the 1992 redistricting. The only other areas lost were small parts of Antrim and Iosco Counties and a portion of Shiawasee County consisting of Durand and Vernon Township.

The new 4th gained Montcalm county from the old 9th district. It gained the Clinton and most of the Shiawasee portions of the old 6th district and the northern half of Oscoda County. It also gained a portion of south-west Saginaw County and the portion of Midland County that had not been in the old 10th.

In 2002 Leelaunau County and a small section of north-west Grand Traverse County were the only areas gerrymandered from the 1st and other districts into the 4th that had not been in the old 10th.

List of members representing the district

Member	Party	Years	Cong ress	Electoral history	District location
District created March 4, 1853
Hestor L. Stevens	Democratic	March 4, 1853 – March 3, 1855	33rd	Elected in 1852. [data unknown/missing]
George Washington Peck	Democratic	March 4, 1855 – March 3, 1857	34th	Elected in 1854. [data unknown/missing]
De Witt C. Leach	Republican	March 4, 1857 – March 3, 1861	35th 36th	Elected in 1856. Re-elected in 1858. [data unknown/missing]
Rowland E. Trowbridge	Republican	March 4, 1861 – March 3, 1863	37th	Elected in 1860. [data unknown/missing]
Francis William Kellogg	Republican	March 4, 1863 – March 3, 1865	38th	Redistricted from the 3rd district and re-elected in 1862. [data unknown/missing]
Thomas W. Ferry	Republican	March 4, 1865 – March 3, 1871	39th 40th 41st	Elected in 1864. Re-elected in 1866. Re-elected in 1868. Re-elected in 1870 but declined the seat when elected U.S. Senator.
Vacant		March 4, 1871 – December 4, 1871	42nd
Wilder D. Foster	Republican	April 4, 1871 – March 3, 1873	42nd	Elected April 4, 1871 to finish Ferry's term and seated December 4, 1871. Redistricted to the 5th district.
Julius C. Burrows	Republican	March 4, 1873 – March 3, 1875	43rd	Elected in 1872. [data unknown/missing]
Allen Potter	Democratic	March 4, 1875 – March 3, 1877	44th	Elected in 1874. [data unknown/missing]
Edwin W. Keightley	Republican	March 4, 1877 – March 3, 1879	45th	Elected in 1876. [data unknown/missing]
Julius C. Burrows	Republican	March 4, 1879 – March 3, 1883	46th 47th	Elected in 1878. Re-elected in 1880. [data unknown/missing]
George L. Yaple	Democratic[lower-alpha 1]	March 4, 1883 – March 3, 1885	48th	Elected in 1882. [data unknown/missing]
Julius C. Burrows	Republican	March 4, 1885 – March 3, 1893	49th 50th 51st 52nd	Elected in 1884. Re-elected in 1886. Re-elected in 1888. Re-elected in 1890. Redistricted to the 3rd district.
Henry F. Thomas	Republican	March 4, 1893 – March 3, 1897	53rd 54th	Elected in 1892. Re-elected in 1894. [data unknown/missing]
Edward L. Hamilton	Republican	March 4, 1897 – March 3, 1921	55th 56th 57th 58th 59th 60th 61st 62nd 63rd 64th 65th 66th	Elected in 1896. Re-elected in 1898. Re-elected in 1900. Re-elected in 1902. Re-elected in 1904. Re-elected in 1906. Re-elected in 1908. Re-elected in 1910. Re-elected in 1912. Re-elected in 1914. Re-elected in 1916. Re-elected in 1918. [data unknown/missing]
John C. Ketcham	Republican	March 4, 1921 – March 3, 1933	67th 68th 69th 70th 71st 72nd	Elected in 1920. Re-elected in 1922. Re-elected in 1924. Re-elected in 1926. Re-elected in 1928. Re-elected in 1930. [data unknown/missing]
George E. Foulkes	Democratic	March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1935	73rd	Elected in 1932. [data unknown/missing]
Clare Hoffman	Republican	January 3, 1935 – January 3, 1963	74th 75th 76th 77th 78th 79th 80th 81st 82nd 83rd 84th 85th 86th 87th	Elected in 1934. Re-elected in 1936. Re-elected in 1938. Re-elected in 1940. Re-elected in 1942. Re-elected in 1944. Re-elected in 1946. Re-elected in 1948. Re-elected in 1950. Re-elected in 1952. Re-elected in 1954. Re-elected in 1956. Re-elected in 1958. Re-elected in 1960. [data unknown/missing]
Edward Hutchinson	Republican	January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1977	88th 89th 90th 91st 92nd 93rd 94th	Elected in 1962. Re-elected in 1964. Re-elected in 1966. Re-elected in 1968. Re-elected in 1970. Re-elected in 1972. Re-elected in 1974. [data unknown/missing]
David Stockman	Republican	January 3, 1977 – January 21, 1981	95th 96th 97th	Elected in 1976. Re-elected in 1978. Re-elected in 1980. Resigned to become Director of the Office of Management and Budget
Vacant		January 21, 1981 – April 21, 1981	97th
Mark Siljander	Republican	April 21, 1981 – January 3, 1987	97th 98th 99th	Elected to finish Stockman's term. Re-elected in 1982. Re-elected in 1984. [data unknown/missing]
Fred Upton	Republican	January 3, 1987 – January 3, 1993	100th 101st 102nd	Elected in 1986. Re-elected in 1988. Re-elected in 1990. Redistricted to the 6th district.
Dave Camp	Republican	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2015	103rd 104th 105th 106th 107th 108th 109th 110th 111th 112th 113th	Redistricted from the 10th district and re-elected in 1992. Re-elected in 1994. Re-elected in 1996. Re-elected in 1998. Re-elected in 2000. Re-elected in 2002. Re-elected in 2004. Re-elected in 2006. Re-elected in 2008. Re-elected in 2010. Re-elected in 2012. Retired.	1993–2003
					2003–2013
					2013–present
John Moolenaar	Republican	January 3, 2015 – present	114th 115th 116th 117th	Elected in 2014. Re-elected in 2016. Re-elected in 2018. Re-elected in 2020.	2013–present

Recent election results

2012

Michigan's 4th congressional district, 2012
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Dave Camp (incumbent)	197,386	63.1
	Democratic	Debra Freidell Wirth	104,996	33.6
	Libertarian	John Gelineau	4,285	1.4
	Taxpayers	George Zimmer	3,506	1.1
	Green	Pat Timmons	2,776	0.9
Total votes			312,949	100.0
	Republican hold

2014

Michigan's 4th congressional district, 2014[6]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	John Moolenaar	123,962	56.5
	Democratic	Jeff Holmes	85,777	39.1
	U.S. Taxpayers	George Zimmer	4,990	2.3
	Libertarian	Will White	4,694	2.1
Total votes			219,423	100.0
	Republican hold

2016

Michigan's 4th congressional district, 2016 [7]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	John Moolenaar (incumbent)	194,572	61.6
	Democratic	Debra Wirth	101,277	32.1
	Libertarian	Leonard Schwartz	8,516	2.7
	Taxpayers	George M. Zimmer	5,595	1.8
	Green	Jordan Salvi	3,953	1.2
	Natural Law	Keith Butkovich	1,838	0.6
Total votes			315,751	100.0
	Republican hold

2018

Michigan's 4th congressional district, 2018
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	John Moolenaar (incumbent)	178,510	62.6
	Democratic	Jerry Hilliard	106,540	37.4
Total votes			285,050	100.0
	Republican hold

2020

Michigan's 4th congressional district, 2020[8]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	John Moolenaar (incumbent)	242,621	65.0
	Democratic	Jerry Hilliard	120,802	32.4
	Libertarian	David Canny	5,374	1.4
	Green	Amy Slepr	4,448	1.2
Total votes			373,245	100.0
	Republican hold

Notes

George L. Yaple was elected as a fusion candidate, but was seated in Congress with the Democrats.

https://www2.census.gov/geo/relfiles/cdsld13/26/ur_cd_26.txt
"My Congressional District".
"My Congressional District".
"Partisan Voting Index – Districts of the 115th Congress" (PDF). The Cook Political Report. April 7, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2017.
http://www.mcgi.state.mi.us/districtlocator/PDFs/2011/congressional/Michigan%20Congressional%20District%204.pdf

References

Govtrack.us for the 4th District - Lists current Senators and representative, and map showing district outline
The Political graveyard: U.S. Representatives from Michigan, 1807-2003
U.S. Representatives 1837-2003, Michigan Manual 2003-2004
Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present

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[Yaple-6] George L. Yaple was elected as a fusion candidate, but was seated in Congress with the Democrats.

[1] ttps://www2.census.gov/geo/relfiles/cdsld13/26/ur_cd_26.txt

[2] "My Congressional District".

[3] "My Congressional District".

[Cook-4] "Partisan Voting Index – Districts of the 115th Congress" (PDF). The Cook Political Report. April 7, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2017.

[5] ttp://www.mcgi.state.mi.us/districtlocator/PDFs/2011/congressional/Michigan%20Congressional%20District%204.pdf