North Jakarta

North Jakarta (Indonesian: Jakarta Utara) is one of the five administrative cities (kota administrasi) which form Special Capital Region of Jakarta, Indonesia. North Jakarta is not self-governed and does not have a city council, hence it is not classified as a proper municipality. It contains the entire coastal area within the Jakarta Special District. In North Jakarta, an area at the estuary of Ciliwung river was the main port for the kingdom of Tarumanegara, which later grew to become Jakarta. Many historic sites and artefacts of Jakarta can be found in North Jakarta. Both ports of Tanjung Priok and historic Sunda Kelapa are located in the city. The city, which covers an area of 139.99 km2, had 1,645,312 inhabitants at the 2010 Census,[1] the latest official estimate (for mid 2019) is 1,827,731.[2] It has its administrative centre in Tanjung Priok.

North Jakarta
Administrative city
Administrative city of North Jakarta
Kota Administrasi Jakarta Utara
Marina Ancol, North Jakarta
Seal
Coordinates: 6.1864°S 106.8294°E / -6.1864; 106.8294
Country Indonesia
Province Jakarta
Government
 • MayorSigit Wijatmoko
 • Vice MayorAli Maulana Hakim
Area
 • Total139.99 km2 (54.05 sq mi)
Population
 (2019)
 • Total1,827,731
 • Density13,000/km2 (34,000/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+7 (IWST)
Websiteutara.jakarta.go.id

North Jakarta contains some of Jakarta's original natural mangrove forests. As the city has developed, some of this mangrove forest was converted into urban areas. However, a reforestation project aimed at planting mangroves within an area of 400 hectares was enacted in 2011 and was scheduled to be finished in 2012. The main goal of the project was to minimize abrasion in the coastal area, especially around the Pantai Indah Kapuk area.[3]

North Jakarta is bounded by Java Sea to the north; Bekasi to the east; West Jakarta, Central Jakarta and East Jakarta to the south; and Tangerang to the west.

History
Laundry workers working at Ciliwung river in Pasar Baru, circa between 1915 and 1925.

The present-day city of Jakarta grew from the area which is now North Jakarta. In the 5th century, at the mouth of the Ciliwung-Angke River, the development began with the port city Sundapura (now near Tugu, Jakarta and Bekasi), which was the main port for the Kingdom of Tarumanegara under the leadership of King Mulawarman.

During the 16th century, the city, which covered only the area of what is now North Jakarta, was known as Jayakarta. The system of government in Jayakarta has been amended several times, including changes of rulers, and shifting borders of the administrative area. This area consisted of three forms of government: first, the city government which was controlled directly by the Lord of Jayakarta (the area of which is located in what is now the Port of Angke); second, the state government controlled by leaders inferior to the Lord of Jayakarta (the area of which is located in what is now Pasar Ikan and Kota; and third, the worldwide government (the area of which is located in what is now Tanjung Priok.

At the beginning of the 17th century, the area was controlled by Chinese and other native people who later had to submit to the Dutch East Indies.

In 1854, the Law of Comptabuliteit 1854 divided the Jakarta Bay area into three categories: the Voorsteden (the suburbs), Regentschap Batavia (the Regency of Batavia) and private areas (supervised by the Department of Security - Afdeling I)

The government system changed again in 1905. After the formation of Gemeente Batavia, the area around Jakarta Bay was transformed into Batavia District (kewedanan) which includes Penjaringan, Tanjung Priok, Meester Cornelis and Bekasi. Meanwhile, Tanjung Priok came to be under the control of Haven Directie Koninklijke Paketvaart-Maatschappij.

When Japan entered into the region, the form of the government changed into Shiku (district level), and so North Jakarta was divided into districts such as Shiku Penjaringan, Shiku Tanjung Priok and Shiku Bekasi.

After the formation of the Unitary Republic of Indonesia on August 17, 1945, Jakarta Bay was divided into several administrative regions, namely Kewedanan Penjaringan, Tanjung Priok and Bekasi. These three kawedanan are controlled by the mayorship of Jakarta Raya, which is a part of West Java.

In 1957, after the formation of the Kotapraja Jakarta Raya, the area of Jakarta Bay was transformed into the Kotamadya of Jakarta Utara or "City of North Jakarta". [4]

Tourism
North Jakarta skyline

The government of North Jakarta planned for a rehabilitation of tourism in North Jakarta under the 12 Coastal Tourism Destinations of North Jakarta project (Indonesian: 12 Jalur Destinasi - Wisata Pesisir Jakarta Utara[5][6]). The 12 chosen destinations are:

Districts

North Jakarta is subdivided into six districts (kecamatan), listed below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 Census and according to the mid-2019 official estimates:[7]

Mangga Dua Mall
District Area (km²) Population
(2010 Census)		 Population
(2019 Estimate)		 Population
density
2019 (/km²)
Penjaringan 45.41 306,456 355,402 7,826.5
Pademangan 11.92 149,809 168,254 14,115.3
Tanjung Priok 22.52 375,276 395,040 17,541.7
Koja 12.25 288,091 319,115 26,050.2
Kelapa Gading 14.87 154,692 159,373 10,717.8
Cilincing 39.70 371,335 430,536 10,844.7
Totals 138,88 1,645,659 1,827,731 13,160,5

References
  1. Biso Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.
  2. Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2020.
  3. iast (February 19, 2011). "2 Juta Mangrove untuk Pesisir Jakarta". id.wisatapesisir.com (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on February 23, 2011. Retrieved February 26, 2011.
  4. "Kota Jakarta Utara". IANN News (in Indonesian). Manan Foundation. Archived from the original on November 12, 2013. Retrieved February 26, 2011.
  5. "Wisata Pesisir" (in Indonesian). Pemerintah Kota Administrasi Jakarta Utara. Archived from the original on July 27, 2012. Retrieved June 2, 2011.
  6. http://www.desamodern.com (February 10, 2011). "WISATA PESISIR : 12 TUJUAN WISATA JAKARTA UTARA" (in Indonesian). Portal Berita Universitas Pancasila. Archived from the original on August 12, 2011. Retrieved June 2, 2011.
  7. Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2020.
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