Oxypeltidae
The Oxypeltidae are a small family belonging to the superfamily Chrysomeloidea, widespread in the Andean region of Chile and Argentina. They have traditionally been considered a group within the Cerambycidae.
| Oxypeltidae | |
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| Female of Cheloderus childreni from Chile | |
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| Family: | Oxypeltidae Lacordaire, 1869 |
Description
The Oxypeltidae do not have any morphologic resemblance with the other cerambycids. The body is massive and characterised by a nice metallic colour, bluish or green on the head and prothorax, and red on the elytra. Their antennae and legs have a blue metallic colour.
The head, round and small, has two robustly toothed antennae, the pronotum is furnished with longitudinal crests, and the elytra, covered by strong puncture, are bitoothed at the apex.
The posterior wings, membranous, have an unusual violet colour, similar to that of the Cetoniinae, while they are transparent in all other groups of cerambycids.
Biology
The larvae, typically xylophagous, attack trees of the genus Nothofagus, the vicariant of beeches in the Southern Hemisphere. The adults are diurnal and can often be found on leaves.
Systematics
They have always been a mystery for specialists since these insects do not show any strong resemblance with other cerambycids.
At first placed in the Prioninae due to the lateral ridge of the pronotum, the Oxypeltinae have been separated.
Saalas' study[1] on the posterior wings of Cerambycids put into light the fact that the wings of the Oxypeltinae were unusually pigmented.
More recently, the research work[2] done on the larvae showed a far (and doubtful) relationship with the Vesperidae.
Therefore, the group of Oxypeltinae has been recently considered as a different family[3]
The Oxypeltidae consist of only two genera and three species:
- Cheloderus Gray, 1832
- Cheloderus childreni Gray, 1832
- Cheloderus penai Kuschel, 1955
- Oxypeltus Blanchard, 1851
- Oxypeltus quadrispinosus Blanchard, 1851
References
- SAALAS U., 1936 - Über das Flügelgeäder und die phylogenetische Entwicklung der Cerambyciden - Annales Zoologici Societatis Zoologicae-Botanicae Fennicae Vanamo 4 (1): 1-193.
- ŠVÁCHA P., WANG J. J. & CHEN S. C., 1997 - Larval morphology and biology of Philus antennatus and Heterophilus punctulatus, and systematic position of the Philinae (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae and Vesperidae) - Annales de la Société Entomologique de France (N. S.) 33 (3): 323-369.
- NAPP D. S. 1994 - Phylogenetic relationships among the subfamilies of Cerambycidae (Coleoptera, Chrysomeloidea) - Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 28 (2): 265-419.